\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{lalax0} \pdfinfo{ /Title (anatony2.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (lalax0) /Subject (anatony2 Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A3A3A3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F3F3F3} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{anatony2 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{lalax0} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/20166/cs/3012/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}lalax0 \\ \uline{cheatography.com/lalax0} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Published 10th December, 2014.\\ Updated 11th May, 2016.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{4} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter1}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}histology:microscopic anatomy cytology: study of cells phsyciology: study of diseases\textasciicircum{} \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2) \textasciicircum{}2. begin with subatomic partices: atom molecules macromolecules organelles tissues organs systems organisms\textasciicircum{} \textasciicircum{}3 two organs in lymphatic and nervous system: lymphatic tonsils/spleen protects from disease nervous brain/spinal cord direct stimuli\textasciicircum{} \textasciicircum{}4definehomeostasis range of values where ife exists post increase rateofchange neg reversal trend 4 name and planes transverse horizontal, frontal coronal, saggital front, 5 three body cavities throacic pleura, heart pericardial, lung peritoneal 6 mediastium in pleura cavity seperate left and right lung reduces friction lung expans/recoils 7diff diagnostic ct computed tomography 3d images of body mri magnetic resonance imagery different organ dstructures\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 17 (+ 15) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter2}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1.whattypeofbondisbetweensrRa none sr is cation 4.reactwithoneanother? to become more stable 5.twostrongchemicabonds ionic, covalent 6.twoweak hydrogen, van der wall 7. oilinwater oil is hydrophobic and nonpolar more attracted to self than water molecules 8. categories of lipids fat oils waxes fattyacids\&glycerides\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 7 (+ 7) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter3}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1definegeneralendothermic atp creates po4turns into adp 2. eicosanoids response to inflammation \seqsplit{1prostaglandin2leutiotriem} 3 sterol 6665 estrogen, testosterone, cholesterol, cortiso 4phospholipid phostphatethatbonds a diglyceride to a nonlipid 1glycolipid 2 lipoprotien 5basic protein primary-aa sequence secondary-pleatedhelical tertiary-complex folidng quatenary-groups of 3d 6.cofact\&coenzyme cof=mineral ce=vitamins 7. denaturization change in structure of enzyme/changeintempPH yes, if not too much damage has been done 8.nucleic acid dna-doublehelix has agct RNA-singestrangded has u instead of t 9.metabolic turnover removal of chemical structures in a ce 1phospholipids in neuron 2. enzymes in liver \seqsplit{10.phosphorylation\&cellular} energy phos is the adding of a phosphate E+adp+po4-{}-{}-atp 11.omega fatty is an unsaturated fatty acid named from the left 13. cellmembrane po4==po4c phospholipid=backbone protein=transport ch20=ID cholestrol=flexibility\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 20 (+ 20) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter4}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1.cellularrespirationw/ooxygen anaerobic pyruvate can be used or lacticacid-{}-atp for cell funx 2.proteinsynthesis translation-mRna+rhibosomes+trna\textgreater{}protein transcription gene\textgreater{}mrna 3.movementcellmembrane determiedby permeability diffusion is passive process and will move from high c to low con. 4.difftumors benign-cell within repithelium nonthreat malignant spreads invasion deadly 1rapidly divide 2diapedesis into bV 3attack to vessel wall 4reverse diapedisis 5angiogensis \seqsplit{5.differentiationstemcell} stem cell=mesenchymal or daughtercell fxn sc replace damaged tissue\&make new 6.activetransport unequal concentration kkk na+na+na+ needs an ion to move 7. cellular division 1interphase-dupedna 2prophase-mvnt chromosome opposite side nucleus 3metaphase-chromo center of nucleus 4anaphase-seperchromoso 5telophase-dupecytoplasm,cytokensesis 8.epithelial cells 1cellularity 2polarity 3attachement 4regeneration 9. typesepithelial squamous o protect skin stratified, cuboidal cube absorb/secrete kidney simple, columnar (same) small intes simple\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 21 (+ 21) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter5}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}2.transitionalepithelium3loc unsual stratified epithelium w/o damage -urinarybladder, ureters, renal pelvis 3.matrix? extracellular and grand substance of a connective tissue 6.typesofleukocytes monocytes:phagocytes lymphocytes: fluid CT eosinophils,neutrophils,basophils:promoteinflammat 8.satellitecell stem cells that persist in adult skeletal muscle, result smt can repair itself 9.threeprocesses mast cellactivation, inflammation, regeneration 10. typesofmuscles \textasciicircum{} \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 10) \textasciicircum{}straition,icdisc,branch,neuro sk x-{}-ach smooxxx ache/e card-{}-{}-\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 12 (+ 2) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter6}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1. list4fuxnskin 1protect of tissues/organs 2excretions of salts/water 3storagelipids 4detection of senses vitamind promotes absorp of calcium blood+liver\textgreater{}kidney\textgreater{}actie vit d\textgreater{}gut\textgreater{}ca2+ absorption 2. layersofepidermis 1corneum-thick, thin skin 2lucideum-thick skin palm/sole \seqsplit{3granuloum-superificaltospin} 4spinosum-superbasal 5basal-innermost epidermal layer 3.skincancer malignant melanoma,basal,squamous 4.abcd asym,bord,colo,diameter 5.2fxnegf 1duodenum, salivary glands 2accelerating production of keratin -stimulatin epidermal develop 6.stretchmarks exceeded elastin fibers 7.hairs vellus-peach terminal-coarse 8.sebaceous lubricate skin, waterproofskin,defenseagainstdisease 9.2sweatglands apocrine-secrete productintohairfollicle merocrine-secrete onto skin 10.granulationtissue fibrobast\textgreater{}macrophage\textgreater{}capillarynetwork cell 12.injuryrepairsequence 1invasionofmasscells 2bloodclotforms 3growthbasal cell 4basal cell adhere to 5phagocytic cell 6healingscab \seqsplit{8.primarysecondaryintention} 1w/suturetoptobottom 2w/osuturebottomup\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 21 (+ 21) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter7}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1.6typesofbone 1long-femur 2short-scaphoid 3flat-scapulae 4irregular-hyoid 5sesamoid-patella 6sutural-cranial 3.matrix comesfrombonemarrow, called hydroxyapatite 4.spongybone trabeculae 5.twoossification \seqsplit{intracartilagenous-bonereplacescartilage} \seqsplit{intramembranous-bonedevelopsfrommesenchymal/} fibrousct \seqsplit{6.homeostasisbloodcalcium} parathyroid pth and calitonin help regulate \seqsplit{calcitonin-thyroid-inhibit} osteoc, stimul osteob (vbcl) pth-parathyroid-opposite 7.6fractures 1transverse-breakshaft 2greenstick-broken,bent 3displaced-misalignment 4spiral-twisted 5potts-twobreak 6cottes-distal displacedhardest 8.rickets\&scurvy r-bone malasia looksfinebutflexibl \seqsplit{scurvy-lossofbonemass/strength} 9.tmj musclespasm\textgreater{}misalginment\textgreater{}pain\textgreater{} musclespasm 10.3sinuses 1frontal 2sphenoid 3ethenoid 1immunology 2lightenskullbone 3humidifier 11.fasle rib ribsnotattachedtosternum 8-12 12.mfpelvis apperance inlet illiac m-narrow, heart shaped, deep f-braod, oval, shallow\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 19 (+ 19) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter8}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1.clubfoot \seqsplit{congenitaltalipesequinovarus} cx abnormal muscle devleopm tx cast,surgery 2.3typesofjoints \seqsplit{norange-synarthorosis-fibriouscartildge-suture} \seqsplit{some-amp-fibrcart-syndesmasis\&symphasysis} free-di-synovial-hip 4.3fxnsynovialfluid 1lubrication 2nutrientdistribution \seqsplit{3shockabsorption-cushionjointexposedtoshock} 5.sprain/strain sp-ligament torn st-lig stretched 6.bunion\&bursa bunion-baseofbigtoe bursa-degenerativejoint disease bursistionoftoeisbunion 7.4typesofsynoviajoint 1hinge-monoaxial-anke 2pivot-mono-radial \seqsplit{saddle-bi-carpometacarpal} \seqsplit{4ball-socket-triaxial-hip} 8.probsivdisc \seqsplit{slippeddisc-nucleuspomposis} compressed, distortsanularfibrosis, partway vertebral canal herniated disc-nucleuspomposis breaksthru anular fibrosis portrudes vertebralcanal 9.3ligamentseblow 1radialcollateral 2ulnalcol 3anular 10.3lighip 1iliofemoral 2ishiofemora 3pubofemoral 11.diseasesaffectjoint 1rheumatoid \seqsplit{arthristis-autoimmuneattacksjointcapsule} \seqsplit{2gouty-uricacidinsynovialfluid} 3osteoarthritis-degenerativejointdisease\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 21 (+ 21) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter9}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1.neurotransmittermuscles ach-skeletal \seqsplit{epinepherine-cardiac/smooth} 2.5fxnskeletalmuscle 1producesskeletalmvm 2maintainsbodypost 3mainbodytemp 4protectsofttissue 5guardsentrancesexits \seqsplit{4.embryonicdevlpmuscletissue} \seqsplit{stemcell-tissue=myoblastmyoblast-embryonic} 5.m/uofmuscletriad 2terminal cisternae 1t-tubule impulses run down ttubule into SR which release ca2+ and contraction begin \seqsplit{7.nebulin-proteinholdfactinstrandtogether} \seqsplit{titin-keepthick/thinfilamentproperalignment} \seqsplit{factin-bindedtomyosintoenduremusclecontract} 8.n/tdescribemusclecont 1achreleased 2polaritychanged 3ca2+released 4cabindtotroponin, \seqsplit{change/forceawaytropomyosin}, \seqsplit{leaveactivesiteopenonactin} 5actin-myosinbind 9.twitch-contr/relax \seqsplit{treppe-stimulation\&increase} immediately after refractory period 10. \seqsplit{summation-stimb4therefractoryperiodends} teatnus-maximumforce \seqsplit{11.cpaffectmusclecontraction} -donates phosphate to adp creates atp atp help binds extend/staytogether for a contraction 12.causeparalysis botulism-noach chlostridium botolinum \seqsplit{myatheniagravis-noreceptorache} chlostridium tetani\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 21 (+ 21) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter10}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1.4waysorganizemusclefiber 1parallel-bicepsbrachi \seqsplit{2convergent-pectoralismuscle} \seqsplit{3unipennate-extensordigitorium} 4bipennate-rectusfemoris 2.3classesoflevers 1vload fulcrum vaf neckexten 2fvl\textasciicircum{}ap ankleexten 3f\textasciicircum{}afvl bicep brachiflex 3.6eyemuscles 1inferior down niii 2anterior rectus up NVI 3medial middle nvii 4lateral lateral nvi 5inferior oblique rollupdown niii 6superioroblique rolldownlateral niv 4.herniacauseloc visercal org abnormally protruding thru an opening in muscular wall caux increased force, in pressure, weak cT 3loc inguinal,umbilical,ivdisc 5.retinaculum broad band of ct tendons pass under it hold tendons in place 6.hamstrings bicepfemoris,semimembranous,semitendenous quads vastusmedialis,vintermedialius,lateralis, rectusfemoris rotatorcuff supraspinatus,infraspinatus,teresminor,subscapularis 7.ischemia/hypoxia is-restrict/dec bloodflow to tissue hyp-decrease o2 in tissue 9.organellemitosis centrioles location=olfactory / hippocampus \seqsplit{10.4structuralclassficiationsneurons} 1multipolar 2bipolar 3unipolar 4anapolar \seqsplit{11.stepsneuralregneration} 1invasionmacrophages \seqsplit{2formofneuraltubebyschwanncells} 3regrowthofaxon 12.neurogliaCNS 1ependymalcells-produce csf 2astrocytes-producebbb 3oligodendrocytes-myelin 4microglial-phagocytosis\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 25 (+ 25) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter11}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}2.4ionchannels \seqsplit{1voltagegatedchanne-changetransmembranepotential} \seqsplit{2mechanicalgatedchannel-changeinphysicaldistortionofmembranesurface} \seqsplit{3leakchannel-alwaysopenbindtospecificfibers} \seqsplit{4ligand-bindspecificchemicals} 3.3diffbetweengradedresponse g /1localized 2rateofchange \seqsplit{3changesacrossmembranepotentia} ap/1restingleakchann 2depolariz 3hyperpolar 4.hyperpolarization resetting for another ap, cell become neg, two ion mvm 5.summation summing \seqsplit{(+)(-)fromdendritestoseeifreachesthreshodtostartap} @ axon hillock 6.initialsegfx at axon hillock \seqsplit{7.refractoryperiodwneuron} 8.saltatoryconduction jumping of ap from nodetonode bc no na under myelin occurs @ nodes of ranvier 9.typesofneurons \seqsplit{afibers-largestmyelinatedaxon} bodyposition bfibers-smaller myelinated pain \seqsplit{cfibers-smallestunmyelinated} pain \seqsplit{10.chemical\&electricalsynapse} c-neurotransmitter to sendmessages exneuromuscular jnx e-nosynaptic gap so the ionic flow exthe eye 11.neuromodulator \seqsplit{n-modifiesthereleaseoftheneurotransmitters} inhibits release stimulate ca2+ opiods= 1endorphins 2endomorphins 3dynorphins 4enkephalins substance p\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 22 (+ 22) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{chapter12}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\textasciicircum{}1.directandindirect d-ligandbindstoprotein,protein channelopens \seqsplit{in-ligandattachestoreceptor},activatesGprotein,gtp\textgreater{}adenolatcyclase,atp\textgreater{}cAMPopensproteinchannel \seqsplit{2.3classesneurotransmitters} aminoacid:glycine,direct,spinalcord \seqsplit{neuropeptide:endomorphines},indirect,hypothalamus purine:adenosine,indirect,cortex 3.presynapticinhi/fac pi:when ca2+is inhibited from gaba releases it lessens the amnt of neurotransmitters pf: when there is aninfluxof ca2+ the amnt of neurttransm is greater 4.spatial-many synapse temporal-onesynapse 6.plexus interwoven networkingofnerves 4componens: root,trunk,divisions,cords adv:overlappingfxn \seqsplit{7.spinalsegmentsbrachialplexus} c4-c8,t1 1suprascapularc5-c6 subscapularis 2dorsalc5 thalamus \seqsplit{3longthoracicc5-c7omohyoid} 4pectoralc5,t1 pectoralis 8.segmentslumbarplexus t12,l1-l4 1femoralthigh 2obtulatoradductorhips 3saphenous pectoralis all L2-l4 9.neuralcircuits 1convergance 2divergance 3serial 4parallel 5reverbation 10.m/umusclespindle fxmuscletone \seqsplit{-intrafusualfibers-gamaefferents-sensoryneurons} 11. meninges -pia mater(bottom) -subarachnoid (space) -arachnoid(middle) -dura (top) -epidura(space) ALLprotectCNS\textasciicircum{}% Row Count 23 (+ 23) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}