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  /Title (psychology-midterm-2-chapter-5.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (kateleschyshyn)
  /Subject (Psychology Midterm \#2 Chapter 5 Cheat Sheet)
}

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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Psychology Midterm \#2 Chapter 5 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{kateleschyshyn} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/167377/cs/35080/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}kateleschyshyn \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/kateleschyshyn} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 1st November, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Central Nervous system}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Somatic Nervous system - Action of muscle and skin} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Autonomic - actions you do not need to think to do, internal organs and glands} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sympathetic - energy levels increase and stress response, fight or flight, can not stay in it for long, at a healthy dose can be good} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Parasympathetic - allows us to calm down, back to normal heart rate etc..} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{problems occur when people can not turn off the sympathetic and create stress long after the stress} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Understanding the brain}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Franz Gall and Phrenology} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{phrenology (early 1800) brain is divided into different regions and each one of the regions is responsible for different parts of someones personality. Bigger the region the more influence it has on the person} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{you can tell things about someone personality by the shape of their skull} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{one thing they got right is that you can divide the brain into regions and each one served a different functions} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{the more brain area devoted to a specific function the more influence will have} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Divisions of the brain}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{modern brain can be divided into 4 different lobe} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{temporal lobe - auditory processing, language and memory, taste and smell. Hippocampus involved in developing memory found in temporal lobe. Damage brain = loss of sense of taste} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{frontal lobe - planning, organizing and impulse control. How to get through a problem is very depending on the frontal lobe. Damage to brain = impulse control, say and do random things. Origin of all motor control} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Pariental lobe - touch and spatial awareness. Damage = person stops being who they are, spacial awareness. Unconsious awareness of space} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Occitpital lobe - visual processing. very back of the brain} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Cerebllum - motor movement. Bottom of the brain. Damage = speech problems or movement problems} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Two side of Brain - whatever is happening on the left side is happening on the right} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Human brain}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{100 billion neurons in a healthy adult brain} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{surface area of the brain - Gyrus (pl. gyri ) hills - Sulcus (pl. sulci) valley - fissure, deep sulcus, define left from right} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{cerebral hemispheres - connected by the corpus callosum. super highway of signals. everything we do needs both hemisphere working together} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Orientation of the brain} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Structure towards the brains midline are medial, those located towards the sides are lateral} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Anterior is in front, posterior is at the back} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Structures towards the bottom of the brain or one if its part of ventral} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Structures atop of the brain or structure within the brain are dorsal} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Blood circulation in the brain}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Brain matter} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{circulating throughout the brain - blood} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{oxygen - moves very freely to blood cells} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Stroke - loss of blood flow in brain} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Ischemic stroke - kills brain cells - blood blockage - blood thinner allows blood to flow more free} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Hermorhagic stroke - brain bleed - blood mixes with brain cells - runaway immune cause more damage} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{blood brain barrier} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{most things are unable to pass into blood - protective thing} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{more active different regions are during its task the more blood flow is required} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{techniques for studying the brain - Histological}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{the brain is sectioned and sliced psotmortem and neuronal loss is examined} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{if there is damage to the brain you can actually see it} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{measure cell loss} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{best way to study the brain and collect data} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{downside: person has to be dead} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{techniques for studying the brain - Histological}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{the brain is sectioned and sliced psotmortem and neuronal loss is examined} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{if there is damage to the brain you can actually see it} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{measure cell loss} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{best way to study the brain and collect data} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{downside: person has to be dead} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nervous System}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Central nervous system} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Peripheral nervous system (PNS)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{PNS- sensory connections to receptors, motor connections} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Brain stem}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Medulla - controls heart rate and breathing} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Reticular formation - wake up from sleep, allows you to become consciously aware that you are no longer sleeping} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{pons - bridge to the cerablem, deep sleep to rem sleep} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{complex behaviour vs. basic}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{forebrain (cortex) - responsible for most complex behaviour. example: language, reasoning, etc...} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{brainstem - source of much of our unconscious behaviours that are critical for survival} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Measuring electrical activity in the brain}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{electeoncephalography (EEG)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{slow waves} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{electrical activity in the brain forms different wave pattern} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{visual pathways of the brain} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{neuropathways - different kinds of signals pathways} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{can produce more detail than CT scan} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{can identify specific tissue} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{computerized tomography (CT scan)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{x-ray passed through the brain at many different angles creating many different images} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{static imaging techniques}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Near-infrared spectroscopy}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{identify oxygen in blood} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{uses light to identify blood that has less oxygen} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{completely non-invasive} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{real time measurement - person is doing a task} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{safe} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{downside - limited to the outside of the brain because light can not travel deep enough into the brain} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{functional magnetic imaging (fMRI)}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{change in the oxygen content of the blood alter its magnetic properties} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{functional - used while a person carries out a task} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{tissue that is higher in oxygen can stay out} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{measured in blood flow} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{does not require a tracer - less invasive} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{PET scanning}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{exploit blood flow} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{targets compounds like glucose - radioactive tracer} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{real-time measurement} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Identify what regions of the brain is active during a task - ex. listening to a person speak} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}