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\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{jennilee}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (keigo.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jennilee)
  /Subject (KEIGO Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{KEIGO Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/44552/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 9th October, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

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% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.58804 cm} x{2.38896 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Keigo}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{(Respectful / Honorific Expressions)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{【尊敬語】そんけいご：Honorific} & Superior/client's {[}superior's action{]} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{【謙譲語】けんじょうご：Humble} & Superior/client's {[}own action{]} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{【丁寧語】ていねいご：} Polite & Aquaintance/Work \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Plain Form： Casual & Family/Friends \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{*}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{be/exist} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{come、go} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 0)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{ask/listen} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 0)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{do} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{eat、drink} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 0)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{meet} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{watch、see} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 0)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{give} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 0)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{receive} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{give me} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{wear} \tn 
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% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 0)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{say} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 0)
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{take} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{know} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 0)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{sleep} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 0)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\textasciitilde{}ing} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{be} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.92234 cm} p{0.68655 cm} x{1.96811 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SONKEIGO = Superior/client's {[}action{]}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{尊敬語 = Used when we are talking to or referring to someone who is superior to us. Ex. Boss, elders, clients, teachers, customers. Can be heard in business or formal situations.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{-Focus on listener's or other's action (we are putting them up)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ Affirmative}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}\{\{ar\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Negative}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{どちらへ旅行にいらしゃいますか。} & \{\{ar\}\} & A. \seqsplit{田中さんは【忘年会】ぼうねんかいにいらっしゃいますか。} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Where are you going for your trip? & \{\{ar\}\} & Will Ms Tanaka be coming to the year end party? \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 0)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{お子供がいらしゃいますか。} & \{\{ar\}\} & B. \seqsplit{いいえ、いらっしゃらないと思います。} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Do you have any children? & \{\{ar\}\} & No, I don't think he will come. \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{【店内】てんないで召し上がりますか。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Will you be eating here? & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.92234 cm} p{0.68655 cm} x{1.96811 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SONKEIGO = Superior/client's {[}action{]} (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{ご【主人】しゅじんお名前はなんとおっしゃいますか。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
What is your husband's name? & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 0)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{社長は忘年会【忘年会】ぼうねんかいが来週になった事を【故存】ごぞんじですか。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 8)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
Does the president know the year-end party was moved next week? & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 4)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 0)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{どのぐらい日本語を勉強なさいますか。} & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
How long did you study Japanese? & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69349 cm} x{1.23579 cm} x{1.64772 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Passive (Honorific) FIRST LEVEL}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{The passive form is used to speak from the speaker's perspective / to keep the subject "I". (He told me → I was told by him). It is also used to express your feelings (like you are a victim) towards someone/else's action (upset, happy, embarrassed, etc.) or you're trying to think from the victim's POV. ❗️❗️ Note: the passive form is often used to increase the level of politeness.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 0)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Plain & Polite & Passive \seqsplit{【受身形】} \seqsplit{うけみけい} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
(う) verbs, {\bf{replace the vowel in the last sound with the equivalent sound containing あ, then add れる.}} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 8)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 読む read ➜ \seqsplit{読みます} & ➜ 読まれる is read \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 話す speak ➜ \seqsplit{話せます} & はなす speak ➜ 話される is spoken \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 0)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
(る) verbs, {\bf{replace the る with られる.}} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69349 cm} x{1.23579 cm} x{1.64772 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Passive (Honorific) FIRST LEVEL (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 食べる eat ➜ \seqsplit{食べます} & たべる eat ➜ \seqsplit{たべられる} is eaten \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 見る see ➜ 見ます & みる see ➜ 見られる is seen (passive), but みれる can see (potential) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 6)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 0)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Irregular}} & \{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 来る ➜ 来ます & 来る ➜ 来られる (higher degree of politeness) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
 & する ➜ します & される politer than (ます form) ➜ \seqsplit{なさいます} (honorific form, politer still). \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{【尊敬語】 Passive \& V-ます になります}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{First Level：Using Passive Form}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}ます\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}になります}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}-More respectful pattern than the passive form \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & ❌❌DONTs: Cannot be used with 1 mora-verb and Group 3 verbs. Instead, we use special verbs. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{社長はもう帰られました。} The president already went home. & \seqsplit{新しいiPadをお買いになりますか。} Will you be buying the new iPad? \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{お酒をやめられたんですか？} Have you given up drinking? & \seqsplit{パソコンを使いになりますか。} Will you be using the computer? \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{中村さんは７時に来られます。} Mr. Nakamura is coming at seven. & \seqsplit{さといさんがスケジュールをおつかりになりますか。} Did Ms. Satoi make the schedule? \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 6)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{部長は来週シンガポールへ【出張】しゅっちょうされました。} The department head will go on a business trip to Singapore next week. & \seqsplit{会議の予定はいつも部長がお決めになります。} The plan for the meeting is always decided by the department head. \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 8)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{お /ご + Noun、Adj、Adv (Respectful form)}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{お　＝ attached to Japanese origin}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ご ＝ attached to Chinese origin}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}Nouns: \seqsplit{お国、名前、お仕事、お水、お茶、お金、お酒} & \{\{bt=2\}\}Nouns: \seqsplit{ご家族、ご【意見】いけん} \seqsplit{(opinion)、ご旅行、ご注文、ご【注意】ちゅうい} \seqsplit{(caution)、ご【案内】あんあい} (guide)、ご両親 \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Adj: \seqsplit{お元気、お上手、お【暇】ひま、お忙しい、お【若い】わかい} & Adj: \seqsplit{ご【熱心】ねっしん} \seqsplit{(earnest)、ご【新設】しんせつ} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Adv: \seqsplit{ご自由に、ごゆっくり} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SONKEIGO}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{"LEVELS OF ASKING SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING FOR YOU"}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️ここに名前と【住所】じゅうしょを書いてください。}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️こちらに名前とご【住所】じゅうしょをお書きください。}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️こちらに名前とご【住所】じゅうしょをお書きいただけますか。}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️こちらに名前とご【住所】じゅうしょをお書きいただけますでしょうか。
}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Please write your name and address here.} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Note: お (attached to Japanese origin) /ご  (attached to Chinese origin) + Noun, Adj, Adverb to make it a respectful word.} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 0)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 0)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{KEIGO IN PLAIN FORM}}} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-If you are talking to your close friend and referring/talking about someone superior or have respect to.} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 0)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{部長は何時にいらっしゃるの？} What time will the general manager come?} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【平林】ひらばやしさんはチョコレートをくださった。} Ms Hirabayashi gave me chocolates.} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 0)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 0)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{KEIGO CONSISTENCY}}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-You have to be consistent throughout the entire sentence. The nouns, adj, adverbs, verbs must be in keigo.} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 3)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 0)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{❌ここにお名前と【住所】じゅうしょをお書きください。}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SONKEIGO (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️こちらにお名前とご【住所】じゅうしょをお書きください。}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Please write your name here.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 0)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 0)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{V-\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}ます\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{} + ますて KEIGO OF VERB-て FORM}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{❌❌DONTs: Cannot be used with ください or to tell someone to do something.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{❌食べましてください。}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️食べてください。}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{⭕️お召し上がりください。}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Please eat.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 0)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Normal: \seqsplit{【昨夜】ゆうべ【熱】ねつを出して、今朝もまだ上がらないんです。}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Polite:  \seqsplit{【昨夜】ゆうべ【熱】ねつを出しまして、今朝もまだ上がらないんです。}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{I ran a fever last night and it still hasn't gone down this morning.} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 0)
% Row 35
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Normal: \seqsplit{ニュースを聞いて、びっくりしました。}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 36
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Polite: \seqsplit{ニュースを聞いまして、びっくりしました。}} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 37
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{I was surprised because I heard the news.} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 38
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 0)
% Row 39
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{【一所懸命】いっしょけんめい頑張りまして。。。}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
% Row 40
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{I did all my best and...} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{KENJOUGO = Superior/client's {[}own action{]}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{謙譲語 = Used when we want to talk about OUR actions} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-Focus on speaker's action (we are humbling ourselves)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \{\{border=1\}\}{\bf{(Subject) は (Special Humble Verb)}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{来週の同曜日にまた参ります。} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 0)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & I'll come again on Saturday. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{【半年】はんとし日本語を勉強したいたしました。} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & I studied Japanese for half a year. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 0)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{エリックバンと申します。} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & My name is Eric Van. \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & \seqsplit{アメリカから参りました。} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
 & I came from the US. \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 0)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{社長の奥様【奥様】おくさまにお目にかかりました。} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 4)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & I met the president's wife. \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{KENJOUGO = Superior/client's {[}own action{]} (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{うちの人 (Insider - Your social circle)}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{外の人 (Outsider - People that the speaker don't know very well)}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Humbling the people inside & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Giving honor or respect to the person outside of our circle and we are humbling ourselves \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
-Company & -Strangers \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-Family & -Clients \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{white}
-Organization & -Customers \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{-Friends} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{【謙譲語】 お (V-ます) します}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{お (V-\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}ます\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}) します Humble Speech for Group 1/2 Verbs}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ご (Verb) します Humble Speech for Group 3 Verbs}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}❌❌ Exceptions: Use お for お電車します (call) and お約束します (promise)
Call \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 0)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & ❗️❗️Note: There must be another agent for these kind of verbs： \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Call (someone) = (someone) \seqsplit{にお電話します} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Introduce (someone) = (someone) \seqsplit{にご【紹介】しょうかい} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & Invite (someone) = (someone) \seqsplit{にご【招待】しょうたいします} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 0)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{重そうですね。・お持ちしましょうか。} It looks so heavy. Shall I carry it for you? & \seqsplit{今日の予定をご失明します。} I will explain today's schedule. \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{【謙譲語】 お (V-ます) します (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{私が社長にスケジュールをお知らせします。} I will tell the president the schedule. & \seqsplit{会社の中をご【案内】あんあいします。} I'll show you around the office. \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{兄が車で【送】おくりします。} My older brother will take you in his car. & \seqsplit{【最初】さいしょにいと選定をご【紹介】しょうかいします。} First, I'll introduce Professor Ito. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 7)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{お茶をお入れします。} I'll pour you some tea. & \seqsplit{お食事はこちらでご【用意】よういします。} I'll prepare the meals here. \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{ボールペンをお貸しします。} I'll lend you a pen. & \seqsplit{予定が変わった場合はご連絡します。} In case the schedule change, I'll contact you. \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{TEINEIGO = Aquaintance/Work}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{丁寧語 = Used to people we are not very closed to but we still want to be polite to them. (eg. strangers in public places)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Special Verb}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Special Verb: \seqsplit{ございます} = Polite of あります}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Noun/Adj \seqsplit{でございます} = Polite of です}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{よろしいでしょうか = Polite of いいですか}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{レポートは私の【机】つくえの上にございます。} & A. \seqsplit{はい、すみとも銀行でございます。} & A. \seqsplit{お飲み物は何がよろしいでしょうか。} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
The report is on my desk. & A. \seqsplit{はい、すみとも銀行でございます。} & What would you like to drink? \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{トイレはどちらにございますか。} & Yes, this is Sumitomo Bank. & B. \seqsplit{コーヒーをお願いします。} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Where is the restroom? & B. \seqsplit{ユニバーサルソリューションのミクですが、ミラーさんお願いします。} & Coffee, please. \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 8)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & This is Miku of Universal Solutions. May I speak to Mr Miller? & A. \seqsplit{このパンフレットをいただいてもよろしいでしょうか。} \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Special Verb (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & May I have one of these pamphlets? \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & B. \seqsplit{はい、どうぞ。} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & Yes, go ahead. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Express Request Politely}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-てくださいませんか / \seqsplit{V-てくれませんか} "Could you please..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(Subject) は お\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}V-ます\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{})ください "Could you please (do this for me)..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{HONORIFIC: V-て \seqsplit{いただけませんか} "Could you \seqsplit{please…?;} Would you please do me the favor of "ing"?"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Causative \seqsplit{V-ていただきませんか} "Would you please let me..." }} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 13)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Very polite of asking someone to do something & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Respectful way of asking someone to do something & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Asking someone of a higher status to do something for you & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Asking \seqsplit{permission} that you will do something \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 7)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{ar\}\} & \seqsplit{❌❌DONTs:} Cannot use this pattern with special keigo verbs except for eat and look (eg. \seqsplit{召し上がる、ご覧になる)} & -More polite than \seqsplit{V-てください} & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 13)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Express Request Politely (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{コピー【機】きが【動く】うごきませんが、ちょっと見てきださいませんか。} The copying machine is not working, could you please take a look? & \seqsplit{ここに名前と【住所】じゅうしょを書いてください。
Please} write your name and address here. & \seqsplit{レポートが終わりました。出す前に見ていただけませんか。} I finished the report. Could you please check it before I submit it?  & \seqsplit{コピー【機】きの使わせていただけませんか。} Would you let me use the copying machine? \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 18)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{セーターのサイズを間違えましたが、【取り替える} \seqsplit{】とりかえてくださいませんか。} I've got the size of this weater wrong, may I ask you to exchange it? & \seqsplit{❌ここにおいらっしゃいください。} Please come here. & \seqsplit{そちらで電話を忘れましたが、探していただけませんか。} I forgot my phone here. Could you please search for it for me?  & \seqsplit{【荷物】にもつを【下す】おろしたいので、ここにしばらく車を止めさせいただけませんか。} Would you let me park my car here for a while? I want to unload the luggage. \tn 
% Row Count 39 (+ 21)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Express Request Politely (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{よく聞こえませんでしたが、もう一度行ってくださいませんか。} I didn't hear it well, will you kindly say it one more time? & \seqsplit{⭕️どうぞお召し上がりください。} Please help yourself (in eating). & \seqsplit{やり方がわからないんですが、教えていただけませんか。	
I} don't know how to do it, could you please teach me?  & \seqsplit{気分が悪いので} \seqsplit{、【早退】そ歌いさせていただけませんか。} I'm not feeling well. Would you let me leave early. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 15)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & \seqsplit{⭕️どうぞおご覧ください。} Please take a look. & \seqsplit{コピー【機】きの使い方を教えていただけませんか。} Would you teach me how to use the copying machine? & \{\{ar\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 13)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Invite someone to do sthg}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{"V-ましょうか / V-おうか "Shall we…?" "Shall I/We…"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-ませんか "Would you; do you want to; shall we \textasciitilde{}"}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Used to invite someone. It is also  used when responding positively to an invitation. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-When you want to invite someone to do something \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-Can be used to offer help by asking someone. & ❗️❗️Note: An invitation using V ませんか shows more consideration to the listener's will than that using V まし ょう. Sounds assertive. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 8)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{ちょっと休みましょう。			Let's} have a break. & 一緒に 京都へ \seqsplit{行きませんか。		} Won't you come to Kyoto with us? \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
手伝おうか？ Shall I help you? & \seqsplit{お茶にしませんか？Would} you care for some tea? \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{お手伝いいたしましょうか。} Shall I help you? & \seqsplit{明日自転車で学校へ行きませんか？Do} you want to go to school tomorrow by bike? \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MAKE STATEMENT "Had him do sth for me"}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-てもらいます}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-ていただきます}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-Causative}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}-Used when someone equal did something for you. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Used when someone higher did something for you. & \{\{bt=2\}\}-Used when the speaker tells a person from outside his own group that he will make someone from within his group something. \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 11)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-Received an action from a person of a equal status & -Received an action from a person of a higher status & -When verbs denoting emotions are used (make someone feel something). It doesn't matter what the status is as long as you make someone feel something (even if it's your mother, father, sister, etc. as long as they made you feel something). Eg. \seqsplit{安心する、心配する、がっかりする、【喜ぶ】よろこぶ、悲しむ、怒る、etc}. \tn 
% Row Count 41 (+ 27)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MAKE STATEMENT "Had him do sth for me" (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{(私は)友達に説明してもらいました。} & \seqsplit{(私は)部長に説明していただきました。} & \seqsplit{駅に着いたら、お電話をください。かかり【者】もの【迎え】むかえに行かせます。} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 9)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I had my friend explain it to me. & I had the department manager explain it to me. & When you arrive at the station, please call me. I will send someone to pick you up. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 7)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & Nuance: You do not care if the \seqsplit{かかり【者】もの} (person in charge) has a higher status or equal than you because he is outside of your group. \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 12)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & \seqsplit{子供の時、体が弱くて、母を心配させました。} \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{MAKE STATEMENT "Had him do sth for me" (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & When I was a child, I made my mother worry because of my poor health. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 6)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 &  & \seqsplit{あなたを悲しませたくない。} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 &  & I don't want to make you sad. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Politely ask someone to do smth}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-てもらえませんか}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-いただけませんか}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-もらえないでしょうか}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-いただけないでしょうか}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{"Would you mind...?; Could you possibly...?; Can you please... (do this for me)?"} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{-More polite than てください "Please do something for me"} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{-All of them basically mean the same thing, it's just a matter of the level of Keigo.} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 0)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{やり方がわから員ですが、教えてイアだけませんか。} & I don't know how to do it, could you please teach me? &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 8)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{田中さん、荷物を【降ろす】おろすのを手伝ってもらえませんか。} & Mr Tanaka, can you help me unload my luggage? &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 9)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{チムさん、この【書類】しょるいの書き方を教えてもらえないでしょうか。} & Tim, could you please tell me how to write this document? &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 40 (+ 11)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} x{1.04425 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Politely ask someone to do smth (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{ミラ先生、私たちの結婚式でスピーチをしていただけないでしょうか。} & Ms Miller, would you mind giving a speech at our wedding? &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 10)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}