\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{jennilee} \pdfinfo{ /Title (vs-differences.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (jennilee) /Subject (ように vs ために Differences Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{955DA3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F8F4F9} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{ように vs ために Differences Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/44077/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\ \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 30th August, 2024.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{"Do something so that; In order to"}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\} {\bf{Purpose 【V-Volitional ために】}} & \{\{bt=2\}\} {\bf{Purpose/Goals/Dreams 【V-Non \seqsplit{Volition/Potential/ない} ように】}} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}"Do something so that; In order to" & \{\{bt=2\}\}"Do something so that; In order to" \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -When an action happens intentionally or at your own will & -When an action happens unintentionally \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & -Used for stative verbs (i.e. \seqsplit{ある、分かる、聞こえる、見える)} as they do not show will \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 6) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{今年家が買うためにたくさん残業してる。I'm} working a lot of overtime this year to buy a house. & \seqsplit{今年家が買えるようにたくさん残業してる。I'm} working a lot of overtime this year to (hopefully) buy a house. \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 7) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{N3に合格するために毎日勉強してる。I'm} studying every day to pass the N3 level. (sounds flat as it sounds like you are not making an effort to achieve it.) & \seqsplit{N3に合格できるように毎日勉強してる。I'm} studying every day to pass the N3 level. \tn % Row Count 33 (+ 9) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{"Do something so that; In order to" (cont)}} \tn % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{彼氏と海に行くためにビキニを買った。I} bought a bikini to go to the beach with my boyfriend. & \seqsplit{子供でも分かるように説明する。} I'll explain so even children can understand. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{**} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{❗️❗️Note: When Japanese people talks about their goals, dreams or what they want to achieve, they tend to go with Potential + ように because they naturally express their hope and making an effort to achieve it.} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SUBJECTS OR TOPIC}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ために:Subject is ALWAYS THE SAME PERSON.}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ように:Two subjects.}} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}Note that the topic and the subject must match. & \{\{bt=2\}\}Can be used for either the same subject or a different subject. \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{来年ヨーロッパ【旅行】りょこうをするために【貯金】ちょきんをしています。} I am saving money in order to travel to Europe next year. & \seqsplit{授業中にスマホをいじらないように、電源を切りました。} I turned off my smartphone so that I wouldn't use it during the class. \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 9) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{大学に入るために貯金してる。I'm} saving up (in order) to enroll in a university. & ◉The person who turned off the smartphone is ME, and the person who might have used it if the phone was on is also ME. \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 6) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ◉The person who is saving money is ME, and the person who is doing so in order to travel to Europe next year is also ME. & \seqsplit{声が後ろの方まで聞こえるようにマイクを使って話しました。} I talked with the microphone so that people seated at the back could also hear my voice. \tn % Row Count 31 (+ 9) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SUBJECTS OR TOPIC (cont)}} \tn % Row 5 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ar\}\} & ◉The person who talked with the microphone is ME, but I did it for OTHER PEOPLE to hear me well. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{【娘】むすめが大学に入るように貯金してる。I'm} saving money for (so that) my daughter can enroll to college. \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 7) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ar\}\} & ◉The person who saved money is ME, but I did it for MY DAUGHTER. \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Negation: V-ない + ように}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{❌❌Negation + ために}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{⭕️Negation + ように}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}ために CANNOT be used in Negation. & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{❌❌忘れないためにメモする。} I will take a note in order to not forget. & \seqsplit{忘れないようにメモする。} I will take a note in order to not forget. \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{授業中にスマホをいじらないように、電源を切りました。} I turned off my smartphone so that I wouldn't use it during the class. \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 9) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{**}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(N) の ために (V) "For the sake of N"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のに "In order to… I use…"}} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{"For the sake of (Noun)" N + のために}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{"In order to… it's useful / good / convenient / takes time / is necessary (to do something)" "In order to… I use…" }} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 8) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} (N) の ために (V) / (N) の ため の (N) & \{\{fa-check\}\}+ 使う one uses \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{家族のために【一所懸命】いっしょけんめい働く。} I work hard for my family. & \{\{fa-check\}\}役に立つ】やくにたつ it's useful \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 5) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{将来のために【貯金】ちょきんする。} I will work hard for my future. & \{\{fa-check\}\}いい good \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 5) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{【旅行】りょこうのためのお金} 
 Money for the trip. & \{\{fa-check\}\}【便利】べんり convenient \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 4) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{【結婚式】けっこんしきのためのドレス}. Dress for the wedding. & \{\{fa-check\}\}かかる takes time \tn % Row Count 32 (+ 4) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{** (cont)}} \tn % Row 7 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ❗️❗️Note: ように cannot be used with Nouns。 & \{\{fa-check\}\}【必要】ひつよう is necessary \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{辞書】じしょは【意味】いみを【調べる】しらべるのに使います。} You use a dictionary (in order to) to look up the meaning (of a word). \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 9) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{帰るのに1時間かかります。} It takes an hour (in order to) to get home. \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 5) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{この【公演】こうえんに【入る】はいるのに【千年】せんえんかかります。} It costs one thousand yen to enter this park. \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 8) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{【お弁当】おべんとうを【温める】あたためるのに、【電子】でんしレンジを使います。} I use the microwave to heat up a bento. \tn % Row Count 33 (+ 8) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Particles for 【ために】}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{【Noun の】 + ためだけに}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Noun のために }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-る + ために}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}"Just (only) for" & \{\{bt=2\}\}"For (something)" & \{\{bt=2\}\}"To (the purpose of) verb" \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{一人のためだけにこんなに食べ物を【用意】よういしたの?} You prepared this much food just for one person? & \seqsplit{【健康】けんこうのために何をしていますか。} What do you do for your health? & A. \seqsplit{あれ、ギター弾けるの?} Huh, you can play guitar? \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 10) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{【健康】けんこうのために毎日走っています。} I've been running every morning for my health. & B. \seqsplit{いや、モテるために、買ったんだ。} No, I bought it to be popular. \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 9) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{**} \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{❗️❗️Note: に particle is required when there is a verb that follows. Formation: Purpose + (の)ために + Reason} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{【ために】 : Common Expressions}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{【役】やくに立つ}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ためになる"To be useful; to be \seqsplit{beneficial;} \seqsplit{informative"} }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{【念】ねんのため \seqsplit{(です)} / \seqsplit{【念】ねんのために} + Verb}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Noun のためなら}} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 9) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}"To be useful; to be \seqsplit{beneficial;} to be helpful" & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{fa-check\}\}When somebody tells you somebody \seqsplit{informative} or tips & \{\{bt=2\}\}"Just in case; to do… just in case" & \{\{bt=2\}\}"If it's for \seqsplit{(someone)"} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 8) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Used for useful tools (eg. \seqsplit{chopsticks)} & \{\{fa-check\}\}Used to give \seqsplit{knowledge;} lessons (in life or anything) & Very common \seqsplit{expression} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 7) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{パニックはその【目的】もくてき【達成】たっせいの役に立たない。} Panic won't serve my purpose. & \seqsplit{ミサ先生の【授業】じゅぎょうはためにになります。} Misa sensei's lessons are useful; \seqsplit{beneficial;} \seqsplit{informative.} & \seqsplit{使うかわからないけど、【念】ねんのために持っていく。} I don't know if I'll use it but I'll take it with me just in case. & \seqsplit{【先輩】せんぱいのためならなんでもします。} I'd do anything (if it's) for my senpai. \tn % Row Count 40 (+ 16) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{【ために】 : Common Expressions (cont)}} \tn % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{正直言いますと、お役に立てるかどうかわかりません。} To be honest, I don't know what I can do for you. & \seqsplit{勉強は君のためになる。} Study will do you good (is useful; \seqsplit{beneficial;} \seqsplit{informative).} & \{\{ar\}\} & (Lit. (if it's) for (someone) but usually used for this kind of situation "I'd do anything for you") \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 13) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ように USES}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Wish 【V-\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}ます\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{} ように】}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Acquired habit 【V-plain ように】}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Learned \seqsplit{【V-Potential} ようにになる】}} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}"I hope; I wish; I pray" & \{\{bt=2\}\}Express that a habit which did not exist before has been acquired. & \{\{bt=2\}\}"Learned how to…; I've come to be able to…" \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 6) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -Sounds like a prayer or a wish; Formal & A habit has been acquired or repetition of a new action has become apparent. & -Change someone's ability. (Ex. you were not able to do it last year, but now you were able to do it) \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 8) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{試験に受かりますように。/} \seqsplit{しけんにうかりますように。} I hope I pass the exam… & \seqsplit{【去年】きょねんから、毎日ジムへ行くようになりました。} Since last year, I have been going to the gym everyday. (This is a new habit. Previously you do not go to the gym everyday and then it became a habit that you go everyday) & \seqsplit{日本語が話せるようになりました。} I came to be able to speak Japanese. \tn % Row Count 39 (+ 20) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ように USES (cont)}} \tn % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{彼は会社を休むようになりました。} He started taking time off from work. (He was on time previously but then he started to be late these days). & \seqsplit{【二十歳】はたちになったのでお酒が飲めるようになりました。} Now that I'm 20, I can drink alcohol. \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 13) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{アニメを見たら、漢字が読めるようになります。} If you watch anime, you will be able to read Kanji. \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 10) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ように USES}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Want to become \seqsplit{【V-Potential} ようになりたい】}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Did not achieve \seqsplit{【V-Potential} ようににならない】}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Request to repeat action 【V-plain ようにしてください】}} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}"I want to be able to…" & \{\{bt=2\}\}"I've not come to be able to…" & \{\{bt=2\}\}"Please make efforts; Please keep in mind" \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 5) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -Want to be able to achieve something & -Express that you are not making any progress with something. & This is to make a request to repeat the action habitually. It is more polite expression than \seqsplit{ないでください} (direct expression). \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 11) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{英会話ができるようになりたいです。} I want to be able to speak English. & \seqsplit{もう5年も日本語を勉強してるけど、話せるようにならない。} I've been studying Japanese for 5 years already but I haven't improved my speaking. & \seqsplit{みんなが聞こえるように話してください。} Please speak so that everyone can hear. \tn % Row Count 36 (+ 14) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ように USES (cont)}} \tn % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{なかなか話せるようにならない。} I'm having a difficult time improving my speaking. & \seqsplit{毎朝【歯を磨く】はをみがくようにしてください。} Please make an effort to brush your teeth every morning. \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 10) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{毎日漢字を勉強してるけど、なかなか読めるようにならない。} I'm studying Kanji everyday but I'm having a difficult time reading them (I still can't read). & \{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 15) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ように vs ために with \textasciitilde{}になる}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Non-volitional / Static V+ ように + Intransitive}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Noun + \seqsplit{く/になるために} + Transitive}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}""So that it becomes / gets…" & \{\{bt=2\}\}"In order/ so that become (something)" \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Used when an action happens unintentionally. & Use ために when なる expresses state of state; changing YOURSELF or becoming something INTENTIONALLY (ex. body, personality, profession) \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 8) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{日本語が上手になるように毎日勉強しています。} So that my Japanese gets better (improves), I study everyday. & \seqsplit{【小説家】しょうせつかになるために本をたくさん読みます。} I read lots of books to become a novelist. \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 7) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{日本語が上手になるように日本人と毎日話します。} I talk to Japanese people everyday to improve my Japanese. & \{\{fa-rocket\}\}ために is used as we are talking about becoming a person with profession \tn % Row Count 29 (+ 7) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{医者】いしゃになるために} / \seqsplit{【弁護士】べんごしになる} ために / \seqsplit{【教師】きょうしになるために} In order to become a doctor / lawyer / teacher \tn % Row Count 38 (+ 9) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ように vs ために with \textasciitilde{}になる (cont)}} \tn % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{【健康】けんこうになるために} = to be healthy \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{**} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{❗️❗️Note: Please be careful with the word なる to be used with ように and ために} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}