\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{Leaves}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (linux-command.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Leaves)
  /Subject (Linux Command Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
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\addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm}
\addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm}
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\setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
\definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{5849BF}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F4F3FB}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Linux Command Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Leaves} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/71639/cs/18184/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Leaves \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/leaves} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 8th December, 2018.\\
   Updated 8th December, 2018.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{文件操作}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
ls & 显示 \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
ls -l & 详细显示 \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
ls -a & \seqsplit{显示（包括隐藏文件）} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
cp \{scr\} \{dest\} & 拷贝文件 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
rm & 删除文件 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
rm -r & 删除目录 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
cat & 输出文件原始内容 \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
touch & 创建或更新文件 \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
any\_cmd \textgreater{} \{fn\} & \seqsplit{执行任意命令并将标准输出重定向到指定文件} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
head & 显示文件头10行 \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
tail & 显示文件尾部10行 \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
diff \{f1\} \{f2\} & 比较两个文件内容 \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
wc \{fn\} & \seqsplit{统计文件有多少行，多少单词，多少字母} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
chmod 644 \{fn\} & 修改文件权限 \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
grep & \seqsplit{匹配文件中字符（串）} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
stat & 显示文件详细情形 \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.64 cm} x{5.36 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{输出/输入/重定向}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
cmd1 | cmd2 & \seqsplit{管道，cmd1的标准输出接到cmd2的标准输入} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\textless{} file & \seqsplit{将文件内容重定向为命令的标准输入} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textgreater{} file & \seqsplit{将命令的标准输出重定向到文件，会覆盖文件} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\textgreater{}\textgreater{} file & \seqsplit{同上，但追加不覆盖文件} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textless{}\textgreater{} file & \seqsplit{同时使用该文件作为标准输入和标准输出} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\textless{}\&- & 关闭标准输入 \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textgreater{}\&- & 关闭标准输出 \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
diff \textless{}(cmd1) \textless{}(cmd2) & \seqsplit{比较两个命令的输出} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{进程管理}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
ps & 查看当前会话进程 \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
ps aux & \seqsplit{查看所有进程详细信息} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
kill \{pid\} & 结束进程 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
kill -9 \{pid\} & 强制结束进程 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
top & 查看最活跃的进程 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{any\_command\} \& & 在后台运行命令 \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
CTRL+Z & \seqsplit{将当前进程挂到后台} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
jobs & 查看所有后台进程 \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
bg & \seqsplit{查看后台进程，并切换过去} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
fg & \seqsplit{切换后台进程到前台} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
fg \{jobs\} & \seqsplit{切换特定后台进程到前台} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
disown & \seqsplit{将进程从后台任务列表(job)移除} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
wait & \seqsplit{等待所有后台进程任务结束} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.64 cm} x{5.36 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{目录操作}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
cd - & 回到之前的目录 \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
mkdir \{dirname\} & 创建目录 \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
pushd \{dirname\} & \seqsplit{目录压榨并进入新目录} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
popd & \seqsplit{弹出并进入栈顶的目录} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
dirs -v & 列出当前目录栈 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.96 cm} x{5.04 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SSH/系统信息}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
ssh user@host & \seqsplit{以用户user登陆到远程主机host} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
scp \{fn\} \seqsplit{user@host:path} & \seqsplit{拷贝文件到远程主机} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
scp \seqsplit{user@host:path} dest & \seqsplit{从远程主机拷贝文件回来} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
uname & 显示系统版本号 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
uptime & 查看系统启动时间 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
data & 显示日期 \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
cal & 显示日历 \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
vmstat & \seqsplit{显示内存和CPU使用情况} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
vmstat 10 & \seqsplit{每10秒打印一次mem与cpu使用情况} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
free & \seqsplit{显示内存和交换区使用情况} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
wget \{url\} & \seqsplit{下载文件并输出到标准输出(不保存)} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
sz \{file\} & 发送文件到终端 \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
rz & \seqsplit{接受终端发送过来的文件} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.56 cm} x{5.44 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{用户管理}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
whoami & 显示用户名 \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
passwd & 修改密码 \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
adduser \{user\} & 添加用户 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
deluser \{user\} & 删除用户 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
su & 切换到root用户 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
su \{user\} & 切换到某用户 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
sudo \{command\} & 以root权限执行 \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
write \{user\} & 向用户发送信息 \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
last & \seqsplit{显示最近用户登陆列表} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.52 cm} x{4.48 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{cut文本处理}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
cut -c 1-16 & \seqsplit{截取每行头16个字符} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
cut -c 1-16 file & \seqsplit{截取指定文件中每行头16个字符} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
cut -c3- & \seqsplit{截取每行从第3个字符开始到行末尾的内容} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
cut -d':' -f5 & \seqsplit{截取用冒号分割的第五列内容} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
cut -d';' -f2,10 & \seqsplit{截取用分号分割的第二和第十列内容} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
cut -d' ' -f3-7 & \seqsplit{截取空格分隔的3到7列} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
echo "hello" | cut -c1-3 & 显示hel \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
echo "hello sir" | cut -d' ' -f2 & 显示sir \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}