\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{LittleGremlin (LittleGremlin)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (bu395-midterm-2.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (LittleGremlin (LittleGremlin))
  /Subject (BU395 Midterm 2 Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
\addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm}
\addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm}
\addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm}
\addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns
\setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content
\setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
\definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A8A8A8}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F4F4F4}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{BU395 Midterm 2 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{LittleGremlin (LittleGremlin)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/38991/cs/12161/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}LittleGremlin (LittleGremlin) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/littlegremlin} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 24th June, 2017.\\
   Updated 24th June, 2017.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 12 : Reorder Inventory}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Order Notation (Interval and Quantity)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{d}} - average demand (daily, weekly or monthly) & s – variable ordering costs (per SKU) & S – fixed order processing costs \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
z – safety stock factor – number of std deviations above expected demand & n – number of SKUs purchased from the supplier & D(j) – annual demand of SKU(j) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
LT – lead time (daily, weekly or monthly) & n – number of SKUs purchased from the supplier & OI – order interval (time between orders) (daily, weekly or monthly) \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
σ(d) – standard deviation of daily, weekly or monthly demand & i – annual holding cost rate & R(j) – unit cost per SKU(j) \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 12 Notes}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Reorder Point:}}}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- The inventory level that triggers a replacement order \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
- Assumes that both demand \& lead times are constant \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
If demand is not constant; extra inventory to act as insurance against a shortage (Safety Stock)  \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
{\emph{Factors affecting SS requirements:}} \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
-Variability of demand \& lead times \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
- Desired service level  \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 1)
{\emph{Leads Time Service Levels}} \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 1)
- probability that demand will not be greater than supply during LT \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2)
- equal to LT fill rate = (1-(number short/lead time demand)) \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 2)
{\emph{Annual Service Level}} = 1-(number short/order cycle demand)  \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 2)
Both assume that demand is normally distributed during a lead time  \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 2)
- safety stocks can be calculated as the area under the curve measure by the number of sd from the expected demand (look up this probability on the Z-score Table Sheet \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 4)
{\emph{Fixed Order Interval/Order Up To Level Model}} \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 1)
- used when orders are placed at fixed intervals with the amount of the order changed adjusted to bring inventory up to a pre-determined level \newline % Row Count 27 (+ 3)
-common method with wholesalers who hold many SKUs in stock to meet retailer demand \newline % Row Count 29 (+ 2)
- characterized by the grouping of orders to minimize shipping costs \newline % Row Count 31 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 12 Notes (cont)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- some cases, it may be useful to simply retain a pre-scheduled fixed order interval \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
{\bf{{\emph{Order Up To Level}}}} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
The amount of good that should be sufficient to last until the next order arrives.  \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
The order quantity is the difference between the {\emph{order up level (IMAX)}} and the quantity of the good still on hand at the time of order placement. \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 3)
{\emph{fixed order interval}} method needs safety stocks (protection against outages) during the order interval which is greater than the safety stocks required for the {\emph{fixed quantity order}} method (EOQ/ROP) which only needs shortage protection during the order lead time. \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 6)
assumes demand variability but will assume that lead time is constant and not subject to variability.% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 13: Aggregate Operations Planning}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Long term}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- Deal with product matrix (what you are going to make) \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
- Location \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
- Size of facilities \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
- Size and scale of machinery or production systems \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
- Product flow (layout) \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
{\emph{Medium term}} \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
- Long term decisions determine the limits within which  \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
     medium term decisions must be made \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
- Employment levels \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
- Output capacity \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
- Inventory levels and capacities \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
{\emph{Short term}} \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
- Medium term decisions determine the confines within which short term decisions can be made \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 2)
- Scheduling of production shifts and labour needs \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 2)
- Manufacturing schedules which include run sizes, product sequencing \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 2)
{\emph{Definition}}: links sales forecasts to production (capacity) planning \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 2)
{\emph{Goals}} Satisfy anticipated consumer demand at lowest possible cost (use efficiency)  \newline % Row Count 26 (+ 2)
- inventory appropriate amount of inputs  \newline % Row Count 27 (+ 1)
- Allocate an adequate amount of labour \newline % Row Count 28 (+ 1)
- Maintain sufficient level of finished goods stocks% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 13: AOP Demand Influencing Options}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. {\bf{Price}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- Re-issuance of price lists can have a direct effect  on how much product is demanded \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
- Differential pricing to shift demand from peak periods to periods of lower demand \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
2. {\bf{Promotion}} \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
- Temporary price discounts to encourage demand (product introductions) \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
- Advertising incentives \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
- Bonus product offerings (inclusion of sample pkg of another good) \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
- BOGO programs \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
3. {\bf{Early orders}} \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
4. {\bf{Backorders}} \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
- Advance orders placed in one period for delivery in the next period \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 2)
-{}-\textgreater{}Allows producer to even out production by filling up production in periods of lower demand \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 2)
5. {\bf{Exporting}} \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 1)
6. {\bf{Development of Complementary Products}} \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
- Complementary products fill out production schedules and expand product lines \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 2)
- Design plant to meet peak season demand and then use complementary products to fill in the gaps during the off-season% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 13: Capacity Options}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{1.Determining permanent workforce level}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
(hiring and firing of workers) \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
{\emph{Implications of laying off workers}} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
- Demoralized workforce – workers hate uncertainty \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
      and workers are just like the rest of us – they need \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
      to buy groceries, pay rent and live \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
- Can create animosity between direct labour and management \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 2)
- Increased costs - severance pay \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 1)
- Could negatively impact product quality \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
{\emph{Hurdles with hiring new workers}} \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
- Recruitment costs \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
- Costs of training and orientation \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
- May be difficult to find skilled workers during  \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 2)
       labour shortages \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 1)
{\emph{Callback Issues}} \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 1)
- Assumes workers are waiting  for your call \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
- Firms do have the option to keep workers during slowdowns to avoid some of these risks \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 2)
{\bf{2. Use of Overtime and Idle Time Strategies}} \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 1)
{\emph{Implications of overtime}} \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 1)
- Can be implemented quickly \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 1)
- Incentive for some workers \newline % Row Count 26 (+ 1)
- Increased payroll costs \newline % Row Count 27 (+ 1)
- Can induce worker fatigue \newline % Row Count 28 (+ 1)
{\emph{Advantages and disadvantages of  utilizing idle time}} \newline % Row Count 30 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 13: Capacity Options (cont)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Inefficient use of labour (i.e. they are not producing) \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
- Can help long-term goals with enhanced worker skills training \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
- Provides opportunity for scheduled maintenance \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
{\bf{3.  Use of Temporary Workers}} \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
- Flexibility \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
- Suited to lower skilled jobs such as packaging as opposed to machine operation \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
- Costs less – lower wages and no benefits \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 1)
- Very useful approach in seasonal industries such as tourism and restaurant businesses – can also be used in manufacturing plants as fill-in for summer vacations \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 4)
{\bf{4. Stockpiling Inventories of Finished Goods}} \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
- Stock build-up during periods that precede periods of high demand (limited productive capacity) \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 2)
- Costs include the financing costs of additional inventory and the costs of occupying and managing additional warehouse space \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 3)
- Runs the risk of increased product spoilage \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 1)
{\bf{5. Subcontracting}}% Row Count 22 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 13: Basic AOP Strategies}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Option 1 – Level  Output – Workforce Strategy}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
- Maintain steady workforce and hopefully a constant flow of output \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
- Uses inventory buildup \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
-{}-\textgreater{} To ensure employment during periods of slow demand \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
-{}-\textgreater{} Provide stocks of product to meet demand during periods of higher demand \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
-{}-\textgreater{} In some cases, assumes that demand can be satisfied by the use of backordering system  \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
- Assumes that product has a shelf life suitable for storage \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2)
{\bf{Option 2 – Chase Demand Strategy}} \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
- Change output to match demand for period at hand \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 2)
- Planned output = forecast demand \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 1)
- Permanent workforce numbers dictated by low period demand \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 2)
- Reduced inventory levels \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
{\bf{Option 3 – Mixed Strategy}}  \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 1)
{\bf{{\emph{Factors Affecting Strategy Choice}}}} \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 1)
{\bf{Company Policies}} (or union agreement restrictions) on the number of part-time employees \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 2)
{\bf{Costs}} \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 1)
- Keeping too many permanent employees on payroll (with benefits) will increase costs during off-peak demand periods \newline % Row Count 28 (+ 3)
{\bf{Company Philosophy}} \newline % Row Count 29 (+ 1)
- Many small companies that are privately owned will keep employees on payroll during periods of reduced production as matter of conscience, loyalty to their employees and out of a genuine belief in community responsibility% Row Count 34 (+ 5)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 14: Key Requirements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{BOM}} that identifies the dependent parts needs for one unit of finished good. A listing of all raw materials, sub assemblies and parts.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Master Production Schedule}} (MPS) to determine how much will be made and when it will be made.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A list of any {\bf{existing inventory}} of each good on the BOM.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Estimated {\bf{lead time requirements}} for individual components (from suppliers).} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{A list of any {\bf{existing open orders}} for any of the components needed to avoid duplication.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 14: Special Types of BOM}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Planning bill}} (aka pseudo bill or kit) a combination of several BOMs \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
- Used in the planning for the production of goods that have minor different options.  \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
{\bf{Modular bill}} a BOM for a module; ie. Space Station Habitation Unit \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
- Used when a product is comprised of several modules. Objective is to reduce the number of BOM that would be required for a finished good containing modules that have optional subcomponents \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 4)
{\bf{Phantom bill}} (aka transient bill) for items not usually kept in inventory \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 2)
- Used for a part of sub-assembly that is not often ordered. Makes ordering easier when the part is needed. Lead time is not a consideration% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 14: MRP Processing}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Gross Requirement}} Quantity of an input required without regard to inventory on hand or parts in transit \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
{\bf{Scheduled Receipt}} An order that has been placed but not yet received \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
{\bf{Projected On-hand (Inventory)}} Amount of a part that is expected to be on hand at the beginning of production. It includes any scheduled receipts plus any inventory leftover from the last production run of finished good \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 5)
{\bf{Net Requirement}} The actual amount required in a time period% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 14: Other Terms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Lot-for-lot ordering:}} Determine orders based on requirements} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Lot-size ordering:}} planned receipts may exceed net requirements} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Planned-Order Receipt}}: Quantity of an order to be received at the beginning of a period} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Planned-Order Release:}} Quantity planned to be released (purchased) at the beginning of a period. Planned-order release = planned-order receipt adjusted for lead time} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Pegging:}} prcoess of identitifying the end product(s) manufactured from a specific part or input. Important in firms with many parts.} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 14: Maintaining an Updated MRP}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Regenerative MRPs}} are synonymous with periodic revision where accumulated changes to materials requirements are updated in a batch-type format \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
- Runs the risk of being out of synch with current activity on the shop floor \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
- Best suited to environments where there typically are not a lot of crucial changes \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
- One way around this is to use a day as the time bucket \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
- Processing costs are typically less using regenerative MRP \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
{\bf{Net-Change MRPs}} are constantly being revised to address ongoing changes \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2)
- Provide more up-to-date information \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
- The entire plan would not be regenerated \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
- Typically seen in firms where there are  steady streams of changes to in process schedules \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 2)
{\bf{System Nervousness}} – Even small changes to an item at the top of the BOM Tree can have large effects on the parts down the tree \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 3)
Problematic if it results in changes in purchase or shop orders \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 2)
Similar to "bullwhip effect" \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 1)
A solution could be to freeze the MPS for near future \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 2)
{\bf{Backflushing}} – this is nothing more than a method to check usage and to compare what has been estimated to have been used against what is left on hand% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 14: Lot Sizing Method}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Fixed-Interval Ordering}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- FIO sets an arbitrary order period that matches cumulative demand \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
- Sometimes the span is arbitrary \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
-{}-\textgreater{} Ie. In the food industry, someone who has worked there for a while, they can make a guess as to how much they will need.  \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 3)
- Sometimes a review of historical demand patterns may lead to a more rational designation \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
-{}-\textgreater{} If they have steady demand, they can expect the same order each week (even though the demand will actually change)  \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 3)
{\bf{Part-Period Method}} \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
- PPM attempts to balance holding and ordering costs \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 2)
- Refers to holding a part or parts over a number of periods \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 2)
e.g. 10 parts held for two periods comprise 20 part periods  \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 2)
- EPP (Economic Part Period) is calculated as: \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
- EPP = Ordering(or setup) costs \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 1)
           Holding cost per period \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 1)
{\emph{Solution Method}} – various order sizes corresponding to various cumulative demands are examined and each one's number of part periods is determined. The one that comes closest to the EPP is the one chosen% Row Count 27 (+ 5)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CH 14: Primary \& Secondary MRP Reports}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Primary (Active) Reports}}  \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
{\emph{Immediate Order Releases}} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
Authorization for the execution of week one planned-order releases \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
{\emph{Planned order releases indicate the amount and timing of future orders}} \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
The amount of items that you will be ordering/producing  \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
{\emph{Reports that detail changes (revisions to due dates and quantities) to ongoing material resource plans}} \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 3)
Any changes that are made will be reflected in this report \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2)
{\bf{Secondary (Analysis) Reports}} \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
{\emph{Performance Control Reports}} that evaluate how well the MRP is working in terms of missed orders, stock-outs etc. \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 3)
{\emph{Demand History Reports}} that are useful in forecasting future dependent demand requirements% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}