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% Document Info
\author{jennilee}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (time-occasion.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jennilee)
  /Subject (【時】 とき "Time; occasion" Cheat Sheet)
}

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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{【時】 とき "Time; occasion" Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/44626/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 13th October, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.64701 cm} x{4.32999 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Noun: 時："Time; occasion"}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{時 as a noun means "Time; occasion"} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-When used as a pseudo noun, it introduces a subordinate time clause: "The time when..."} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-Subject of the 時 and main clauses can be the same or different.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-When the subjects of the main and subordinate clause are different, the subject of the 時 clause takes が、subject of the main clause typically takes は} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{Phrase + 時 "The time when..."}}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ex.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{仕事しない時に音楽を聴いたり本を読んだりします。} It is WHEN I don't work that I listen to music, read books, etc.} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{学校行く時、バスを乗ります。(The} time) When I go to school, I ride the bus.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{ar\}\} & \{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{時 can nominalize verbs：}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{ar\}\} & 1. V る + 時："Right before I do..." \tn 
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% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{ar\}\} & 2. V-ている + 時："When I am doing..." \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 3. V-た + 時："Right after I do..." \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V る + 時："Right before I do..."}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V る + 時："Right before I do..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V る + 前に / Noun + の前に："Right before I do..."}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-The tense of the whole sentence depends on the tense of the main (second) clause. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-The tense of the whole sentence depends on the tense of the main (second) clause. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
❗️❗️Note: 時 already indicates time so に particle is not needed after it. However, when you attach に、the meaning changes to emphasis. & USAGES: \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 8)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & ★To say something happened before {[}time{]} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & ★To say something happened in front of {[}space / position{]} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{私は寝る時牛乳を飲みました。} I drank milk right before I slept. & \seqsplit{日本旅行する前に日本語を勉強する。} I will study Japanese before traveling to Japan. \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 5)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{食べる時薬を飲みます。} I take my meds right before I eat. & \seqsplit{３０歳になる前に世界中を旅行したい。} Before turning 30, I want to travel all around the world. \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V る + 時："Right before I do..." (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{食べる時薬を飲みました。} I took my meds right before I ate. & \seqsplit{帰る前に、電気を消しました。} Before I went home, I switched off the lights. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{トイレに行く時手を洗う。} I wash my hands right before I go to the washroom. & \seqsplit{テストが始まる前に、トイレに行きませんか。} Aren't you going to the washroom before the test starts? \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 6)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{トイレに行く時手を洗った。} I wash my hands right before I went to the washroom. & ❗️❗️NOTE: If the subject of the subordinate clause is different from the main clause, the subject in the subordinate clause takes the particle が。The subject of the main (2nd) clause typically takes は particle. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 12)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & YOU：Subject of the main (2nd) clause) \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & TEST：Subject of the subordinate (1st) clause) \tn 
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% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 0)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{Noun + の前に "Before Noun"}} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V る + 時："Right before I do..." (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{晩御飯の前にテレビを見ましょう。} Let's watch TV before dinner. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{テストを前に【復習】ふくしゅうしませんか。} Won't you review before the test? \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{彼は子全８女の前に来ました。} He came to school before 8AM. \tn 
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% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{【戦争】せんそうの前に、彼女は英語の先生だった。} Before the war, she was an English teacher. \tn 
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% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
 & \{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{Noun + の前に "In front of..."}} \tn 
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% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{コンビニの前に【自転車】じてんしゃがたくさんあります。} There are many bicycles in front of the convenience store. \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 7)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{私たちの学校の前には美しい公園があります。} There is a beautiful park in front of our school. \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Note: A subordinate clause has a subject and verb but is not a complete sentence because it doesn't convey a complete idea. They usually start off with a conjuction.  \newline  \newline Main clause is a complete sentence and a complete idea by itself because the subject of both the subordinate and main clauses are the same, "I". And because "I" is always the default subject, we don't mention it in Japanese translation.  \newline  \newline 食べてから (subordinate \seqsplit{clause)、手を洗います} (main clause)。}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た時 "Right before"}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V た + 時："Right after I do..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-てから： "Right after doing…"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Vた-あとで or Noun + の後：  "After doing"}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}❗️❗️Note: 時 already indicates time so に particle is not needed after it. However, when you attach に、the meaning changes to emphasis. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Suggests that the second action must happen right after the first action. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Only expressing the order without any emphasis \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-The tense of the whole sentence depends on the tense of the main (second) clause. & -In the present tense emphasize that the first action happening before the second is important & -It doesn't matter how long it takes from first action to next action because there are intervening actions before doing the final action. \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 11)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & ❌❌DONTs: Cannot be used with Nouns, 後で shall be used. . & V-た後で = Even if it's in the past tense has nothing to do with the tense of the whole sentence. The tense of the sentence is decided in the main (2nd) clause. \tn 
% Row Count 41 (+ 13)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た時 "Right before" (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{私は寝た時牛乳を飲みました。} I drank milk right after I slept. & １０分歩いてから、電車にのってくだ\textbackslash{}さい。 After walking 10 minutes, please get on the train. & \seqsplit{卒業したあとで、日本に来た。} I came to Japan after graduation. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{食べた時薬を飲みました。} I took my meds right after I ate. & \seqsplit{トイレを使tってから、手を洗わないといけません。} We must wash our hands after using the restroom. & \seqsplit{シャワーを【浴びる】あびたあと、晩御飯を作る。}   I will make dinner after I take a shower. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 10)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{トイレに行た時手を洗う。} I wash my hands right あfter I go to the washroom. & \seqsplit{洗濯してから、休みます。} Right after doing the laundry, I will rest. & \seqsplit{帰った後で、電気をつけました。} (Right after) After I get home, I switched on the lights. \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 8)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{トイレに行た時手を洗った。} I wash my hands right after I went to the washroom. & \seqsplit{お母さんが出かけてから、お父さんは帰ってきた。} (Right) After mom left, dad came home. & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 36 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た時 "Right before" (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{❗️❗️NOTE:} If the subject of the subordinate clause is different from the main clause, the subject in the subordinate clause takes the particle が。The subject of the main (2nd) clause typically takes は particle. & \{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{There are times when てから makes more sense to use than 多後で：}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 18)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{DAD：Subject} of the main (2nd) clause) & 1. Instructions in a recipe book \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{MOM：Subject} of the subordinate (1st) clause) & 2. When you buy something from the vending machine \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & 3. Medical procedures \tn 
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% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 0)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & \seqsplit{【塩】しおを振り掛けてから、スープに【掻き混ぜる】かきまぜる。} After sprinkling salt, you stir it into the soup. \tn 
% Row Count 38 (+ 11)
\end{tabularx}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た時 "Right before" (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & \seqsplit{彼女はドアを閉めてからロックをかける。} After she closes the door, she will lock it. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & \seqsplit{お金を入れてから、ボタンを押します。} I will press the button after inserting the money. \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 9)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & \seqsplit{薬を飲んでから、休みます。} You will rest after drinking medicine. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 6)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & \seqsplit{日本人は食べてから、「ごちそうさまでした」と言います。} After eating, Japanese say, "gochisou sama deshita." \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 11)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た時 "Right before" (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
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 &  & \{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{Noun + の後 "After the (noun)...}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 21
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 &  & \seqsplit{晩御飯の後でテレビを見ましょう。} Let's watch TV after dinner. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
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\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & \seqsplit{彼は午前８時の後で来ました。} He came to school after 8AM. \tn 
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% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & \seqsplit{仕事の後で、僕と映画を見ませんか。} Won't you watch a movie with me after work? \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-る 時 vs V-た 時}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{With verbs, it helps to keep in mind that non-past form indicates an action that happens "all the time" or is "not yet completed".} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The past form is used when the action is "over and finished".} \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-る とき  (Non-past) "Right before"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-た とき  (Past) "Right after"}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}Indicates an action that happens "all the time" or is "not yet completed" & \{\{bt=2\}\}Used when the action is "over and finished" \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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日本へ行く \seqsplit{とき、カメラを買いました。} & 日本へ行った \seqsplit{とき、カメラを買いました。} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I bought a camera when I was on my way to Japan. & I bought a camera when I went to Japan. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
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\SetRowColor{white}
(Before reaching Japan, on the way there) & (Arrived in Japan and bought a camera there) \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
❗️❗️ & ❗️❗️ \tn 
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% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
行く indicates that the action had not been completed. The speaker bought a camera somewhere on his/her way to Japan. (the camera could be bought in his/her own country). & 行った indicates that the action had been completed and the speaker bought a camera after arriving in Japan. \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-る 時 vs V-た 時 (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{⭕️部屋に入る} \seqsplit{とき、「失礼します」と言います。} & \seqsplit{⭕️今朝友達に会った} \seqsplit{とき、「おはようございます」と言いました。} \tn 
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% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I say "Excuse Me" before entering the room. & I said "Good Morning" when I met my friend this morning. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
In this case you cannot use \seqsplit{部屋に入ったとき} because it will mean that you are saying "Excuse Me" after you have entered the room. It's considered rude if you do this to your boss. & In this case you cannot use \seqsplit{今朝友達に会うとき} because it will mean that you were saying "Good Morning" before you met your friend. You would be talking to no one if you did that. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 10)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-ている + 時："When I am doing..."}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-ている + 時："When I am doing..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-ている + 【間】 あいだ："When I am doing..."}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Used when V2 (main clause) is over in an instant. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Used when two actions happen over a span of time and there are some overlap duration. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{私が勉強している時お父さんが電気を消してしまった。} & \seqsplit{私が勉強している【間】あいだお父さんはテレビを見ていた。} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
When I was studying, dad unfortunately switched off the lights. & When I was studying, dad was watching TV. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
(Nuance: Happens quickly in an instant) & (Nuance: Main verb is 見ていた which happens over a period of time, overlapping the time "when I was studying") \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{時 with stative verb in main clause}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{When V2 is in the past tense and V1 is a stative verb, then V1 can be either non-past or past. }}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{When I was at the school, I spoke to Mr Tanaka.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{いる = stative verb} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Thus, you can use the present or past tense: いる / いた} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️学校にいる時田中先生と話しました。}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️学校にいた時田中先生と話しました。}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{時 with Adjectives}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{い-Adj}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{な-Adj}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}❗️❗️Note: Adjectives are stative, hence, it can be in the past tense if the main verb is in the past tense. It does not matter.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{天気が暑い時海に行きます。} When the weather is hot, I go to the beach. & \seqsplit{【静か】しずかな時【中国語】ちゅうごく語を勉強します。} When it's quiet, I study Chinese. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{天気が暑かった時海に行きました。} I went to the beach when it was hot. & \seqsplit{おばあさんは元気な時公園を【散歩】さんぽします。} Grandma strolls the park when she's fine. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{私は【寂しい】さびしい時お母さんに【相談】そうだんします。} When I am lonely, I talk to mom. & \seqsplit{【暇】ひまな時何をしますか。暇な時は運動します。
What} do you do when you're free? When I'm free, I exercise. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 7)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{【株】かぶは安い時は買います。高い時は売ります。} About stocks, I buy when it's cheap. I sell when it's high. & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nouns + の時}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}Nouns + の時} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{この + の時：This time} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{その + の時：That time (when the speaker and listener knows "that time")} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{あの + の時：That time (only the speaker is familiar with but the listener isn't)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{どの + の時：Which time} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{その時、私はまだ学生だった。} & At that time, I was still a student. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{子供の時私はひらがなを覚えました。} & I memorized the Hiragana alphabet when i was a child. \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{夏の時【かき氷】かきごうりを食べましょう。} & Let's eat shaved ice when it's summer. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{【祭り】まつりの時、この【町】まちは【賑やか】にぎやかになる。} & This town becomes lively when it's festival time. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{時 ＋の (to nominalize clauses)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{時 can also be used to nominalize clauses when you add の (nominalizer) right after it. }}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{林さんは会社の時の知り合いです。} & Mr Hayashi is an acquaintance from my time at the company. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{あなたといる時の自分が一番好き。} & I like myself best when I'm with you. (Lit. It is the time that I am with you that I like my self best.) \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{日本人は子供の時から【豆腐】とうふを食べます。} & Japanese people eat tofu since childhood. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{僕は君といる時が一番好きです。} & I like best the time when I'm with you. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Common mistake while using 時}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{とき (toki) is a time expression. Therefore, if there is already a time expression in a sentence, you don't add in とき after that time expression.}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{❌朝の \seqsplit{とき、コーヒーを飲みます。}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️朝コーヒーを飲みます。}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{I drink coffee in the morning.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 0)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{⭕️眠い \seqsplit{とき、コーヒーを飲みます。}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{I drink coffee when I am sleepy.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{〜とき and Different Particles}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ときも  "Too; also" / ときにも  "At that time too"}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}に = underlines the time period you're referring to} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{も = indicates the time in addition to some other time(s).} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{小さいときにも、日本に住んでいました。}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{When I was little, I lived in Japan too.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ar\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{VS} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{小さいときにも、日本に住んでいました。}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{When I was little, I lived in Japan too.} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Nuance: }} As you know now, に underlines the time period you're referring to, while も indicates you lived in Japan at that time in addition to some other time(s).} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}