\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{hugomfcruz}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (postgres.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (hugomfcruz)
  /Subject (Postgres Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
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\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
\definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A3A3A3}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F3F3F3}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Postgres Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{hugomfcruz} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/43837/cs/13013/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}hugomfcruz \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/hugomfcruz} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 4th October, 2017.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.4 cm} x{5.6 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{psql client options}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`-l` & List all available databases \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`-d \seqsplit{\_\_database\_\_`} & Connect to database \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`-U \seqsplit{\_\_user\_\_`} & Connect with user \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`-W \seqsplit{\_\_password`} & Connect with password \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`-h \seqsplit{\_\_hostname\_\_`} & Connect to host \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`-p \seqsplit{\_\_port\_\_`} & Connect via port \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`-c \seqsplit{'\_\_command'`} & Run command \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
`-f` & Run file \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`-L \seqsplit{\_\_logfile\_\_`} & Output query output to log file and stdout \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
`-o \seqsplit{\_\_file\_\_`} & Output query output to log file \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`-t` & Print tuples only (no headers/footers) \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4.72 cm} x{3.28 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{psql commands}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Command overview & `\textbackslash{}?` \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Exit & `\textbackslash{}q` \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Connect to database & `\textbackslash{}c \seqsplit{\_\_database\_\_`} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Show table definition & `\textbackslash{}d \_\_table\_\_` \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
List tables & `\textbackslash{}dt` \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
List databases & `\textbackslash{}l` \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
List schemas & `\textbackslash{}dn` \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
List functions & `\textbackslash{}df` \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
List views & `\textbackslash{}dv` \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Show function SQL code & `\textbackslash{}df+ \seqsplit{\_\_function\_\_`} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pretty-format query results & `\textbackslash{}x` \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Query analysis}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
See the query plan for the given query & EXPLAIN \_\_query\_\_ \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
See and execute the query plan for the given query & EXPLAIN ANALYZE \_\_query\_\_ \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Collect statistics & ANALYZE {[}\_\_table\_\_{]} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Get statistics for table & SELECT * from \seqsplit{pg\_stat\_user\_tables} where \seqsplit{relname=\_\_table\_\_} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Get statistics for table in current transaction & SELECT * from \seqsplit{pg\_stat\_xact\_user\_tables} where \seqsplit{relname=\_\_table\_\_} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{References/Credits}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\seqsplit{https://gist.github.com/Kartones/dd3ff5ec5ea238d4c546}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\seqsplit{https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/index.html}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{DDL}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Create database & `CREATE DATABASE \textless{}database\_name\textgreater{} WITH OWNER \textless{}username\textgreater{};` \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Delete database & `DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS \textless{}database\_name\textgreater{};` \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Rename database & `ALTER DATABASE \textless{}old\_name\textgreater{} RENAME TO \textless{}new\_name\textgreater{};` \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Create table & `CREATE TABLE \textless{}table\_name\textgreater{}(\{\{nl\}\}~~\textless{}column\_name\textgreater{} SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\{\{nl\}\}~~\textless{}column\_name\textgreater{} \textless{}column\_type\textgreater{} );` \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Delete table & `ROP TABLE IF EXISTS \textless{}table\_name\textgreater{} CASCADE;` \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Add column & `ALTER TABLE \textless{}table\_name\textgreater{} IF EXISTS\{\{nl\}\}~~ADD \textless{}column\_name\textgreater{} \textless{}data\_type\textgreater{} {[}\textless{}constraints\textgreater{}{]};` \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Alter column & `ALTER TABLE \textless{}table\_name\textgreater{} IF EXISTS\{\{nl\}\}~~ALTER \textless{}column\_name\textgreater{} TYPE \textless{}data\_type\textgreater{} {[}\textless{}constraints\textgreater{}{]};` \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Delete column & `ALTER TABLE \textless{}table\_name\textgreater{} IF EXISTS\{\{nl\}\}~~DROP \textless{}column\_name\textgreater{};` \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Constraints}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Add primary key & ALTER TABLE \_\_table\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~ADD CONSTRAINT \_\_constraintname\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~PRIMARY KEY(\_\_col\_\_, \_\_col\_\_); \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Add unique & ALTER TABLE \_\_table\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~ADD CONSTRAINT \_\_constraintname\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~UNIQUE(\_\_col\_\_, \_\_col\_\_); \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Add foreign key & ALTER TABLE \_\_table\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~ADD CONSTRAINT \_\_constraintname\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~FOREIGN KEY(\_\_col\_\_, \_\_col\_\_) \{\{nl\}\}~~REFERENCES \seqsplit{\_\_table\_\_(\_\_col\_\_}, \_\_col\_\_); \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 7)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Add check & ALTER TABLE \_\_table\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~ADD CONSTRAINT \_\_constraintname\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~CHECK(\_\_condition\_\_); \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Drop & ALTER TABLE \_\_table\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}~~DROP CONSTRAINT \_\_constraint\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Handy queries}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
List procedure/function & `SELECT * FROM pg\_proc\{\{nl\}\} WHERE \seqsplit{proname='\_\_procedurename\_\_'`} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Show DB table space in use & `SELECT \seqsplit{pg\_size\_pretty(pg\_total\_relation\_size('\_\_table\_name\_\_'));`} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Show DB space in use & `SELECT \seqsplit{pg\_size\_pretty(pg\_database\_size('\_\_database\_name\_\_'));`} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Show current user's statement timeout & `show \seqsplit{statement\_timeout;`} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Queries being executed & `SELECT\{\{nl\}\} ~~datname,\{\{nl\}\} ~~application\_name,\{\{nl\}\} ~~pid,\{\{nl\}\} ~~backend\_start,\{\{nl\}\} ~~query\_start,\{\{nl\}\} ~~state\_change,\{\{nl\}\} ~~state,\{\{nl\}\} ~~query\{\{nl\}\} FROM\{\{nl\}\} ~~pg\_stat\_activity\{\{nl\}\} WHERE\{\{nl\}\} \seqsplit{~~datname='\_\_database\_name\_\_';`} \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 18)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Handy queries (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Get all queries from all dbs waiting for data & `SELECT * FROM pg\_stat\_activity WHERE waiting='t';` \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{white}
Currently running queries with process pid & `SELECT\{\{nl\}\} \seqsplit{~~pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_pid(s}.backendid) AS procpid,\{\{nl\}\} \seqsplit{~~pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_activity(s}.backendid) AS current\_query\{\{nl\}\} FROM\{\{nl\}\} ~~(SELECT \seqsplit{pg\_stat\_get\_backend\_idset()} AS backendid) AS s;` \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 12)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.76 cm} x{4.24 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Users}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Add user & ADD USER \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Drop user & DROP USER \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Add user with password & ADD USER \_\_user\_\_ \{\{nl\}\}WITH PASSWORD \_\_password\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Grant permissions for table & GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE \{\{nl\}\}ON TABLE \_\_table\_\_ TO \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Grant permissions for all tables & GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE \{\{nl\}\}ON ALL TABLES TO \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Grant permissions for sequence & GRANT USAGE \{\{nl\}\}ON SEQUENCE \_\_sequence\_\_ TO \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Grant permissions for all sequences & GRANT USAGE \{\{nl\}\}ON ALL SEQUENCES TO \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Grant permissions for function & GRANT EXECUTE \{\{nl\}\}ON FUNCTION \_\_function\_\_ TO \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Grant permissions for all functions & GRANT EXECUTE \{\{nl\}\}ON ALL FUNCTIONS TO \_\_user\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.52 cm} x{4.48 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Common Functions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Current date & current\_date \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Current time & current\_time \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Current timestamp & localtimestamp \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Get date part of column & date(\_\_col\_\_) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Get time part of column & \_\_col\_\_::time \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Add interval to timestamp & \_\_col\_\_ + interval '1 hour' \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Return serial number & INSERT ... RETURNING LASTVAL(); \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Conditional expressions & CASE expression \{\{nl\}\}~~WHEN value THEN result \{\{nl\}\}~~{[}WHEN ...{]} \{\{nl\}\}~~{[}ELSE result{]} \{\{nl\}\}END \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 6)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Null values & \seqsplit{COALESCE(\_\_value\_\_}, \{\{nl\}\}~~\_\_default1\_\_, \_\_default2\_\_) \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Cast & \_\_value\_\_::\_\_type\_\_ \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Execute function returning value & SELECT \_\_function\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
Execute function returning table & SELECT * FROM \_\_function\_\_; \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}