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% Document Info
\author{Lovely Leah (lovelyleah)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (nursing-level-1-final.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Lovely Leah (lovelyleah))
  /Subject (Nursing Level 1 Final Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Nursing Level 1 Final Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Lovely Leah (lovelyleah)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/165795/cs/35842/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Lovely Leah (lovelyleah) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/lovelyleah} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 3rd December, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

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\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.216 cm} x{2.508 cm} x{3.876 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Lab Values}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Labs}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Normal Ranges}}}} &  \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Sodium}} & 136-145 & Na\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} swells the body \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Potassium}} & 3.5-5 & K\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} pumps the heart \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Chloride}} & 98-106 & Cl\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} maintains serum osmolarity \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Calcium}} & 9-10.5 & Ca contracts the muscles \& maintains bone density \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Magnesium}} & 1.3-2.1 & Mg\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} mellows the muscle \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Albumin}} & 3.5-5 & Used to determine liver function; tells how much protein the body is getting \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Creatinine}} & (M)= 0.6-1.3; (F)=0.5-1.1 & Is excreted by the kidneys; \textgreater{}1.3 = bad kidneys \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{BUN}} & 10-20 & Urea is a by-product of protein metabolism; tests kidney function \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Glucose}} & 74-106 & Hypogly = Brain die \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{RBC}} & (M)= 4.7-6.1; (F)= 4.2-5.4 & Low = anemia, renal disease, vitamin B deficiency \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Hemoglobin}} & (M)= 14-18; (F)= 12-16 & \textless{}7 = blood transfusion \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.216 cm} x{2.508 cm} x{3.876 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Lab Values (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hematocrit}} & (M)= 42-52; (F)= 37-47 & Low = over-hydrated; high = dehydrated \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Platelets}} & 150,000-400,000 & AsaParin, CloPidogrel \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{WBC}} & 5,000-10,000 & High = infection/trauma \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Basophils}} & 25-100 & Releases histamines, kinins, \& heparin in areas of tissue damage; Causes signs \& symptoms of inflammation \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 6)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Neutrophils}} & Segs: 2,500-8,000 & Nonspeccific ingestion \& phagocytosis of microorganisms \& foreign proteins \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Neutrophils}} & Bands: 250-500 & Immature neutrophils \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Lymphocytes}} & 1,000-4,000 &  \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Monocytes}} & 100-700 & Destruction of bacteria \& cellular debris; matures into macrophage \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 4)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Eosinophils}} & 50-500 & Releases vasoconstrictive amines during allergic reactions \& in response to parasitic infection \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Term}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Definition}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Adventitious Lung Sounds}} & Abnormal sounds that originate in the lungs \& airways \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Afterload}} & the pressure or resistance that the ventricles overcome to eject blood through the semilunar valves \& into the peripheral blood vessels \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Anabolism}} & The use of energy to change simple materials into complex body substances \& tissue \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Anti-embolism Hose (TED hose)}} & Tightly fitting elastic stockings that are used to promote blood flow of venous return \& prevent edema in the lower extremities, DVT, venous stasis, \& pulmonary embolism \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 9)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Apnea}} & Absence of breathing for several seconds \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Arteriosclerosis}} & A thickening or hardening of the arterial wall that's often associated with aging \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
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{\emph{Atelectasis}} & The collapse of all of part of a lung \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Atherosclerosis}} & The build up of plaque in coronary arteries around the heart (is a type of arteriosclerosis) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)}} & The minimum amount of energy required to maintain body functions in the resting, awake state \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Bradypnea}} & Abnormally slow breathing (\textless{}10 BPM) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Borborygmus}} & Increased high-pitched bowel sounds, especially loud, gurgling sounds, result from increased motility of the bowel \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 6)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Bruits}} & "Swooshing" sounds over the abdominal aorta, the renal arteries, \& the iliac arteries \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 5)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Cachexia}} & Physical wasting \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Cardiac Index}} & Can be calculated by dividing cardiac output by the body surface area; Normal range is 2.8-4.2 \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Cardiac Output}} & Calculated by multiplying the heart rate in bpm times the stroke volume in liters per beat; is the amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle each minute \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Catabolism}} & The breaking down of substances from complex to simple, resulting in a release of energy \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Chyme}} & Semiliquid product of digestion that travels from the stomach through the intestines \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 5)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Contractility}} & The ability of atrial \& ventricular muscle cells to shorten their fiber length in response to electrical stimulation \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 6)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Coronary Artery Disease}} & Narrowing of the arteries by atherosclerosis, spasms, or congenital malformations \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 5)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA)}} & Measures bone mineral density; Spine \& hip are most often assessed on a central DXA; Calculates T-score (0= healthy, -1 to -2.5= osteopenia, \& \textless{}-2.5= osteporosis \tn 
% Row Count 38 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Dysphagia}} & Difficulty swallowing \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{ECG/EKG}} & A recording of the electrical current generated by the heart during depolarization \& repolarization; Test results are interpreted for HR \& rhythm, lack of blood supply, abnormalities of conduction system, \& arrhythmias \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 11)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Guaiac-based Fecal Occult Blood Test}} & Tests for blood in the stool; more likely to yeild a false positive than fecal immunochemical test due to requiring an active component of guaiac \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 8)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Hemoptysis}} & The presence of blood in the sputum \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hypercapnia}} & Abnormally high levels of CO\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} in the blood (\textgreater{}45 mmHg in arterial blood), may have respiratory depression when supplemental oxygen levels are too high \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hyperlipidemia}} & Elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, or both \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Hyperventilation}} & Over-expansion of the lungs, characterized by rapid \& deep breaths; CO\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} levels increase \& alkalosis happens \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Hypoventilation}} & Under-expansion of the lungs, characterized by shallow, slow respirations \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Ischemia}} & Reduced blood flow \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Kwashiorkor}} & Lack of protein accompanied by fluid retention \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Macronutrients}} & Nutrients that are needed in large amounts \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Marasmus}} & A protein \& caloric deficiency \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Mean Arterial Pressure}} & Factors that influence MAP include: Total blood volume (viscosity), Cardiac output (HR x Stroke volume), \& Size \& integrity of the vascular bed, especially in capillaries \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Metabolism}} & The process of chemically changing nutrients, such as fats \& proteins, into end products that are used to meet the energy needs of the body or stored for future use, thereby helping maintain homeostasis \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Micronutrients}} & Nutrients that are needed by the body in limited amounts \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 36
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Osteomalacia}} & Bone loss \& softening caused by lack of calcification; Cause = lack of vit D \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
% Row 37
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Osteoporosis}} & Chronic disease of cellular regulation in which bone loss causes significant decreased density \& possible fracture; Caused by: lack of Ca\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} \& estrogen or testosterone \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 9)
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Peripheral Artery Disease}} & Is a result of systemic atherosclerosis; Is a chronic condition in which partial or total arterial occlusion decreases perfusion to the extremities \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Peripheral Vascular Disease}} & Includes disorders that change the natural flow of blood through the arteries and veins of the peripheral circulation, causing decreased perfusion to body tissues; is an umbrella term \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Peristalsis}} & Wavelike muscular movement through the digestive tract \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 41
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Postural Drainage}} & A therapeutic way to position a patient to use gravity to help mobilize respiratory tract secretions; Improves ventilation \& perfusion \& normalizes the functional residual capacity of the lungs \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 10)
% Row 42
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Preload}} & The degree of myocardial fiber stretch at the end of diastole \& just before contraction; Is determined by the amount of blood returning to the heart from both sides \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 9)
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 43
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Pulse Deficit}} & When a patient's radial pulse is slower than the apical pulse because of cardiac contractions that are weak or ineffective at pumping blood to the peripheral tissues \& extremities \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 44
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Pulse Intensity}} & The strength of the pulse with each beat; Described as normal (able to palpate with normal pressure), diminished (weaker than expected/difficult to palpate), absent (unable to palpate), or bounding (may be able to see pulsation; does not disappear with palpation); rated on a scale of 0-3 with 0 being absent \& 3 being Bounding \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 17)
% Row 45
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Pulse Pressure}} & The difference between the systolic \& diastolic values \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
% Row 46
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Renin-Angiotensin System}} & Regulates BP \& fluid balance through vasoconstriction \& excretion or reabsorption of sodium \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 5)
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Need to Know Vocab (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 47
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Sequential Compression Devices}} & Inflatable sleeves that wrap around the legs of patients \& are attached to an air source that inflates \& deflates, creating a massaging action for the lower extremities \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 48
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Stroke Volume}} & The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle during each contraction; A decrease in SV can result from an increase in afterload without the benefit of compensatory mechanisms, thus leading to a decrease in cardiac output \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 12)
% Row 49
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Tachypnea}} & Increased respiratory rate of \textgreater{}24 BPM in an adult with quick shallow breaths \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.508 cm} x{2.432 cm} x{2.66 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oxygenation Devices}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Device}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Flow Rate}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Percentage of Oxygen}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Simple Nasal Cannula}} & 1 L/min & 24\% \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 2 L/min & 28\% \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 3 L/min & 32\% \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 4 L/min & 36\% \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 5 L/min & 40\% \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 6 L/min & 44\% \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Simple Face Mask}} & 5 L/min & 40\% \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 6 L/min & 45\% \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 7 L/min & 50\% \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 8 L/min & 55\% \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \textgreater{}8 L/min & 60\% \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Partial Rebreather Mask}} & 6-15 L/min & 70-90\% \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Trach Mask}} & Similar to Nasal Cannula &  \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Face Tent & Rate \& Oxygen \% Vary &  \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
Venturi Mask & 4-12 L/min & 24-60\% \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
High-Flow Nasal Cannula & 20-60 L/min & Up to 100\% \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Nonrebreather} Mask & 10-15 L/min & 60-100\% \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4.8 cm} x{3.2 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Morse Fall Scale}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Item}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Scale}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
1. History of falling; immediate or within 3 months & No - 0 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Yes - 25 \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
2. Secondary diagnosis & No - 0 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Yes - 15 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
3. Ambulatory aid & Bed rest/nurse assist - 0 \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{Crutches/cane/walker} - 15 \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Furniture - 30 \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
4. IV/Heparin Lock & No - 0 \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Yes - 20 \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
5. Gait/Transferring & \seqsplit{Normal/bedrest/immobile} - 0 \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Weak - 10 \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Impaired - 20 \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
6. Mental status & Oriented to own ability - 0 \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Forgets limitations - 15 \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Low Risk = 0-24; Moderate Risk = 25-44; High Risk = 45+}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Braden Scale}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Sensory Perception}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Moisture}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Activity}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Mobility}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Nutrition}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Friction \& Shear}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{To be placed at moderate risk a patient must score 12-14, to be placed at low risk a patient must score 15-16}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.44 cm} x{4.56 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pressure Injury Stages}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Stage}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Characteristics}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Stage 1}} & Intact, nonblistered skin with nonblanchable erythema, or persistent redness in area that has been exposed to pressure \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Stage 2}} & Partial thickness wound that involves epidermis \&/or dermis, but does not extend below the level of the dermis \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Stage 3}} & Full thickness wound that extends into the subcutaneous tissue, but does not extend through the fascia to bone, muscle, or connective tissue \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 7)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Stage 4}} & Full thickness wound, but deeper than stage 3; involves exposure of muscle, bone, or connective tissue \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Unstageable}} & Full thickness wound where the amount of necrotic tissue in th wound bed makes it impossible to asses the depth of the wound or any involvement of underlying structures \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.44 cm} x{4.56 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pressure Injury Stages (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Suspected Deep Tissue injury}} & An area of intact skin that is purple/maroon or a blood filled blister; The true depth of damage is not readily apparent on initial inspection \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{5.28 cm} x{2.72 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Normal Ranges for  Vital Signs}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Vital Sign}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Range}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Pulse}} & 60-100 bpm \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Temperature}} & 96.4-99.6\textasciicircum{}o\textasciicircum{}F \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Respirations}} & 12-20 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Oxygen Saturation}} & \textgreater{}95\% \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Systolic Blood Pressure}} & 90-\textless{}120 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Diastolic Blood Presure}} & 60-\textless{}80 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.596 cm} x{4.636 cm} x{1.368 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Glasgow Coma Scale}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Response}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Level of Arousal}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Points}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Eye Opening}} & Spontaneous & 4 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & To verbal command & 3 \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & To pain & 2 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & None & 1 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Verbal}} & Oriented & 5 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Confused but able to answer questions & 4 \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Inappropriate responses, words discernible & 3 \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Incomprehensible speech & 2 \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & None & 1 \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Motor}} & Obeys Commands & 6 \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Purposeful movement to painful stimulus & 5 \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Withdrawals from pain & 4 \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Abnormal (spastic) flexion, decorticate posture & 3 \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Extensor rigid response, decerebrate posture & 2 \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
 & None & 1 \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{Fully alert \& oriented people score 15 pts. A score of \textless{}7 reflects a patient who is comatose.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.08 cm} x{2.088 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Breath Sounds}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Breath Sound}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Character}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Association}}}} & {\bf{{\emph{Site}}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Crackles (coarse)}} & \seqsplit{Lower-pitched}, coarse, rattling sounds caused by fluid or secretions in large airways; likely to change with coughing or suctioning & Bronchitis, pneumonia, tumors, pulmonary edema & Right \& left lung bases \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 12)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Crackles (fine)}} & Popping, \seqsplit{discontinuous} sounds caused by air moving into previously deflated airways; sounds like hair being rolled between fingers near the ear; "Velcro" sounds late in \seqsplit{inspiration} usually associated with \seqsplit{restrictive} disorders & Asbestosis, \seqsplit{atelectasis}, \seqsplit{interstitial} fibrosis, bronchitis, pneumonia, chronic pulmonary disease & Right \& left lung bases \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 21)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.08 cm} x{2.088 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Breath Sounds (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Pleural \seqsplit{Friction} Rub}} & Loud, rough, grating, scratching sounds caused by the inflamed surfaces of the pleura rubbing together; often associated with pain on deep \seqsplit{inspirations;} heard in lateral lung fields & Pleurisy, TB, pulmonary infarction, pneumonia, lung cancer & Anterior lateral thorax \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 17)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Rhonchi}} & \seqsplit{Lower-pitched}, coarse, continous snoring sound; arise from the large airways; both \seqsplit{inspiration} \& expiration & Thick tenacious secretions, sputum production, \seqsplit{obstruction} by a foreign body, tumors & Over the trachea \& bronchi, but can be referred to all lung fields \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 10)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Stridor}} & Intense, \seqsplit{high-pitched} \& continuous monophonic wheeze or crowing sound, loudest during \seqsplit{inspiration} when airways collapse due to lower internal lumen pressure; often heard without the aid of a \seqsplit{stethoscope} & Turbulent airflow in upper airway, may be indicative of serious airway \seqsplit{obstruction} from epiglottis, croup, a foreign body lodged in the airway, or a laryngeal tumor & Trachea \& large airways \tn 
% Row Count 46 (+ 19)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.08 cm} x{2.088 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Breath Sounds (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Wheeze}} & Squeaking, musical, continuous sounds associated with air rushing through narrowed airways, may be heard without \seqsplit{stethoscope}, Arise from the small airways, Usually do not clear with coughing, Heard on expiration & \seqsplit{Inflammation}, \seqsplit{bronchospasm} (bronchial asthma), edema, secretions, pulmonary vessel \seqsplit{engorgement} (as in cardiac "asthma") & All lung fields \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 20)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.8 cm} x{5.2 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pain}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Chronic Pain}}}} & Postoperative pain that persists \textgreater{}3 months \& pain (not following surgery) lasting \textgreater{}6 months; It interferes with daily functioning \& is accompanied by distress on a continuing basis \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Acute Pain}}}} & Lasts \textless{}3-6 months, depending on specific circumstances can be caused by a pH alteration, which results in depletion of oxygen to tissue, pressure on tissues, over stretching of body cavities with fluid or air, or external injury to tissues \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 10)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Referred Pain}}}} & Originates in 1 area but hurts in another area, such as pain from a myocardial infarction \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Radiating Pain}}}} & Extends from the source to an adjacent are of the body; Ex: GERD- pain in stomach radiates up the esophagus \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Visceral Pain}}}} & Arises from the organs of the body \& occurs in conditions such as appendicitis, pancreatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, bladder distention, \& cancer \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.8 cm} x{5.2 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pain (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Somatic Pain}}}} & Results from injury to skin, muscles, bones, \& joints. Occurs in conditions such as sunburn, lacerations, fractures, sprains, arthritis, \& bone cancer \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Neuropathic Pain}}}} & Results from nerve injury, \& the pain continues even after the painful stimuli are gone \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{{\emph{Phantom Pain}}}} & Occurs when the brain continues to recieve messages from the area of an amputation \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{{\emph{Psychogenic Pain}}}} & Pain that is perceived by an individual but has no physical cause \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}