\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{jennilee}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (summary-of-particles.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jennilee)
  /Subject (Summary of Particles Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
\addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm}
\addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm}
\addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm}
\addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns
\setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content
\setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
\definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{9C84A3}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F8F7F9}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Summary of Particles Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/44657/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 16th October, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4177 cm} x{1.54549 cm} p{0.4177 cm} x{1.79611 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Summary of Particles}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
は & topic and contrast & へ & direction and destination \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
が & subject, but, object of verbal adjectives & で & location of an action, \seqsplit{instrument/method}, scope/domain, time limit, material \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
か & question, or & を & direct object, passage \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
も & also, even & と & and (complete listing), with, quotation \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
の & possession, of the, apposition & や & and (incomplete listing), and etcetera \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
に & location of existence, direction of movement, specific time, entry, indirect object, change, per & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 7)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{から} & from, starting point, origin, source, because & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{まで} & until, end point, destination & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.08602 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.00248 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{は：Topic and Contrast}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Topic  "As for…"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Change of Topic "What about…"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Contrast / Comparison}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Quantifier + は "At least (amount)"}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Main focus comes after は. Important part of the sentence comes after は & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Introduce new topic & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{ar\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
今日は \seqsplit{木曜日です。} & A. \seqsplit{この本はおもしろいです。} & A. \seqsplit{猫は好きですか。} & \seqsplit{家を【建てる】たてるのに、４０００万円は必要です。} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 9)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Today is Thursday. & This book is \seqsplit{interesting}. & Do you like cats? & At least forty million yen is required to build a house. \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & B. \seqsplit{この本は}? & B. ああ,犬は好きです。 & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.08602 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.00248 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{は：Topic and Contrast (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & What about this book? & (I don't like cats) but I like dogs. & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{が：subject, but, object of verbal adj}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Subject / For emphasis}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Main focus comes BEFORE が} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{日本が綺麗です。} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{IT IS Japan that is beautiful. (emphasis)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{IT IS Japan that is beautiful. (emphasis)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 0)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{か： Question; Or}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Question Particle}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Enumerative "Or"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Plain \seqsplit{V/Potential} V/Adj + \seqsplit{かどうか} \seqsplit{"Whether/If...} or not.}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{QW (+ particle) + V/Adj/N plain + か / のか / なのか}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-かい is a very informal form of \seqsplit{か。This} usage in real life, is largely limited to male speakers of the Kanto region and even among those, they only use it with people that they know very well and that are as old as or younger than the speaker. & Aか, Bか Verb "Whether A or B" (Listing 2 options; applies to \seqsplit{affirmative} and negative verbs)\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Used when there are no \seqsplit{interrogative} words. This can be used with Potential V. Also, どうか can be omitted in spoken language. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-If you wish to combine two sentences (with an indirect question clause - clause) Ex. I don't know {\bf{where}} he went. Note: When you emphasize the meaning, \seqsplit{uncertainty} or doubts, you add の \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 26)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{か： Question; Or (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{❌❌DONTs:} Do not ever use かい with a stranger or someone you have just met on the street. & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{ゆきさんは} 英語が \seqsplit{分かりますか。}  Does Yuki \seqsplit{understand} English? & \seqsplit{あなたが私かが行きます。} Either you or I will go. & \{\{fa-rocket\}\}{\bf{Normal：}} & \{\{fa-rocket\}\}{\bf{Normal：}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 8)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{いいかい？} Is it okay?  (Surely sounds MUCH softer) & \seqsplit{行くか行かないか分からない。I} don't know if I will go or not. & \seqsplit{その話は本当ですか。調べてください。} Is that story true? Please check. & \seqsplit{彼はいつ来ますか。教えてください。} When does he come? Please let me know. \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 10)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & \{\{fa-rocket\}\}{\bf{かどうか：}} & \{\{fa-rocket\}\}{\bf{か：}} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{か： Question; Or (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & \seqsplit{その話は本当かどうか、調べてください。} Please check whether the story is true or not & \seqsplit{彼はいつ来るか、} \seqsplit{教えてください。} Please let me know when he comes. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{も： Also; even}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Noun + も "Also; Too"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{"Even..." (emphasis)}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{For predicates}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Double particle}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Indicates that the word member of the group of this a ings or people that belong together & \{\{bt=2\}\}-The particle も can also add emphasis on what comes before it in both a positive or a negative way. It shows that something is either \seqsplit{surprising} or extreme. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Can also be used in the \seqsplit{predicate.} If the predicate is a noun or a & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Can be used with other particles, such as にも, でも, とも, or へも. Just like when it's used alone, も adds the nuance that the word or phrase is a part of a set. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 19)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{-Indicates} that the word member of the group of this a ings or people that belong together & \{\{ar\}\} & な- adj: で + \seqsplit{ある、	} い- adj: く+ ある & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{も： Also; even (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{これも変じゃない。This} isn't weird, either. & \seqsplit{彼はさようならも言わなかった。} He didn't even say goodbye. (He did not say even goodbye.) & \seqsplit{ジェニーは先生でもある。} Jenny is also a teacher. & \seqsplit{ジェニーにもあげる。} I'll also give it to Jenny. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{すずきさんも日本語の先生です。}  \seqsplit{Suzuki-san} is also a Japanese teacher. & \seqsplit{アイスとチョコを食べた後に、パンプキンパイも食べたの！？} After eating ice cream and chocolate, you even ate a pumpkin pie!? & \seqsplit{ここは静かでもある。} This place is also quiet. & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 16)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & \seqsplit{クモはかわいくもある。} Spiders are also cute. & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{も： Also; even (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Counter / Quantity + も}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Question Word + も (Positive form)}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{{\emph{*Question Word + も (Negative form)}}}}* & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Question Word + でも}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
-When もis added after counters, it adds the nuance that the \seqsplit{number/quantity} is big.\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 10)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-Express that something or the quantity is too much/a lot is & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 6)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 0)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{どれも:} Anywhere & \seqsplit{どれも:} Nowhere & \seqsplit{どれでも} whichever \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{ゲーセンで一万円もつかちゃった。} Oops! I spent 10,000 yen in the arcade. & 誰も: Anyone & \seqsplit{だれも:} No one & \seqsplit{いつでも} whatever \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{も： Also; even (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{いつも:} Anytime & 何も: Nothing & 何でも whatever \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 何も: Anything & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{の： possession; of the; apposition}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Possession：　My (Noun)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}N2 is N1} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{私のカバン。} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{ar\}\}My bag.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{に：Direction; destination; indirect object}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Direction/Destination }}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}Verbs: \seqsplit{行く、来る、帰る、戻る}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Movement: Destination/Goal (Can be replaced with へ)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{東京に行きます。 I will go to Tokyo.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{毎週末】まいしゅうまつ} \seqsplit{ジムに（へ）いきます。} I go to the gym every weekend.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 0)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 0)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{To get in/To enter Verb}}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}Verbs: \seqsplit{にはいる、に乗る、にすむ、に参加する、}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 0)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 0)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 0)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{彼女は電車に乗ります。She} rides a train.} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 0)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 0)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 0)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Direction towards somebody }}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-Giving/receiving to/from someone} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Verbs: あげる, かく, おくる,  もらう, おしえる} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 0)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{おかあさんにとけいをもらった}. I received a watch from my mom.} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{おかあさんにとけいをもらった}. I received a watch from my mom.} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{へ： Direction and destination}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Direction and destination}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{To welcome someone to a destination}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}Often interchangeable with に。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Only function that cannot be substituted by に \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Verbs：行く、来る、帰る、戻る} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{東京へ行きます。} & \seqsplit{東京へようこそ。} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I will go to Tokyo. & Welcome to Tokyo. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{で：Location of an action}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Place of Action}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Method; instrument}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Time limit}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Scope/Domain \seqsplit{(Comparing} things)}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Where does the action occur. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-How the action is done. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-How fast can you do things. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Indicates the domain in comparing 3 or more things using \seqsplit{adjectives} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{❗️❗️Note:} (で) 寝る： Only \seqsplit{non-action} verb that can be used as this verb in Japanese is an action verb since sleeping means burning calories & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 16)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{私は【食堂】しょくどうで食べます。} & \seqsplit{日本人をお【箸】はしで食べます。} & \seqsplit{私は５分で朝ごはんを食べます。} & \seqsplit{【果物】くだものの中で、りんごが一番美味しいです。} \tn 
% Row Count 37 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{で：Location of an action (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I eat in the \seqsplit{cafeteria.} & Japanese people eat with \seqsplit{chopsticks}. & I eat breakfast in 5 minutes. & Of all fruits, apple is the most \seqsplit{delicious.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{で：Location of an action}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Place of Action}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Where does the action occur.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{❗️❗️Note: (で) 寝る： Only non-action verb that can be used as this verb in Japanese is an action verb since sleeping means burning calories} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{私は【食堂】しょくどうで食べます。}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{I eat in the cafeteria.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{を：Direct object; Passage}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Direct Object}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Passage}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Answers the question "what?" of the verb & \{\{bt=2\}\}When the verb of passage, where the action occurs takes the particle を \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-Object or receiver of the action & Verb of passage：walk, run, fly, go through \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{彼女は水を飲みました。} & \seqsplit{毎朝、彼は公園を歩きます。} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
She drank water. (What did she drink? "Water") & He walks in the park every morning. \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{と：And; with; quotation}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{And (complete listing)}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{With}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Quotes and quotations}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Indicates that you only bought two things. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Together with & \{\{bt=2\}\}-What's being quoted is indicated by the particle と \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & -Indicate quotes using the verb：to think, to write, to read, to become \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{私は魚と野菜を買いました。} & \seqsplit{彼女は友達と映画を見ました。} & \seqsplit{先生はおはようと言いました。} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
I bought fish and vegetables. & She saw a movie with a friend. & The sensei said good morning. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{や： And (partial listing), and etc}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{And (incomplete listing); \textasciitilde{}and so on}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Enumerate/list things} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{私は魚野菜を買いました。}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{I bought fish, veggies, etc.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.96071 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.08602 cm} x{1.08602 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{から：From; starting point; origin}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{From}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Starting point; origin}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Source; Denotes material}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Because (when put after a verb)}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{ar\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}-When the end product looks nothing like the raw material & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{私はカナダから来ました。} & \seqsplit{学校は月曜日からです。} & \seqsplit{お酒はお米から作ります。} & \seqsplit{冬が寒いですから、コートを着ます。} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 6)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I come from Canada. & School starts from Monday. & Sake is made from rice. & Because winter is cold, I wear a coat. \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & (Nuance: Monday takes particle に to indicate specific time but から is used, it means that school is a \seqsplit{continuing} thing and that Monday is when it starts.) & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 38 (+ 16)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{まで：Until; end point; destination}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\emph{Up to; until}}** & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{End point}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Indicates the end point & \{\{bt=2\}\}に/へ can be used to indicate destination but the use of まで gives the nuance that you will be dropping places on the way \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{から十まで【数える】かぞえてください。} & \seqsplit{私は北海度から【沖縄】おきなわまで行きます。} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Please count from 1 to 10. & I'm going from Hokkaido to Okinawa. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}