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% Document Info
\author{jennilee}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (supposed-to.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jennilee)
  /Subject (もんだ "Supposed to" Cheat Sheet)
}

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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{もんだ "Supposed to" Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/44401/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 18th September, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
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\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ものだ / もんだ common knowledge}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Formation:}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Verb (present plain) & + ものだ / もんだ \tn 
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% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Verb (ない form) & + ものじゃない \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
い- Adj & + \seqsplit{ものではありません} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{な- Adj} \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Usages:} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.1 Used when you stage a common/popular belief or general knowledge/common \seqsplit{sense/当たり前。Statement} is objective. }}} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【吸血鬼】きゅうけつきにんにくが【嫌い】きらいなものだ。} Vampires hate garlic. (Lit. It is a popular belief that Vampires hate garlic.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.2 "Should; Supposed to; must; ought to…" Stating a fact. Something that normally/generally happens.  }}} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{人は【完璧】かんぺきじゃないものだ。	(It's} well-known that) people aren't perfect.} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{生き物はいつか死ぬものだ。		Living} things are supposed to eventually die.} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{時間の【無駄】むだだから、人の【悪口】わるぐちを言うもんじゃない。It's} a waste od time so you shouldn't badmouth others.} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 4)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【悪い】わるいことをしたら、【謝る】あやまるもんだ。} If you do something bad, you are supposed to apologize.} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ものだ / もんだ common knowledge (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{❌❌Normally, we do not put a verb-past in front of もんじゃない with the meaning of "Normally; to be supposed to". But there's a popular expression that says \seqsplit{「人生捨てたもんじゃない。」} Life isn't so bad (shouldn't be thrown away).} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 0)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.3 Indicates surprise (positive or negative). Does not matter if it's in the present or past tense. This is not very common. よく + ね (I can't believis much more common in spoken language.}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【驚いた】おどろいたもんだ。} I'm so surprised.} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{VS} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【驚いた】おどろいた}. I'm so surprised.  (Sounds the same but もんだ sounds formal)} \tn 
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% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{よく２０時間も寝られるね。} (よく + ね : I can't believe) How can you sleep as much as 20 hours?} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.4 V-たもの "Used to..." }}} \tn 
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% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【家族】かぞくとよくここに来たもんだ。} I used to come here often with my family.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Common Expression: }}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{そんなもんだよ。						It} is what it is.} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{難しいものです。						It's} supposed to be difficult.} \tn 
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% Row 30
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{そういうものだ。/} \seqsplit{そんなものだ。			That's} the way it is.} \tn 
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% Row 31
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【人生】じんせいそんなもんだよ。				That's} life. / That's the way life is.} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ものだ / もんだ common knowledge (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{**} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{❗️❗️Note: べき is almost like a societal level "should". Like, if something is べき, it's cause it's the right thing to do. It's a little judgmental.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ものだ "Normally" "To be supposed to"}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ものだ / もんだ "Normally" "To be supposed to…" "Generally speaking…" }}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{ \{\{bt=2\}\}STATING FACTS (objective)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-Not telling anyone to do anything or giving advice but just saying "it's a popular opinion"} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ar\}\}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【お年寄り】おとしよりに【席】せきを【譲る】ゆずものだ。} You should give up your seat to the elderly.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(You are not telling anyone to do anything. You are just giving a statement)} \tn 
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% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【借りた】かりたら、【返す】かえすもんだ。} If you borrow something, you are supposed to return it.} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た 【もんだ】  "Used to" nostalgia}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Words used often: \seqsplit{昔は、子供の時、よく、Adverb} of frequency} \tn 
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% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-た 【もんだ】 "Used to V…"  }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(Adv of frequency) + ... Vたっけ？"Used to V…"}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{❌❌ DONTs: It's not used with something you've only done once.}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{❗️❗️Adding \seqsplit{よく/毎日/毎週} (adv of frequency) in your sentence also adds that nostalgic feeling because if this is not added, it will sound like you just can't remember it and just trying to recall something (V-たっけ？)}} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 14)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
"Used to V" PAST TENSE & -Used to recall something from the past \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
-Expresses nostalgia. -Speaker used to do something often in the past and you do not do it anymore & -Talk about the past and get that feeling of nostalgia "We used to…". \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 5)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 0)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{子供の時、森に虫を【捕まえ】つかまえ行ったもんだ。When} I was a kid, I used to catch mosquitoes in the woods. & ❌ \seqsplit{昨日何食べたっけ？} What did I eat yesterday? (I can't remember) (trying to recall something) \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 7)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た 【もんだ】  "Used to" nostalgia (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{子供の時、森に虫を【捕まえ】つかまえ行ったもんだ。When} I was a kid, I used to catch mosquitoes in the woods. & \seqsplit{よく家族とここに来たっけ。} I used to come here often with my family.  (You have to sound confident to sound nostalgic.) \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
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\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{【家族】かぞくとよくここに来たもんだ。} I used to come here often with my family. & VS \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 5)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{よくウォークマンを聞いてたもんだ。} I used to often listen to my Walkman. & \seqsplit{家族とここに来たっけ？} Did I come here with my family? \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{【毎週末】まいしゅうまつ家族とバーベキューしてたっけ。} I used to have barbecues with my family every weekends. \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 7)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{**} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Vocabs:  \newline  \newline 祖父】そふ: grandfather (formal) \newline 【田んぼ】たんぼ: rice field}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}