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\author{Klucas2}
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  /Title (chapter-4-epidemiology.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Klucas2)
  /Subject (Chapter 4 Epidemiology Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Chapter 4 Epidemiology Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Klucas2} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/211265/cs/45734/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Klucas2 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/klucas2} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 24th February, 2025.\\
   Updated 24th February, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chronic Disease Epidemiology}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Chronic Disease Epidemiology}} is the study of the distribution and determinants of chronic diseases. \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
{\bf{Latency period}} is the time of exposure to the clinical signs of a chronic disease. \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
{\emph{Risk factor are behaviors that lead to chronic diseases.}}% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Top leading causes of Death}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{NCHS Data Brief, Number 492, December 2023, \seqsplit{www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db492-tables.pdf.} Accessed 24 Feb. 2025.}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Heredity and Chronic Health Problems}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Heredity conditions can be associate with cancer which are called {\bf{hereditary retinoblastoma}}. This is a huge risk factor for cancer.  \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
Epilepsy is also another heredity trait that has a strong genetic influence. These can trigger two different types of seizures which are called {\bf{ Partial Seizures and Generalized Seizures}}.  \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 4)
Osteoporosis can also be a heredity trait but can be offset if you eat a health diet and exercise regularly.% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Smoking and Chronic Disease}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Smoking is very detrimental to your health and often leads to chronic disease. Smoking is on its way to being one of the leading causes of death. \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
If smoking decreases it can help to diminish chronic health diseases.% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Wang, Xuemei et al. "The Association between Socioeconomic Status, Smoking, and Chronic Disease in Inner Mongolia in Northern China." International journal of environmental research and public health vol. 16,2 169. 9 Jan. 2019, \seqsplit{doi:10.3390/ijerph16020169}}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Environment and Chronic Health Problems}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{The environment is a contributing factor to chronic health issues. Physical stress also plays a big part in developing chronic health issues.}} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
Anemia: Alcohol abuse, arsenic, benzene, cooper deficiency, nitrates, lead, radiation \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
Asthma: Allergens, air pollutants, environmental tobacco smoke, workplace exposures \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
Cancer: Chemicals, viruses, bacteria, radiation \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
Cardiovascular: Carbon monoxide, noise, tobacco smoke, physical stress, carbon disulfide, nitrates, methylene chloride \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 3)
Dermatologic: Dioxin, nickel, arsenic, mercury, cement (chromium), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), glues, rubber cement \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 3)
Kidney: Cadmium, lead, mercury, chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 2)
Lung Cancer: Asbestos, chromium, diesel exhaust, tobacco, radon \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 2)
Mesothelioma: Asbestos \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 1)
Methemoglobinemia: Benzocaine, dapsone, nitrates \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
Neuropsychological: Tetrachloroethylene, mercury, arsenic, toluene, lead, methanol, noise, vinyl chloride \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 3)
Noise-induced hearing loss: Extreme and prolonged noise events \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 2)
Peripheral Neuropathy: Alcohol abuse, toxic substances (arsenic, mercury) \newline % Row Count 27 (+ 2)
Reproductive: Methylmercury, carbon monoxide, lead, ethylene oxide \newline % Row Count 29 (+ 2)
Respiratory: Asbestos, radon, beryllium, cigarette smoke, glues, carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, PM10, sulfur dioxide, uranium% Row Count 32 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Health Belief Model}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{The Health Belief helps to understand how behaviors makes a great impact on chronic diseases. Each individual knows the risk they take when the engage in activities such as smoking tobacco or drinking alcohol but their behaviors leads to chronic health issues because of their choices.}}% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Disability}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Disability- {\emph{the diminished capacity to perform within a prescribed range}}  \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
Disability often comes from having a chronic disease. This includes impairment, activity limitations, and participation restrictions.  \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 3)
People on disability often struggle and have difficulty dealing with their chronic disease and managing day to day life. \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 3)
They often required assistance everyday to function.% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Monteleone, Rebecca, and Jones, Rachel Forrester. "'Disability Means, Um, Dysfunctioning People': A Qualitative Analysis of the Meaning and Experience of Disability among Adults with Intellectual Disabilities." Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, vol. 30, no. 2, Mar. 2017, pp. 301–15. EBSCOhost, \seqsplit{https://doi-org.libproxy.howardcc.edu/10.1111/jar.12240.}}  \tn 
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

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