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\author{jvaliente96}
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  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jvaliente96)
  /Subject (INTROTOGEO Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{INTROTOGEO Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jvaliente96} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/70487/cs/17868/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jvaliente96 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jvaliente96} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 12th November, 2018.\\
   Updated 12th November, 2018.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 10}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Patterns of Distribution} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Widespread of plants and human activity known as biogeography} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Biota} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Total of plant and animal life} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{What is Flora; Fauna; Ocean Biota} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Flora is plants;Fauna are animals;Ocean Biota is planktons, nekton, Benthos} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Flow of Energy} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Sun is the source in which we depend} \tn 
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% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Photosynthesis} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Food chain, and energy must be converted to be recycled} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Net Primary Production} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Total amount of chemical energy stored in plants ( Reflected in the dry weight of organic materials or biomass)} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Hydrologic Cycles} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Everything depends on water; Water dissolves nutrients and carries them all to parts of organism} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Two Types of Hydrologic Cycles} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Transit- Transportation \& Respiration. 2. Residence- To plant and animals} \tn 
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% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Carbon Cycle} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Contains complex mixtures of Carbon Compound} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 9
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Main Components (CARBON CYCLE)} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Transfer of carbon for oxygen (CO2) to living matter and back to CO2. It becomes a rapid process of years and not centuries} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 10 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Oxygen Cycle} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Building block in most organic molecules by product of plant life, include H20, Carbon Dioxide, Ozone, CO2 stored in rocks} \tn 
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% Row 11
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Nitrogen Cycle} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Limited amount of organisms can use nitrogen and it is known as nitrogen fixation.} \tn 
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% Row 12
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Other Mineral Cycle} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Critical to biosphere are phosphorus, sulfur, and calcium.} \tn 
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% Row 13
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Gaseous \& Sedimentary Pathways} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Gaseous is interchange between biota and atmospheric ocean environment. Sedimentary are elements weathered and reaches the groundwater, returned to the ocean and is consumed by ocean organisms} \tn 
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% Row 14
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Food Chain-Who are the Producers} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Plants are known as autotrophs also known as self feeders, and plants can be eaten by consumers also known as \seqsplit{heterotrophs.Plant-eating} animal are called herbivores, and are referred as primary consumers. Herbivores become food for other animals carnivores and are secondary consumers or also known as predators.} \tn 
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% Row 15
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Who are the Omnivores} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Humans because we eat both plants and animals therefore we have several roles on the food chain.} \tn 
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% Row 16
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Food Pyramid} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The consumer is the Apex do not conclude the pyramid because when they die they are fed to decomposers returning the nutrients to the soil to be recycled into another food pyramid.} \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 10 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Evolutionary Development} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Survival of the fittest. Some localized, and several scattered localities of the same genus} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 18
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Migrations and Dispersal} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Animals move from one place to another, Plants move through seed dispersal.} \tn 
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% Row 19
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Reproductive Success} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Heavy predation, climate change, food supply failure, changing environmental conditions} \tn 
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% Row 20
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Extinction and die-off} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Range diminution; small area changes, and mass extinction} \tn 
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% Row 21
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Plant Succession} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}One vegetation type replaces by another} \tn 
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% Row 22
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Limiting Factor} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}most important variable for the survival of an organism} \tn 
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% Row 23
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Influence of Climate Change:Light} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Green plants need light to survive, light changes shapes of plants. Photoperiodism stimulates seasonal plant behavior} \tn 
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% Row 24
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Influence of Climate Change;Moisture} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Distribution of Biota governed more by moisture than any other factor. Biota evaluation dictated by adaptation to moisture condition} \tn 
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% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Influence of Climate Change:Temperature} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Plants have a limited tolerance for low temperature, and different species can survive in different temperatures} \tn 
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% Row 26
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Influence of Climate Change:Wind} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Strong winds can be destructive to biota} \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 10 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 27
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Topographic Influence} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Slope and drainage, plants and animals in a plains region vastly different from a mountainous region} \tn 
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% Row 28
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Wildfires} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Can be helpful for regrowth and maintaining of plant type. Complete or partial destruction of plant and death or driving away animals.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 13}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Crust} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Can be known as Moho,} \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Mantle} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The largest of the four shells.} \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Mantle Sub Layers} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Lithosphere-overlying or oceanic or continental crust} \tn 
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% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Mantle Sub Layers} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Asthenosphere- rocks are hot and can become tar} \tn 
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% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Mantle Sub Layers} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Lower Mantle- rocks are very hot because higher pressures} \tn 
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% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Outer Core} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Molten extends 5000 KM} \tn 
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% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Inner Core} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Primarily made of iron/nickel or iron/silicate.Magnetic field of Earth controlled by outer core.Magnetic poles not the same as the axial poles} \tn 
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% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Continental Drift} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Fit of the continents, fossil evidence, rocky type and structure geology, paleoclimatic evidence,} \tn 
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% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Minerals} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Be solid, found in nature, nonliving, contains atoms arranged in a regular pattern forming solid crystals} \tn 
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% Row 9
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Rocks} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Composed of many minerals: solid rock found right at the surface is called outcrop} \tn 
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 13 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 10
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Bedrock and Regolith} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Most of earths land area solid rock exists as a buried layer of bedrock and covered by a layer of broken rock called regolith} \tn 
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% Row 11
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Igneous Rocks} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Formed by the cooling and solidification of molten rock. Two Types: Putonic (Instructive)Surrounding rocks insulate the magma intrusion, slowing cooling. Volcanic (Estructive)Generally do not show individual mineral crystals, but can if the crystals are formed from shattered rock that was explosively ejected} \tn 
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% Row 12
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sedimentary Rock} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Material transported by water as sediment. Over long periods, large amounts of sediment build to large thicknesses. Two Types: ClasticComposed of fragments of preexisting rocks.Chemical and organic sedimentary rocks:Organic sedimentary rocks such as coal form from remains of dead plants and animals} \tn 
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% Row 13
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Metamorphic Rock} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Rocks that were originally igneous or sedimentary and have been changed by heat and pressure. Two Types. Schist:metamorphic rocks with narrow foliations.Gneiss – broad, banded foliations} \tn 
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% Row 14
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Rock Cycle} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Processes where rocks can transition between the three rock types} \tn 
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% Row 15
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Continental and Ocean Floor Types} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Ocean crust can be subducted into the athenosphere} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 13 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 16
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Isostasy} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}recognition of differences between oceanic crust, continental crust, and mantle} \tn 
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% Row 17
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Internal and External Geomorphic Processes} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Internal – originate from within Earth, increase relief of land surface–External – originate from sources above the lithosphere, such as the atmosphere or oceans; decrease relief of land surface} \tn 
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% Row 18
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{Uniformitarianism/Catastrophism}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}The present is the key to the past.Processes that shaped the landscape of the past are the same that will shape the future.Past thinking believed catastrophism, catastrophes shaped the land surface. (geological time)} \tn 
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% Row 19
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Pursuit of Pattern} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Major landform assemblages of the world} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 14}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Who is Alfred Wegener} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Revived the Continental drift by shape, rock type, fossil assemblage, and Pangea,} \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Seafloor Spreading} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Movement on ocean floor, push and pull, and it came above to be in 1968} \tn 
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Plate Boundaries Type 1} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Divergent: Oceanic- Mid ocean rifts. Continental- Rift Valleys} \tn 
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% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Plate Boundaries Type 2} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Convergent: Continental -Continental  : folded and faulted \seqsplit{mountains.ContinentalOceanic:volcanoes} and accretion. Subduction melting, mild \seqsplit{metamorphism.OceanicOceanic:Volcanoes} Island arc Deepest trenches in the world} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Transform Boundaries} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}San Andreas: Lateral movement of land, Does not create or destroy, Earthquakes are very common} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 5
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Hot Spots} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Mantle Plume, stable over time} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{HotSpots-Hawaii} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Massive volcanic activity, do not occur at plate boundaries} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{HotSpots-Yellowstone} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}?} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Ring of Fire} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Subduction Zones: lots of Volcanoes, and lots of Earthquakes: Active volcanoes erupted within known history, Relative Time scale} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Magma Chemistry} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Determines character of eruption. Felsic: High Silica, lower temp, less viscous, holds gasses. Mafic -low silica, high temps, more viscous, low gas content, flow (Hawaii's volcanoes) Intermediate:qualities of both, generally explosive (Rainer)} \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 7)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 14 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Flood Basalts} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Behave like Sedimentary rock, extensive area} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Volcanic Forms: Shield Volcanoes} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Shield Volcanoes, Mafic magma, very large but not steep} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 12
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Volcanic Forms: Composite Cones} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Stratovolcano, Intermediate lava, Explosive, steep sides} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 13
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Volcanic Forms: Lava Domes} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}felsic lava, bulge outward, grows by expansion} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 14
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Volcanic Forms: Cinder Cones} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}produces mostly ash, associated with larger volcanic activity} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 15
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Volcanic Forms: Calderas} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Collapsed volcano} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 16
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Volcanic gasses and flows} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}CO2 and H2SO4} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 17
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Eruption Column and Ash Fall} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Fine grained Silica•Damages Lungs •Destroy motors •Icelandic Volcano 2010•Disrupted Airline travel over the north Atlantic•Large Eruptions Alter climate} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 5)
% Row 18
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Pyroclastic Flows} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Collapse of structure•Rapid downward movement of rocks and molten materials•Two parts•Rocky base •Ash and gasses on top•Immediate Local Danger} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 5)
% Row 19
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Lahars} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Volcanic Mudslides•Common on Glaciated Volcanoes•Melted Ice} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 14 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Faulting} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Results from compression or extension of Earths Surface} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 21
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Faulting Normal} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Extension •Fault scarp forms} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 22
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Faulting Reverse} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Compression} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 23
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Faulting Thrust} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Low Angle} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 24
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Faulting Strike-Slip} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Lateral displacement} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Landforms Horst} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Non displaced  part of the fault block} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 26
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Landforms Graben} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Downthrown fault block} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 27
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Landforms Rift Valley} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Large areas of extension} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 28
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Seismic Waves} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}P waves •Faster moving •Compress and Expand the medium •S waves •Damaging •Vertical and horizontal displacement of medium •Surface Waves •Effect of energy on the land surface •Epicenter located through tracking time between waves on various seismographs} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 7)
% Row 29
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Magnitude and Intensities} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Richter Scale •Local Magnitude Scale •Significant variations in force between values•Shaking intensity •More of a qualitative measurement} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 5)
% Row 30
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Landslide} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Saturated Sediment •Trigger} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chapter 14 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 31
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Tsunamis} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Propagation of energy through the water •Can be caused by underwater landslides} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Structure Failure} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Lots of work done in designing structure for resiliency •Larger challenge in developing areas} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}