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% Document Info
\author{jennilee}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (double-particle-in-japanese.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jennilee)
  /Subject (Double Particle in Japanese Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Double Particle in Japanese Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jennilee} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/202026/cs/42944/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jennilee \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jennilee} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 14th April, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4177 cm} x{1.79611 cm} p{0.4177 cm} x{1.54549 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Double Particle Combination}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
は & Topic; Contrast & を & Direct object;  Passage \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
が & Subject;  But & と & "And" (fixed); Quotation; \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
の & "Of the";  Possession & や & And; etc \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
も & "Also"; Inclusion & \seqsplit{から} & From;  Starting point \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
か & Question;  Or & \seqsplit{まで} & Until; Up to;  End point \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
に & Indirect Object (for whom something is done);  Direction;  Destination;  Entry Specific time;  Become & へ & Direction;  Destination \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 7)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
で & Location of action;  Method;  Means; Totalizing; & \{\{ar\}\} &  \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.83689 cm} x{2.14011 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Categories of Double Particle}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{\{\{fa-rocket\}\}Group 1}} & Contrast and Inclusion \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{に、と、で、から、まで} & は         、           も \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{\{\{fa-rocket\}\}Group 2}} & X + (particle) + の (Y) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{で、へ、と、も、から、まで} & (Where X and Y are both Nouns) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{\{\{fa-rocket\}\}Group 3}} & Nominalizer の + (particle) \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{は、が、に、か、も、で、を、と}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{\{\{fa-rocket\}\}Group 4}} & Miscellaneous \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{までに、にまで、からには}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 1 Category}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{\{\{fa-check\}\}Group 1 Category}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}Contrast and Inclusion &  \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}に、と、で、から、まで & \{\{bt=2\}\}  Contrast =  は         、    Inclusion =      も &  \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=3\}\} & \{\{bt=3\}\} & \{\{bt=3\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\bf{は}} & {\bf{も}} (Complete opposite of は - contrast) \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
に    {\emph{Indirect Object / Target}} & には    {\emph{Target X, in contrast to other targets}} & にも     {\emph{Target X also…}} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
と    {\emph{"With" / Partner}} & とは     {\emph{Partner X in contrast to other partners  }} & とも      {\emph{Partner X also…}} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 5)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
から   {\emph{"From" }} & からは  {\emph{From X in contrast to from others  }} & からも  {\emph{From X also…}} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
まで   {\emph{Up to; until; end point}} & までは  {\emph{Until X in contrast to other end points}} & までも   {\emph{Until X also…}} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 1, Set 1}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) には "Target X, in contrast to other {\emph{targets}}"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) にも"Target X, like other {\emph{targets}}"}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}田中さんには寿司は美味しくないです。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}田中さんにも寿司は美味しくないです。 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
As for Tanaka (in contrast to other people), sushi isn't delicious. & As for Tanaka (same as with other people), sushi isn't delicious. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{私にはベンツが一番おしゃれな車です。} & \seqsplit{私にもベンツが一番おしゃれな車です。} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
As for me (and I don't know about you or other people), Benz is the most fashionable car. & As for me (just like you and perhaps other pople), Benz is the most fashionable car. \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) には "Target X, in contrast to other {\emph{destinations}}..."}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) にも "Target X, like other {\emph{destinations}}..."}} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}【今回】こんかいの休みはロンドンにはいきます。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}【今回】こんかいの休みはロンドンにもいきます。 \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
On this vacation, I will go to London (but not to other places). & On this vacation, I will (also) go to London. (Meaning, besides London, I'm going to other places). \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 5)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 1, Set 1 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{来週東京には【出張】しゅっちょうしません。} & \seqsplit{来週東京にも【出張】しゅっちょうしません。} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Next week, I won't go on business to Tokyo (but I will do so elsewhere). & Next week, I won't go on business to Tokyo too. (Just like I won't go on business on other places). \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 1, Set 3}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) では "In place X, but not elsewhere*"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) でも"In place X as well*"}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}日本ではお【辞儀】じぎが【普通】ふつうです。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}日本でもお【辞儀】じぎが【普通】ふつうです。 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
In Japan (but not elsewhere), bowing is common. & In Japan (also), bowing is common. (Maybe the speaker also talks about that bow and Japan is one of them). \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{カナダでは雪が４月まで降ります。} & \seqsplit{カナダでも雪が４月まで降ります。} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
In Canada (but not elsewhere), snow falls until April. & In Canada (also), snow falls until April. (Maybe the speaker is talking about countries or snow falls in April). \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) では "In case of X, but not other cases*"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) でも "In case of X as well*"}} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}【数学】すうがくではジロくんは【得意】とくいです。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}【数学】すうがくでもジロくんは【得意】とくいです。 \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 1, Set 3 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
When it comes to math, Jiro is good at it (but not in other subjects). & Jiro is (also) good at math (among other subjects). \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{僕の時計ではもう１０時です。} & \seqsplit{僕の時計でももう１０時です。} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
When it comes to my clock (but not other clocks), it's already 10 o'clock. & It's already o'clock in my watch (also). (Just like yours, his). \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Other functions of でも}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{1. "Even"}} & \seqsplit{それは子供でもできる仕事だ。} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{2. "How about some..."}} & \seqsplit{お茶でもどうですか。} How about some tea? \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{3. "でも + Interrogative Pronouns}} & 誰でも = whoever, なんでも = wherever, \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{4. "Either... or" "Neither... nor"}} \newline 金持ちでも【貧乏】びんぼう【人間】にんげんがいきるためにはきれいな【空気】くうきが必要です。  \newline Rich or poor, humans in order to live need clean air.  \newline 忙しい時は【夜間】やかんでも週末でも【生産】せいさんラインは止められない。 \newline During busy times, we can't stop the production lines, not nights nor weekends.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 1, Set 2-3}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) とは "With Person X, but not with others*"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) とも "With Person X as well*"}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}田中さんとはテニスをしたいです。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}田中さんともテニスをしたいです。 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I like to play tennis with Mr. Tanaka (but not with others). & I like to play tennis with Mr. Tanaka (too). \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{あんな【奴】やつとは付き合ってはいけない。} & \seqsplit{あんな【奴】やつとも付き合ってはいけない。} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
You're not allowed to associate with that kind of fellow (but okay with others). & You're not allowed to associate with that kind of fellow (also).. \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 1, Set 4-5}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) までは "Until X only, but not beyond...*"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(X) までも "Until X also...*"}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}５時まではまだ仕事です。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}５時までもまだ仕事です。 \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Until 5 o'clock (but not beyond) is still work time. & Even until 5 o'clock is still work. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Other functions of までも}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{(Set phrases)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}"Until X also"} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{いつまでも = Until when "forever" }}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{いつまでも、君のことが忘られません。}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(Lit. I can't forget you (until when) forever.  I can never ever forget you.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{どこまでも = "Until where" or "where ever" or more likely, :whatever" }}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{どこまでもあなたを【応援】おおえんします。}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{I will support you in (whatever) all the way.} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 2 Category}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Group 2 Category}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Y + (particle) + の (X)}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{で、へ、と、も、から、まで}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}Y での X = Location of action; Method or means & \{\{bt=2\}\}The X of the location Y where the action happens, the X of method Y & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Y への X = Direction Target. Note: \textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{}にの\textasciitilde{}\textasciitilde{} does not exist & The X of Y to whom or which you do an action &  \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Y との X = With; Partner & The X of Y with whom you do an action with &  \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Y もの X = Even (if) & X has Y and you think that Y is too much &  \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Y からの X = From / Start Point & The X of Y from which something starts from &  \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Y までの X = Until / End Point & The X of Y until which something happens &  \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 2, Set 1-4}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Y での X = Location of action}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{\{\{bt=2\}\}}}Y での X = Method or means** \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}【食堂】しょくどうでの【会議】かいぎ何時からですか。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}ンラインでの勉強はつまらないです。 \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{【食堂】しょくどうでの【会議】かいぎ} = (The meeting of the cafeteria where the meeting occurs; The meeting that will be held at the cafeteria. & \seqsplit{オンラインでの勉強} = The studying that's done through online learning \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 8)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
From what time is the meeting at the cafeteria? & Studying online is boring. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
⁉️　Why not \seqsplit{【食堂】しょくどうの【会議】かいぎ} = Cannot be because it can mean, "The meeting about" & \seqsplit{【利子】りしが高いのでローンでの【購入】こうにゅうは【避けて】さけてください。} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 7)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{トロントでの【夏祭り】なつまつりはコロナで【中止】ちゅうしとなった。} & \seqsplit{でローンでの【購入】こうにゅう} = purchasing by/using a loan \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 2, Set 1-4 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Toronto's summer festival was cancelled due to covid. & Because interest is high, please avoid purchasing by loan. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Y への X = Direction Target.}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Y との X = With; Partner}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}【大阪】おおさかへの【飛行機】ひこうきはもう【出発】しゅっぱつしました。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}田中先生とのお話はどうですか。 \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 6)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{【大阪】おおさかへの【飛行機】ひこうき} = The plane that is going to Oosaka. & \seqsplit{田中先生とのお話} = The conversation of the with Mr. Tanaka \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
The plane bound for Oosaka has already left. & How's your conversation with Mr. Tanaka? \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{山への【遠足】えんそくは【小学生】しょうがくせいにとって面白いと思います。} & \seqsplit{【お客様】おきゃくさまとの【交渉】こうしょうはなかなか【上手く】うまくいきません。} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 7)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{山への【遠足】えんそく} = The excursion of the going to the mountains & \seqsplit{【お客様】おきゃくさまとの【交渉】こうしょう} = Negotiations with the customer \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 2, Set 1-4 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
I think an excursion to the mountains is interesting for elementary kids. & Negotiations with the customer isn't really going well. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 2, Set 3-6}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Y もの X = Even (if) "X has Y and you think Y is too much"}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Y からの X = From / Start Point}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}ミズ.ジャパンは１００万円ものがオンを着ていてます。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}スミさんからのカナダ【土産】みやげは美味しいアイスワインでした。 \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{１００万円ものがオン} = The gown is 1-million-yen and you think that 1-million-yen is too much for gown & \seqsplit{スミさんからのカナダ【土産】みやげ} = Canadian souver of/from Mr. Smith \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Miss Japan is wearing "a (lavish) 1-million-yen gown. & The Canadian souvernier (we got) from Mr. Smith was delicious ice wine. \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{日本語クラスには４０人もの【生徒】せいとガサイナップした。} & \seqsplit{５時からの【上映】じょうえいはどこの映画館ですか。} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{４０人もの【生徒】せいと} = There are ４０ students and you think ４０ is just too much in one class & \seqsplit{５時からの【上映】じょうえい} = The showing that starts from 4 o'clock \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 2, Set 3-6 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
(A good) 40 students signed up for Nihongo class. & Which theater is the 5 o'clock showing? \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Y までの X = Until / End Point}} & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}これまでの【貯金】ちょきん新しい車を買うつもりです。 & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{これまでの【貯金】ちょきん} = The savings I have until now.} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{I intend to buy a new car with the savings (accumulated) until now.} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{３時までの【授業】じゅぎょうが終わってから会いましょう。}} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\seqsplit{３時までの【授業】じゅぎょう} = The class that is until 3 o'clock} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Let's meet up after my class that ends at 3 o'clock finishes.} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 3 Category}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{\{\{fa-check\}\}Group 3 Category}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Nominalizer の + (particle) }} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}は、が、に、か、も、で、を、と & \{\{bt=2\}\}の -To nominalize whatever is before it; Turning it into a noun clause \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{のは = Clause is topic} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{のが = Clause is subject} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{のに = Although (Special conjunction)} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{のか = Male speech - express doubt} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{のも = Clause also…} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{ので - Reason/ Reason (Special conjunction)} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{のを = Clause is direct object} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{のと = Clause and… / the X one and…} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 3}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のは = Clause is topic}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のが = Clause is subject}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}かれを【殺した】ころしたのは彼女だ。 & \{\{bt=2\}\}日本語の勉強では【漢字】かんじを書くのが難しいです。 \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
It is she who killed him. & In the study of Japanese, it is writing kanji that is difficult. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のも = Clause also…}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のか = Accusatory male speech; expressing doubt}} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\} & \{\{bt=2\}\}The speaker (usually male) isn't really asking a question but is making an accusation. Like, "Really?" \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{漢字を読むのも難しいです。Reading} kanji is also difficult. & \seqsplit{もう【掃除】そうじしたのか？You've} already cleaned? Really? (Emphasizing that it seems like it is not) \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 6)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{ので = Because…}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のを = Clause is direct object}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 3 (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}明日は仕事がありますのでもうそろそろ寝ます。 Because there's work tomorrow, I will soon go to bed. & \{\{bt=2\}\}彼女が日本語を勉強しているのを知っていますか。 Do you know that she is studying Japanese? \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 7)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のと = Clause and… / the X one and…}} & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}【甘い】あまいのと辛いのとどちらが好きですか。 Which one do you like, the sweet one or spicy one? & \{\{bt=2\}\} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 4 Category}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{\{\{fa-check\}\}Group 4 Category}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\{\{bt=2\}\}まで に = By this time...} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{に まで = Go to the extent of...} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{から には = Now that... / As long as...} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group 4}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{まで に = By this time...}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{に まで = Go to the extent of...}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{から には = Now that... / As long as...}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}宿題を来週の金曜日までに出してください。 Please submit your homework by Friday next week. & \{\{bt=2\}\}彼女は綺麗になりたくて彼女は綺麗になりたくて【整形手術】せいけいしゅじゅつにまで【受けた】うけた。She wanted to become beautiful and went to the extent of getting plastic surgery. & \{\{bt=2\}\}カナダに住んでいるからには、スキーぐらい【習いたい】ならいたいものだ。 Now that I am living in Canada, I'd like to learn at least to ski. \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 19)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{午後２時までに戻ってください。} Please come back by 2PM. & \seqsplit{誰も見つけられないように【お祖父さん】おじいさんはお金をはお金を【壁】かべの【裏】うらにまで【隠した】かくした。} In order that no one can find it, grandpa went to the extent of hiding the money behind the wall. & \seqsplit{大学には【入った】はいったからには、【卒業】そつひょうまで【頑張らない】がんばらないといけない。Now} that you've entered university, you must work hard until graduation. \tn 
% Row Count 45 (+ 21)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Special Conjunctions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のに = Although}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{Difference with: けれども (けど, けども, けれど)}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}"Although X does Y, Z did/does…" Main clause is unexpected result that has already \seqsplit{happened/ongoing/fact} and the speaker has the feeling of surprise or disatsfaction & \{\{bt=2\}\}"Although X does Y, Z did/does…" Main clause hasn't happened yet and the possibility may happen or not. The speaker feels less personal about it. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 9)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Wish, discontent, frustration or disappointment  ⬅➡ When this is directed towards OTHERS & Main Clause is yet to happen. Expresses the following: \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Main clause is an unexpected result and already \seqsplit{happened/ongoing/fact}. & 1. Request - てください / \seqsplit{ないでください} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
V-る + のに & 2. Command - しろ！ / するな! \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
い Adj + のに & 3. Ask for permission - \seqsplit{てもいいですか} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
な Adj / Noun + なのに & 4. Suggestion -レバいい / た方がいい \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Special Conjunctions (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 5. Intention - しようとする / つもり / しようと思う \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{white}
 & 6. Direct question - しますか \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & 7. Express a wish, discontent, frustration or disappointment about oneself. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
 & ❗️❗️Note: As the main clause is yet to happen, there's a possiblity that this may not happen like the listener may refuse the command, may not heed the suggestion or advise, speaker may not get permission, or change his mind about his intention because we don't know that there's a feeling of discontent and therefore, we cannot use のに。 \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 18)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Ex. \seqsplit{僕は毎日【運動】うんどうしているのに【痩せない】やせない。} Although I'm excercising everyday, I don't lose weight. (Feeling of disappointment) & "Although" \tn 
% Row Count 37 (+ 9)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Special Conjunctions (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{彼は長い【間】あいだ日本語を勉強しているのにまだ日本語が上手に話せません。} Although he has studied Japanese for a long time, he still couldn't speak Japanese well. & Request: \seqsplit{暑いけれども、【窓】まどを開けないでください。} Although it is hot, please do not open the window. \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 11)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{あのパソコンは安いのに誰も買わない。} Although that PC is cheap, no one buys it. (Statement of fact; conveys disappointment) & Command: \seqsplit{彼が濃いと言っていたけれど、パーティーにくな。} Although he said to come, don't go to the party. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 8)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{彼は【貧乏】びんぼうなのに高い車を買いました。} Although he's poor, he bought an expensive car. & Permission: \seqsplit{【自信】じしんがないけどやってみてもいいですか。Although} I don't have confidence, may I try to do it? \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 7)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
Expressing displeasure: \seqsplit{雨が降っているのに、まだ出かけるんですか。Will} you still go out despite the rain? & Direct Straight Question: \seqsplit{雨が降っているけれど、まだ出かけますか。Although} it's raining will you still go out? \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{のに / けど to express discontent}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{のに : To other people }} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{だけど : With oneself (myself)}} & \{\{bt=2\}\}{\bf{V-ても (a bit related to のに)}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{bt=2\}\}V / Adj + ばいい + のに & \{\{bt=2\}\}V / Adj + ばいい + だけど \seqsplit{(でsけれども)} & \{\{bt=2\}\}"Even if" \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{もっと運動するすればいいのに。} I wish you would exercise more. & \seqsplit{❗️❗️Note:} けれど : Can be substituted with the particle が (But) & 弟は運動し{\bf{ても}}【痩せません】やせません。Even if my younger brother exercises, he doesn't lose \seqsplit{weight.(ても} Nuance: He doesn't exercise ALWAYS but when he does he doesn't lose weight.) \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 17)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Past: \seqsplit{もっと運動するすればよかったのに。} I wish you had exercised more. & \seqsplit{もっと運動するすればですけど。} I wish you I would exercise more. (Lit. It would have been good if I would exercise more, though.) & VS \tn 
% Row Count 38 (+ 12)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{のに / けど to express discontent (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{夏休みがもっと長ければいいのに。} I wish the summer vacation were longer. & 弟は運動します{\bf{が}}【痩せません】やせません。My younger brother exercises but doesn't lose weight. & 弟は運動する{\bf{のに}}【痩せません】やせません。Although my younger brother exercises, he doesn't lose weight. (のに Nuance: You're disappointed and felt sympathy towards your brother) \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 16)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & VS \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{ar\}\} & \{\{ar\}\} & 弟は運動します{\bf{けど}}【痩せません】やせません。My younger brother exercises but doesn't lose weight. (けど Nuance: Neutral feeling) \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 12)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{のに / けど Expressing a wish, discontent, frustration or disappointment}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}