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% Document Info
\author{Jujual05}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (pleural-disease.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Jujual05)
  /Subject (Pleural Disease Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Pleural Disease Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Jujual05} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/213671/cs/46529/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Jujual05 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jujual05} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 30th May, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{What are the pleura}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Two layers of tissue surrounding lungs & • Visceral pleura – attached to lung.            \{\{nl\}\}       • Parietal pleura – attached to chest wall \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
between layers & Pleural space/cavity \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pleural lined by & mesothelial cells \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Secrete & small amount pleural fluid for lubrication \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pneumothorax}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Defenition & Air in pleural space \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Two types to know about & • Spontaneous \{\{nl\}\}• Tension \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.24425 cm} x{3.73275 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Spontaneous PTX}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Primary & ●Rupture of subpleural bleb\{\{nl\}\} ●Common in tall, thin young males \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Secondary & ●Older patients with underlying pulmonary disease\{\{nl\}\}● COPD \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Manifestation} & ◇ sudden onset dyspnea \{\{nl\}\} ◇Sometimes pleuritic chest pain(when you take a deep breath) \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Diagnosis & CXR \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pneumothorax}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pneumothorax treatment}}  \tn
% Row 0
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100\% oxygen & ◇Displaces nitrogen from capillary blood \{\{nl\}\}◇↑gradient for nitrogen reabsorption from pleural space \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Chest tube & Larger pneumothoraces (\textgreater{}15\% lung volume) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tension PTX}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Usually from trauma} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Air enters pleural space but cannot leave} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Medical emergency} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Emergent thoracentesis/chest tube placement} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Trachea deviates AWAY from affected side} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pleural effusion}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Accumulation of fluid in pleural effusion}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Etiologies of pleural effusion}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Transudative} \tn 
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% Row 1
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Transudative effusion}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Defenition & Something driving fluid into pleural space \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Most common cause & CHF (high pressure) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Other causes & ●Nephrotic syndrome \{\{nl\}\}(low protein)\{\{nl\}\}● Cirrhosis\{\{nl\}\} (low albumin) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Treatment & Underlying cause (no driange) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Exudative effusion}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\seqsplit{Defenition} & Fluid leaking into pleural space \{\{nl\}\}•High vascular permeability \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Many causes & ◇ malignancy \{\{nl\}\} ◇ pneumonia \{\{nl\}\}◇ More protein in pleural fluid vs. transudative \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\seqsplit{Treatment} & Usually requires drainage \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.28942 cm} x{2.68758 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Transudate vs. Exudate}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Thoracentesis & to obtain fluid sample \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Test for & protein, LDH \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Light's Criteria – Exudate if: & • Pleural protein/serum protein greater than 0.5\{\{nl\}\}Pleural LDH/serum LDH greater than 0.6\{\{nl\}\}Pleural LDH greater than 2/3 upper limits normal LDH \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lymphatic Effusions"Chylothorax"}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{• Lymphatic fluid effusion\{\{nl\}\}• From thoracic duct obstruction/injury\{\{nl\}\} • Malignancy most common cause\{\{nl\}\}• Trauma (usually surgical)\{\{nl\}\}• Milky-appearing fluid\{\{nl\}\}• Very high triglycerides\{\{nl\}\}◇TG usually \textgreater{} 110 mg/dL} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.54287 cm} x{3.43413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Other Effusions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Hemothorax & High Hct in fluid \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Empyema & Infected pleural fluid\{\{nl\}\}Pus, putrid odor, positive culture \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Malignant effusion & Positive cytology \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Mesothelioma}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Defenition & Pleural tumor \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
only known risk factor & Asbestos\{\{nl\}\}-{}-{}-\textgreater{}Decades after exposure \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Imaging & Pleural thickening and pleural effusion \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Slow onset symptoms & dyspnea, cough, chest pain \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Poor prognosis & •Median survival 4 to 13 months untreated\{\{nl\}\} • 6 to 18 months treated with chemo \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Asbestos For those who work in shipyards}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}