\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
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\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
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%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
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\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{jahero}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (python-essentials.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (jahero)
  /Subject (python essentials Cheat Sheet)
}

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% This two commands together give roughly
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% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
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\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{python essentials Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{jahero} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/173037/cs/36353/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}jahero \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/jahero} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 4th January, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{co budete potřebovat}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Základ}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\{\{popup="https://www.python.org/downloads/"\}\}python\{\{/link\}\} - samotný interpretr \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
\{\{popup="https://docs.python.org/3/"\}\}docs\{\{/link\}\} \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\{\{popup="https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/"\}\}pycharm\{\{/link\}\} - IDE \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\{\{popup="https://pypi.org/"\}\}pypi\{\{/link\}\} - veřejně dostupné knihovny \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
{\bf{Nástroje pro vývojáře}} \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\{\{popup="https://pypi.org/project/black/"\}\}black\{\{/link\}\} - formátování kódu \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\{\{popup=""https://pypi.org/project/flake8/"\}\}flake8\{\{/link\}\} - linter \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 2)
{\bf{Další}} \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
\{\{popup="https://pypi.org/project/jupyter/"\}\}jupyter\{\{/link\}\} - REPL na webu \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 2)
\{\{popup="https://pypi.org/project/ipython/"\}\}ipython\{\{/link\}\} - REPL v konzoli% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{looking around}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{help("if") \newline dir("pathlib")} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{základní datové typy}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Skalární}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- {\bf{bool}} = `True` / `False` \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
- {\bf{int}} = `10`, {\bf{float}} = `10.01` \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
- {\bf{str}} = `"nějaký text"` / `'také string'` / `"""multiline string"""` \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
{\bf{Kontejnery}} \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
- {\bf{list}} = `{[} 1, "apple", some\_var {]}` \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
- {\bf{dict}} = `\{ "key" : "val", 10: 20 \}`% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{aritmetika a základní operátory}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{a, b = 2, 3 \newline x = (a + b) {\emph{ ( 10 / 2 ) \newline x == 25 \# True \newline x != 25 \# False \newline x \textgreater{} 25 \# False \newline  \newline a\_na\_druhou = a }}* 2 \# druhá mocnina \newline b\_modulo\_2 = b \% 2 \# zbytek celočíselného dělení} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{identity check vs ekvivalence}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{x = {[} 1, 2 {]} \newline y = {[}1, 2 {]} \newline  \newline x == y \# True - stejný obsah \newline x is y \# False - není to stejný objekt} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Operátor `is` porovnává dva objekty na shodu identity (jde o stejný objekt); operátor `==` porovnává dva objekty na shodu obsahu. \newline  \newline Singletony - jako je `None` - by se měly porovávat pomocí `is`.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{co je a co není pravda}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{True and False \# False \newline True or False \# True \newline not (True) \# False \newline  \newline \# short circuit \newline True or (1 / 0) \# True; short circuit nespustí druhý statement \newline True and (1 / 0) \# ZeroDivisionError: division by zero} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{None (nedefinovaná hodnota)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{x = None \# proměnná x má nedefinovanou hodnotu \newline  \newline x is None \# True \newline x is not None \# False} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Pozor: porovnání x == None je "antipattern", nepoužívat.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.34379 cm} x{3.63321 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{list a jeho indexace}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{list = {[}{]}}} & definuje prázdný list \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{list{[}0{]}}} = 1 & první položka listu již není 10, ale 1 \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{list{[}-1{]}}} & vrací první položku od konce \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{list{[}i:{]}}} & vrací řez listem od pozice i do konce \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{del list{[}i{]}}} & smaže položku na pozici i \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.33919 cm} x{2.63781 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{list a jeho metody}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{list.append(x)}} & přidá na konec x \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{list.extend({[}1,2{]})}} & zploští {[}1,2{]} a obě položky přidá na konec \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{list.insert(i,x)}} & přidá na pozici i položku x \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{list.pop(i)}} & odstraní položku na pozici i a vrátí ji \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{list.clear()}}, {\bf{list.copy()}} & reset nebo copy \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{list.sort()}}, {\bf{list.reverse()}} & seřadí list ({\bf{in place!}}) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.34379 cm} x{3.63321 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{dict - indexace}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{dict = \{\}}} & vytvoř prázdný dict \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{dict{[}k{]} = v}} & hodnotu v ulož do slovníku na klíč k \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{dict{[}k{]}}} & vrať hodnotu z klíče k, nebo padni (KeyError) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{del dict{[}k{]}}} & odstraň ze slovníku hodnontu na klíči k \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.14011 cm} x{2.83689 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{dict - metody}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{dict.keys(); dict.values()}} & vrať klíče nebo hodnoty jako iterátor \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{dict.items()}} & vrať iterátor tuple (k, v) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{dict.get(k), dict.pop(k)}} & vrať hodnotu z klíče nebo None; vrať a odstraň hodnotu z klíče (rasies) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{dict.update(another\_dict)}} & aktualizuj z jiného slovníku (add or overwrite) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{dict.clear(). dict.copy()}} & reset, kopie \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}