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% Document Info
\author{KB2019}
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  /Title (cranial-nerves.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (KB2019)
  /Subject (Cranial Nerves Cheat Sheet)
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\begin{multicols}{3}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Cranial Nerves Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{KB2019} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/87620/cs/20253/}}}
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\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}KB2019 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/kb2019} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 12th August, 2019.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Olfactory Nerve (CNI)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{General Type}} & Special sense of smell or olfaction \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Course }} & 1. From olfactory receptor neurons in {\bf{nasal olfactory epithelium}} in roof of nasal cavity. \{\{nl\}\} 2. Olfactory nerves pass via {\bf{foramina of cribriform plate of ethmoid}}. \{\{nl\}\} 3. Olfactory bulbs (L+R) and olfactory tracts (L+R) enter cerebrum directly- synapse in olfactory cortex. \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 12)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Nerve Lesion}} & Can no longer smell (anosmia), decreased sensitivity of smell (hypoosmia), exaggerated sensitivity (hyperosmia) or distorted smell (dysosmia). \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Test for Integrity}} & Scent tests (eg. coffee). \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Optic Nerve (CNII)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{General Type}} & Special sense of vision \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Course}} & 1. Optic nerves (L+R) formed by axons of {\bf{retinal ganglion cells}}- via optic disk enter the optic nerve- course via the orbit within the dural sheath. \{\{nl\}\} 2. Exit the orbit via the {\bf{optic canal}}- into the middle cranial fossa to form the optic chiasm. \{\{nl\}\} 3. Optic tracts (L+R) proceed to terminate in the lateral geniculate bodies of the thalamus- axons arising from here form the optic radiations to the primary visual cortex in the occipital lobes. \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 18)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Nerve Lesions}} & Parts of fields of vision are gone (anopia) or no pupillary light reflex as light is not registered. \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Test for Integrity}} & Pupillary light test, vision test (eg. looking at something in the distance). \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oculomotor Nerve (CNIII)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{General Type}} & Motor: \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Somatic motor}}-all extraocular muscles (except SO`4`LR`6`) and levator palpebrae superioris. \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Visceral motor (PS)}}- via ciliary ganglion to sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Course }} & 1. Emerges from midbrain- via posterior and middle cranial fossae- travels via superior part of lateral wall of {\bf{cavernous sinus}}. \{\{nl\}\} 2. Enters orbit via {\bf{superior orbital fissure}} within common tendinous ring. \{\{nl\}\} 3. Divides into 2 divisions: \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Superior- for SR + LPS \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Inferior- for IR, MR + IO \{\{nl\}\} 4. Superior division runs on lateral side of the optic nerve and on inferior surface of SR piercing it to end up in LPS. \{\{nl\}\} 5. Inferior division breaks up into terminal branches immediately after entering orbit, carries {\bf{PS}} (presynaptic) fibres to ciliary ganglion (synapse)- postsynaptic fibres via short ciliary nerves to ciliary body and the sphincter pupillae. \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 28)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oculomotor Nerve (CNIII) (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Distribution}} & All extraocular muscles (except SO`4`LR`6`), LPS, sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Nerve Lesions}} & No accomodation or light reflex (unilateral), eye deviated laterally, drooping of eyelid (ptosis) or pupil constantly dilated. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Test for Integrity }} & Accomodation or light reflex. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Trochlear Nerve (CNIV)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{General Type}} & Motor: \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Somatic motor}}- to superior oblique muscle (abducts, depresses and medially rotates eyeball). \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Course}} & 1. Only cranial nerve that emerges on dorsal side of brainstem.  \{\{nl\}\} 2. Travels via lateral wall of {\bf{cavernous sinus}}, inferior to CNIII. \{\{nl\}\} 3. Enters orbit via {\bf{superior orbital fissure}} superolateral to tendinous ring- runs above the LPS to SO muscle. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 11)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Distribution}} & Exclusively SO muscle. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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{\emph{Nerve Lesion}} & Cannot look down. \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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{\emph{Test for Integrity}} & Look at tip of nose. \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Trigeminal Nerve (CNV)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{General Type}} & Mixed: \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Somatic sensory}}- principal sensory nerve of head, all 3 divisions. \{\{nl\}\} {\bf{Somatic motor}}- 3rd division. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Course}} & 1. Large sensory root and a small motor root emerge from lateral aspect of pons. \{\{nl\}\} 2. Sensory {\bf{trigeminal ganglion}} located within trigeminal cave lateral to cavernous sinus. \{\{nl\}\} 3. Peripheral processes of ganglionic (sensory neurons) form 3 divisions \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Ophthalmic (V1) \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Maxillary (V2) \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Mandibular (V3) \{\{nl\}\} 4. Motor root fibres bypass trigeminal ganglion and blends with V3. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 16)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Extra Note}} & Sensory and motor branches are used by all 4 PS ganglia to carry postganglionic fibres to their destination. \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ophthalmic Nerve (CNV1)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{General Type}} & Sensory \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Course}} & From trigeminal ganglion traverses the lateral wall of the {\bf{cavernous sinus}} and divides into 3 terminal branches via {\bf{superior orbital fissure}} into the orbit. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Branches}} & 1. {\bf{Lacrimal}}- passes laterally close to orbital plate of frontal bone to enter lacrimal gland; innervates conjunctiva and skin above lateral canthus; also carries postganglion PS fibres from CNIII- via CNV2 to lacrimal gland. \{\{nl\}\} 2. {\bf{Frontal}}- runs above LPS, divides into supraorbital (to frontal scalp skin) and supratrochlear (to skin above medial canthus. \{\{nl\}\} 3. {\bf{Nasocililary}}- runs on medial side of orbit: \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Infratrochlear- terminal branch to skin adjacent to medial canthus. \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Ethmoidal (anterior + posterior)- via anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina to ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses, dura in anterior cranial fossa and nasal mucosa. \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} External nasal- to skin of nose. \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Long ciliary- sensory to ciliary body, iris, cornea, carry S fibres to dilator pupillae.  \{\{nl\}\} \{\{fa-circle\}\} Short ciliary- carry sensory, S fibres and PS fibres from ciliary ganglion to sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles. \tn 
% Row Count 48 (+ 39)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ophthalmic Nerve (CNV1) (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Distribution}} & Sensation from cornea, upper conjunctive, dura mater, mucosa of antero-superior nasal cavity, frontal, ethmoidal paranasal sinuses, skin of face and upper eyelid. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Corneal Reflex}} & Afferent- from CNV1. \{\{nl\}\} Efferent- from CNVII. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Nerve Lesions}} & No corneal reflex or cannot feel area V1 supplies on face. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Test for Integrity}} & Touch area on face that V1 supplies or perform the corneal reflex. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Maxillary Nerve (CNV2)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{General Type}} & Sensory \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\emph{Course}} & From trigeminal ganglion traverses lateral wall of {\bf{cavernous sinus}} and exits cranial cavity via {\bf{foramen rotundum}} in greater wing of sphenoid to enter pterygopalatine fossa.  Terminal part enters orbit via {\bf{inferior orbital fissure}} and terminates as infraorbital nerve. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 10)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\emph{Branches}} & 1. Meningeal. \{\{nl\}\} 2. Ganglion branches to PPG. \{\{nl\}\} 3. {\bf{Infraorbital}}- \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
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