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% Document Info
\author{jennilee}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (should-subjective.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jennilee)
  /Subject (はず "Should" subjective Cheat Sheet)
}

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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{はず "Should" subjective Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/44396/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 22nd October, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pseudonoun：はず}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Formation: }}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Verb (dictionary form) + はず} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{V-ない + はず (Should not be; I expect is not...)} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{V-た + はず (I'm sure one did something; should have done...)} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{い-adjective} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Noun + の} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{な-adjective + な} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Functions:}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Nominalize verbs / verb clauses} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Modifies adjectives} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{3. Can be described by demonstrative pronouns　} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ex. そのはず "That should be; I suppose so..."} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{こんなはず、そんなはず}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{4. Combines with other nouns using the particle　の} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{5. \seqsplit{Negation：はずがない} "Its improbable that"} \tn 
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% Row 16
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{6. はずなのに; はずなのですが; はずなのですけど "It should be but; I thought that but"} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Similar Grammar: }}} \tn 
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はず = Expectation & わけ = Outright Conclusion (based on what the speaker saw or heard) \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect; Supposed to be that"}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.1 meaning. "Should; I expect" is used for \seqsplit{expectations}, not \seqsplit{suggestions} or advice. It should happen based on your judgment}} & \{\{border=1\}\}*1.2 meaning. "It should be; I expect; It's supposed to be" Not so sure but Z & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.3 meaning \seqsplit{そのはず} "I suppose so; it should be; It is so" }}* & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.4 It's supposed to be... but..."}}* \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 15)
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\SetRowColor{white}
 &  &  & {\emph{Ways:}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
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 &  &  & ★ \seqsplit{はずなのに} \tn 
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 &  &  & ★ \seqsplit{はずなのですが}... \tn 
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 &  &  & ★ \seqsplit{はず飯ですけど}... \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Verb}}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{てつやは【約束】やくそくしたから、来るはず。} & \seqsplit{毎日日本語を勉強したから、日本語【能力試験】のうりょくしけんに【受かる】うかるはず。/} \seqsplit{【合格】ごうかくできるはず。} & A. \seqsplit{【出張】しゅっちょうは明日ですか。} & \seqsplit{みんながもう帰ったはずなのに、【事務所】じむしょの電気がまだついてる。} \tn 
% Row Count 45 (+ 20)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect; Supposed to be that" (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Tetsuya promised, so he is supposed to come. (Because Tetsuya promised, I expect him to come.) & Because I studied Japanese everyday, I'm sure I can pass the JLPT. & Is your business trip tomorrow? & It's supposed to be that everyone already went home, but the office lights are still on. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
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\SetRowColor{white}
 & VS & B. \seqsplit{ええ、そのはずですが。} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
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 & \seqsplit{毎日日本語を勉強したから、日本語【能力試験】のうりょくしけんに【受かる】うかったはず。/} \seqsplit{【合格】ごうかくできるはず。} & Yes, I suppose so. & \seqsplit{彼女のことはもう忘れたはずなんですけど} \seqsplit{彼女の名前を聞いたら。。。} \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 21)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect; Supposed to be that" (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & I must have passed the JLPT. (If you have already taken the exam and you don't know the result yet) & \{\{ar\}\} & It's supposed to  be that I' ve forgotten about her but when I hear her name... \tn 
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{\emph{い-Adj}} & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\seqsplit{【熱帯地方】ねったいちほうにあるフィリピンは【一年中】いちねんじゅう【暖かい】あたたかいはずです。} & \seqsplit{トニーは昨日パーティーにいたはず。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 15)
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\SetRowColor{white}
The \seqsplit{Philippines} which is in the tropics, should be warm all year round. & I'm sure Tony was at the party \seqsplit{yesterday.} & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 8)
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect; Supposed to be that" (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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{\emph{Noun}} & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\seqsplit{【飛行機】ひこうきは【空港】くうこうに８寺【到着】とうちゃくのはずです。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
It should be that the plane's arrival at the airport is at 8o'clock. / The plane's arrival at the airport should be at 8o'clock. & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{フェラーリを持っている人はお金持ちのはずだ。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 7)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect; Supposed to be that" (cont)}}  \tn
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He who owns a Ferrari should be a rich man. & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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{\emph{な-Adj}} & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\seqsplit{まさこは１０年間イギリスに住んでいるから、まさこは英語が上手なはず。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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Because Masako has been living in Europe for 20 years, she should be good at English. & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\seqsplit{【大都会】だいとかいと言われる東京は【賑やか】にぎやかなはずです。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 37 (+ 10)
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect; Supposed to be that" (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Tokyo, which is called a big city, should be lively. & \{\{ar\}\} &  &  \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Vocabs:}}  \newline  \newline 【無事】ぶじ : safety, security, peace, quiet \newline 試験に【受かる】うかる (don't use potential) \newline 試験に【合格する】ごうかくする (use potential) \newline 試験に【受ける】うける : To take an exam \newline 【大都会】だいとかい：big city \newline 【熱帯地方】ねったいちほう：tropics \newline 出張】しゅっちょう：business trip}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" comparisons}}  \tn
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\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-plain + はず "I expect; supposed; should (expectations)"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-plain + はず "(not sure but" I expect; supposed to"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-た + \seqsplit{ほうがいい} "Should; had better" }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-た + \seqsplit{らいい...(ですか)} "Should I?; You \seqsplit{should..."} }} \tn 
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\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-One should happen as per your judgment and expectations}} & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Not so sure but you hope or expect very strongly}} & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Give opinion, advise \seqsplit{(IMPOSING)}. よ is added at the end to sound friendly}} & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Give/ask for \seqsplit{suggestions/} \seqsplit{recommendations} (SOFTER)}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 10)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & \seqsplit{❗️❗️Note:} There is such a thing as the present form of V-る + \seqsplit{ほうがいい} which is a weaker advice, and is mostly like a \seqsplit{suggestion}. & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 15)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" comparisons (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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\seqsplit{明日は雨のはず。				There} should be rain tomorrow. & \seqsplit{お母さんは【無事】ぶじなはずです。} My mom should be safe. & \seqsplit{電車で行ったほうがいい。	} It's better to go by train. & -When (A) happens, it will be good. (Medium \seqsplit{strength/certainty)} \tn 
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\seqsplit{ミサの赤ちゃんは可愛いはず。			Misa's} baby must be cute. (I expect) & \seqsplit{有名なレストランですから、美味しいはずです。} As it is a famous \seqsplit{restaurant}, it should be \seqsplit{delicious.} & \seqsplit{頭が痛いなら、くすりをのんだほうがいいよ。	} If you have a headache, you should take medicine. & A. \seqsplit{車の【鍵】かぎをなくしたんですが、どうしたらいいですか。} I lost my car key, what should I do? \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 13)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{誰もいないので、【静かな】しずかなはずです。	Nobody} is here so it should be quiet. & \seqsplit{日本は安全だったはずですよね。} Japan was supposed to be safe, wasn't it? & \seqsplit{しゅうに３かいぐらいうんどしたほうがいいよ。	} It's better to exercise 3 times a week. & B. \seqsplit{【整備士】せいびしを呼んだらいいですよ。} You should call a mechanic. \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 11)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" comparisons (cont)}}  \tn
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\seqsplit{誰もいないので、【静かな】しずかなはずです。	Nobody} is here so it should be quiet. & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
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\seqsplit{先生は【教室】きょうしつにいるはず。The} teacher should be in the \seqsplit{classroom.} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 10)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{(はるきの)気持ちがわかるはず。I} \seqsplit{understand} how you feel (Haruki's \seqsplit{feelings).} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" comparisons (cont)}}  \tn
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\seqsplit{知ってるはず。You} should know. & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た + 【はず】  I'm sure (as I expect)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-た + 【はず】 "I'm sure… (as I expect strongly)" }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-る + \seqsplit{【はずだった/でした】}  "Was supposed to (but didn't)"}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}Verb Past : "I'm sure… (as I expect)" & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Used when you thought something was supposed to happen didn't. \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
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行ったはず。 & \seqsplit{ニューヨークに行くはずだった。} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I'm sure he went. & I was supposed to go to New York. \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{息子がゴミを出してくれたはず。} & \seqsplit{１２月にニューヨークに行くはずだったけど、行けなかった。} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 5)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I'm sure my son took out the trash for me. & I was supposed to go to New York in December but I couldn't go. \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{息子がゴミをだずはずでした。} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & My son was supposed to take out the trash but didn't. \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はずがない、 V-ないはず "There's no way"}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-ないはず "I expect there shouldn't be; I'm sure there is not..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{はずがない "There's no way...; It's improbable..."}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{-This is basically just the same with V-ない + はず (I'm sure; I expect that there's  no...) but this grammar is stronger.}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 8)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{テストがないはず。} & \seqsplit{今日はテストがあるはずがない。} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I'm sure there's no test. & There's no way there's a test today. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{【間違えない】まちがえなかったはず。} & \seqsplit{【間違えた】まちがえたはずがない。} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I'm sure I didn't make a mistake. / I shouldn't have made a mistake. & There is no way I made a mistake. \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{ヘッドホンをしているから、聞こえないはず。} & \seqsplit{一人で【動かせた】うごかせたはずがない。} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Because she's wearing headphones, I'm sure she can't hear us. & There's no way he could've moved it alone. \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はずがない、 V-ないはず "There's no way" (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{そんなはずはない問いもいますが。} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 0)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{Common Expressions: }} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{そんなはずはないと思いますが。} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & It can't be, I believe. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{そんなはずじゃなかったが。} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & It couldn't have been so. / NO WAY! \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}