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% Document Info
\author{L\_Wen}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (h2-chem-atomic-structure.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (L\_Wen)
  /Subject (H2 Chem Atomic Structure Cheat Sheet)
}

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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{H2 Chem Atomic Structure Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{L\_Wen} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/193987/cs/42737/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}L\_Wen \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/l-wen} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 15th March, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Atomic Structure}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.14 cm} x{3.192 cm} x{3.268 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Atoms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Representation} & Proton number: no of proton & Nucleon number: no of proton and neutron \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Isotopes} & atoms of same element with different no of neutron & i.e. same no of proton, diff no of neutrons \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & same no of e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} = same chemical properties & diff no of neutron = diff mass = diff physical properties \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.152 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Electronic structure of atom}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{3 levels} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Principle} \seqsplit{quantum} shell & Energy band of shells separated by large energy gap & Numbered (1,2,3) & specifies energy of e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{}, size of orbital, avg distance from nucleus \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Higher no = & further from nucleus = less strongly attracted & higher energy level of e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Subshell} & group of orbitals which share same shape and properties & 4 types: s, p, d, f & Energy: s\textless{}p\textless{}d\textless{}f \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Orbitals} & region of space with high \seqsplit{possibility} (\textgreater{}95\%) of finding e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} & each orbital can hold max 2 e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{}, and must be of opp spin &  \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & s orbital & spherical &  \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & p orbital & dumbbell along axis & px, py, pz \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & d orbital & 2 dumbbells on plain & d(xy), d(yz), d(xz) \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & 2 dumbbells cutting axis & d(x\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{}-y\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{}) \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.152 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Electronic structure of atom (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & dumbell cutting z-axis, donut at the centre & d(z\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{}) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
 & f orbital & {\emph{NOT IN SYLLABUS}} &  \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.72 cm} x{1.368 cm} x{2.232 cm} x{2.88 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Effective nuclear charge}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{Strength of electrostatic forces of attraction felt by valence e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} after accounting for shielding effect of inner electrons} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Z(eff) = Z - S &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Z: \seqsplit{nuclear} charge & size of positive charge (no of protons) & larger = stronger EFoA \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & S: \seqsplit{shielding} effect & decrease in EFoA btwn nucleus and e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} due to repelling effect of inner e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} &  \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 7)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & no of inner e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} (no of inner PQN/ subshell) & more = weaker EFoA btwn nucleus and e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
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\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.872 cm} x{1.8 cm} x{1.8 cm} x{1.728 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ionisation energy}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{energy required to remove 1mol of e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} from 1mol of gaseous atoms to form 1mol of singly charged gaseous cations (1st IE)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{Breaking EFoA = endothermic = always +ve} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Subsequent} IE always greater than previous & stronger EFoA between more +vely charged nucleus and e & Z incr -\textgreater{} Z(eff) incr -\textgreater{} more E to overcome &  \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{Trend} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Down group & Z incr, but S incr more \seqsplit{significantly} =\textgreater{} Z(eff) decr & valence e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} to be removed are further from nucleus &  \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & = EFoA decr & = less E req. to remove e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} &  \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\bf{= decr in IE}} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Across period & S almost same as same PQN & Z incr as proton no incr & = Z(eff) incr \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & = incr EFoA & = more E req. to remove e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} &  \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{= incr in IE}} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.872 cm} x{1.8 cm} x{1.8 cm} x{1.728 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ionisation energy (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Anomaly: within period & G2 \textgreater{} G13 & p-orbital e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} at higher E than s-orbital e\textasciicircum{}\_\textasciicircum{} &  \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & = less E req to be ionised &  \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & G15\textgreater{}G16 & e\textasciicircum{}\_\textasciicircum{} from G16 is paired & = inter-e\textasciicircum{}\_\textasciicircum{} \seqsplit{repulsion} in same orbital \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & = less E req to ionise \seqsplit{completely} &  \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
When answering & 1. write both \seqsplit{electronic} config &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 2. change in Z, S, PQN, Z(eff) &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 3. change in EFoA and E req. &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 4. Effect on IE &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Successive} IE of an element & singly -\textgreater{} doubly charged & doubly -\textgreater{} triply charged &  \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.872 cm} x{1.8 cm} x{1.8 cm} x{1.728 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ionisation energy (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Z remains same (for same element), S decr =\textgreater{} Z(eff) incr &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
 & = more E req to overcome &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & Large incr in IE =\textgreater{} change in PQN &  \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Structure of atoms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Subatomic particles} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Proton} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Neutron} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Electron} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.08 cm} x{2.088 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Electronic configuration}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{Arrangement of e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} in their principal quantum shells, subshells and orbitals} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Rules for \seqsplit{arrangement} & Pauli's exclusion principle & each orbital holds max 2 e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{}, in opp spin &  \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & each e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} is a half arrow & opp spin = 1 point up, other point down \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Hund's rule & orbitals must be singly occupied first w/ parallel spin before pairing & to minimise inter-e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} repulsion \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 7)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Aufbau principle & e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} in ground state goes into empty orbital w/ lowest energy, before filling up next orbital of lowest energy &  \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 10)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & as PQN incr, energy ga between sucessive shell decrease & eventually \seqsplit{overlaps/converges} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.08 cm} x{2.088 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Electronic configuration (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & 3d vs 4s: fill and remove from 4s first & 4s lower E when empty, higher E when filled \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{3 representation} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Written} & 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d7 &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & write 3d before 4s as 4s is higher energy &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Anomaly for Cr and Cu & Expected: {[}Ar{]} 4s2 3d4 {\emph{or}} 3d9 & Actual: Expected: {[}Ar{]} 4s1 3d5 {\emph{or}} 3d10 \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & \seqsplit{symmetrical} 3d cloud more \seqsplit{energetically} favourable & close E levels allow for \seqsplit{rearrangement} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 5)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Drawn \seqsplit{config} & Draw lines \seqsplit{representing} orbitals & fill up with e\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} \seqsplit{accordingly} &  \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Energy} level \seqsplit{diagram} & y axis: E level & . &  \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 4)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & each subshell occupies the same E level & . &  \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.08 cm} x{2.088 cm} x{2.016 cm} x{2.016 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Electronic configuration (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & spaces btwn subshell decrease as E incr & . &  \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}