\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
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\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
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\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{kmuhle}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (databasesystems.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (kmuhle)
  /Subject (DatabaseSystems Cheat Sheet)
}

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% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
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% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
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% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{DatabaseSystems Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{kmuhle} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/210901/cs/45584/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}kmuhle \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/kmuhle} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 8th February, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Relational Algebra}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Relational Algebra}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{π\textasciitilde{}L\textasciitilde{}(R)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{σ\textasciitilde{}C\textasciitilde{}(R)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{ρ\textasciitilde{}S\textasciitilde{}(R)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{R ⨝ S} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{R ⨝\textasciitilde{}θ\textasciitilde{} S} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{R ⊗ S} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.368 cm} x{1.152 cm} x{1.872 cm} x{2.808 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Operations}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Operation}} & \{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Symbol}} & \{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Meaning}} & \{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Example}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Union & R ∪ S & Rows in either R or S & If R = \{A, B, C\} and S = \{B, C, D\}, then R ∪ S = \{A, B, C, D\}. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Intersection} & R ∩ S & Rows in both R and S & If R = \{A, B, C\} and S = \{B, C, D\}, then R ∩ S = \{B, C\}. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Difference} & R - S & Rows in R that are not in S & If R = \{A, B, C\} and S = \{B, C, D\}, then R - S = \{A\}. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.9 cm} x{2.812 cm} x{2.888 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Common SQL Types}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Data Type}} & {\bf{Description}} & {\bf{Example}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}VARCHAR(n)` & A text string. & 'hello' \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}INTEGER` & A whole number. & 42 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}FLOAT` & A floating point number. & 9.7 \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}NUMERIC(m,n)` & A number with m digits, with n after the decimal point. & 190.14 \{\{nl\}\} (E.g. mondey w/ NUMERIC(3,2)) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}DATE` & A date in the calendar. & '2020-09-01' \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}TIME` & A time of day. & '11:25:00' \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}TIMESTAMP` & Both a date and a time. & '2020-09-01T 11:25:00' \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`\{\{lang-sql\}\}CHAR(n)` & Fixed-length string of length n. & '02155' \{\{nl\}\} (E.g. zip codes w/ CHAR(5)) \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Closures}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{The {\emph{closure}} of a set of attributes X - denoted as {\bf{X\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}}} - is the set of attributes determined by X according to a given set of FDs F} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nobreak\}\}{\bf{The Closure Algorithm:}} \{\{nl\}\}~ - Start by setting X\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{} to X .\{\{nl\}\}~ - Repeat: \{\{nl\}\}~~~~ - Choose an FD L -\textgreater{} R where L ⊆ X\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}. \{\{nl\}\}~~~~ - Add R to X\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}. \{\{nl\}\}~~~~ - Record L -\textgreater{} R as having been used. \{\{nl\}\}~ - Until there are no usable FDs left unused.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}