\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{jennilee} \pdfinfo{ /Title (should-subjective.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (jennilee) /Subject (はず "Should" subjective Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{7298A3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F6F8F9} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{はず "Should" subjective Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/44396/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\ \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 18th September, 2024.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" MEANINGS}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Formation: }}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Verb (dictionary form) + はず} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{V-ない + はず (Should not be; I expect is not...)} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{V-た + はず (I'm sure one did something; should have done...)} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{い-adjective} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Noun + の} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{な-adjective + な} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 0) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.1 meaning. "Should; I expect" is used for expectations, not suggestions or advice. It should happen based on your judgment}}} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 3) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{まさこは10年間イギリスに住んでいるから、まさこは英語が上手なはず。} Because Masako has been living in Europe for 20 years, she should be good at English.} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 5) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{てつやは【約束】やくそくしたから、来るはず。} Tetsuya promised, so he is supposed to come. (Because Tetsuya promised, I expect him to come.)} \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 4) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 0) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{1.2 meaning. "It should be; I expect; It's supposed to be" Not so sure but you hope or expect very strongly}}} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 3) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{毎日日本語を勉強したから、日本語【能力試験】のうりょくしけんに【受かる】うかるはず。/} \seqsplit{【合格】ごうかくできるはず。} Because I studied Japanese everyday, I'm sure I can pass the JLPT.} \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 6) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" MEANINGS (cont)}} \tn % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{VS} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{毎日日本語を勉強したから、日本語【能力試験】のうりょくしけんに【受かる】うかったはず。/} \seqsplit{【合格】ごうかくできるはず。} I must have passed the JLPT. (If you have already taken the exam and you don't know the result yet)} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 7) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{トニーは昨日パーティーにいたはず。I'm} sure Tony was at the party yesterday.} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 17 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{**} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Vocabs:}} \newline \newline 【無事】ぶじ : safety, security, peace, quiet \newline 試験に【受かる】うかる (don't use potential) \newline 試験に【合格する】ごうかくする (use potential) \newline 試験に【受ける】うける : To take an exam} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" comparisons}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-plain + はず "I expect; supposed; should (expectations)"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-plain + はず "(not sure but" I expect; supposed to"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-た + \seqsplit{ほうがいい} "Should; had better" }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-た + \seqsplit{らいい...(ですか)} "Should I?; You \seqsplit{should..."} }} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 8) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-One should happen as per your judgment and expectations}} & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Not so sure but you hope or expect very strongly}} & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Give opinion, advise \seqsplit{(IMPOSING)}. よ is added at the end to sound friendly}} & \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{\{\{bt=2\}\}-Give/ask for \seqsplit{suggestions/} \seqsplit{recommendations} (SOFTER)}} \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 10) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 0) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{明日は雨のはず。 There} should be rain tomorrow. & \seqsplit{お母さんは【無事】ぶじなはずです。} My mom should be safe. & \seqsplit{電車で行ったほうがいい。 } It's better to go by train. & -When (A) happens, it will be good. (Medium \seqsplit{strength/certainty)} \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 8) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{ミサの赤ちゃんは可愛いはず。 Misa's} baby must be cute. (I expect) & \seqsplit{有名なレストランですから、美味しいはずです。} As it is a famous \seqsplit{restaurant}, it should be \seqsplit{delicious.} & \seqsplit{頭が痛いなら、くすりをのんだほうがいいよ。 } If you have a headache, you should take medicine. & A. \seqsplit{車の【鍵】かぎをなくしたんですが、どうしたらいいですか。} I lost my car key, what should I do? \tn % Row Count 39 (+ 13) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" comparisons (cont)}} \tn % Row 5 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{誰もいないので、【静かな】しずかなはずです。 Nobody} is here so it should be quiet. & \seqsplit{日本は安全だったはずですよね。} Japan was supposed to be safe, wasn't it? & \seqsplit{しゅうに3かいぐらいうんどしたほうがいいよ。 } It's better to exercise 3 times a week. & B. \seqsplit{【整備士】せいびしを呼んだらいいですよ。} You should call a mechanic. \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 11) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{誰もいないので、【静かな】しずかなはずです。 Nobody} is here so it should be quiet. & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 11) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{先生は【教室】きょうしつにいるはず。The} teacher should be in the \seqsplit{classroom.} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 32 (+ 10) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はず "Should; I expect" comparisons (cont)}} \tn % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{(はるきの)気持ちがわかるはず。I} \seqsplit{understand} how you feel (Haruki's \seqsplit{feelings).} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 9) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{知ってるはず。You} should know. & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{V-た + 【はず】 I'm sure (as I expect)}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{V-た + 【はず】 "I'm sure… (as I expect strongly)" }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{V-る + \seqsplit{【はずだった/でした】} "Was supposed to (but didn't)"}} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{Verb Past : "I'm sure… (as I expect)"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{-Used when you thought something was supposed to happen didn't.}} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 5) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{Verb Present : "I was supposed to; I expected…"}} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 4) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 0) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 行ったはず。 I'm sure he went. & \seqsplit{ニューヨークに行くはずだった。} I was supposed to go to New York. \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 4) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{息子がゴミを出してくれたはず。} I'm sure my son took out the trash for me. & \seqsplit{12月にニューヨークに行くはずだったけど、行けなかった。} I was supposed to go to New York in December but I couldn't go. \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 8) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & \seqsplit{息子がゴミをだずはずでした。} My son was supposed to take out the trash but didn't. \tn % Row Count 32 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{はずがない vs V-ないはzy "There 's no way"}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-ないはず "I expect there shouldn't be; I'm sure there is not..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{はずがない "There's no way..."}} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{border=1\}\}{\emph{-This is basically just the same with V-ない + はず (I'm sure; I expect that there's no...) but this grammar is stronger.}} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 8) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 0) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{テストがないはず。} I'm sure there's no test. & \seqsplit{今日はテストがあるはずがない。} There's no way there's a test today. \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 5) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{【間違えない】まちがえなかったはず。} I'm sure I didn't make a mistake. / I shouldn't have made a mistake. & \seqsplit{【間違えた】まちがえたはずがない。} There is no way I made a mistake. \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 7) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{ヘッドホンをしているから、聞こえないはず。} Because she's wearing headphones, I'm sure she can't hear us. & \seqsplit{一人で【動かせた】うごかせたはずがない。} There's no way he could've moved it alone. \tn % Row Count 32 (+ 7) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}