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\author{hlewsey}
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  /Title (ap-biology-unit-6-ecology-and-animal-behavior.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (hlewsey)
  /Subject (AP Biology Unit 6: Ecology and Animal Behavior Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{AP Biology Unit 6: Ecology and Animal Behavior Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{hlewsey} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/36676/cs/11641/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}hlewsey \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 27th May, 2017.\\
   Updated 6th May, 2017.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Population Ecology}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{biotic/abiotic factors\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}response: acclimate, regulate, conform, migrate, torpor, etc.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{fundamental niche=range of factors/resources a species could use} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{realized niche=actual use of potential environment} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
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% Row 5
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% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Logistic Growth}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{K-selection=sensitive to population density \newline r-selection=maximizes r (reproductive rate) \newline density independent=  pop. density does not affect birth/death rate \newline density dependent= \{\{fa-long-arrow-up\}\}pop. density\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}\{\{fa-long-arrow-down\}\}birth rate/\{\{fa-long-arrow-up\}\}death rate}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Species Richness and Diversity}}  \tn
% Row 0
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species richness & \# of different species in a community \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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species diversity & \# \& size of each population in a community \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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relative abundance & proportion of different species in a community \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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dominant species & most abundant species w/ highest biomass \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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keystone species & has pivotal ecological role/niche \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Interspecific Interactions}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Competitive Exclusion Principle} \tn 
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% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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primary succession & colonization by pioneer organisms \seqsplit{(bacteria/algae/lichens/moss)} in a virtually lifeless area to form soil \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
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secondary succession & colonization of an area where the existing community was cleared but soil is intact \tn 
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% Row 1
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\seqsplit{imprinting} & formation of permanent long-lasting response to an individual during sensitive period \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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spatial & landmarks, cognitive maps \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
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\seqsplit{associative} & classical/operant conditioning \tn 
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% Row 4
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% Row 0
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cooperation & behavior done as a group \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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agonistic & aggressive behavior \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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dominance hierarchies & dictate social position of an animal in a culture \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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\seqsplit{territoriality} & behavior to defend an area from others \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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altruism & \{\{fa-long-arrow-down\}\}individual's reproductive fitness, \{\{fa-long-arrow-up\}\}fitness of colony \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
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Water & evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff/transpiration \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\seqsplit{Carbon} & photosynthesis \& respiration, burning fossil fuels \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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\seqsplit{Nitrogen} & fixation: free nitrogen\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}NH₄\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}\{\{nl\}\}nitrification: NH₄\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}nitrites/ates\{\{nl\}\}denitrification: nitrates\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}N₂\{\{nl\}\}decomposition: organic matter\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}ammonia \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 8)
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Animal Behavior}}  \tn
% Row 0
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Proximate Cause & how a behavior occurs/is modified \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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Ultimate Cause & why behavior occurs in context of natural selection \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
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Fixed Action Pattern & highly stereotypic behavior that is unchangeable and carried to completion \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Sign Stimulus & external cue that triggers FAP\{\{nl\}\}exchanged within a species=releaser \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 4
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\seqsplit{Communication} & visual (waggle dance), chemical (pheromones), tactile, \& auditory (birdsong) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 5
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Kinesis \& Taxis & change in activity in response to stimulus; oriented movement toward/away from stimulus \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ecosystem Energy Flow}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/hlewsey_1493943380_55_10netproductpyramid-l.jpg}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{bottom-up model: influence from low\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}high \newline top-down (trophic cascade) model: influence from high\{\{fa-long-arrow-right\}\}low \newline biological magnification:\{\{fa-long-arrow-up\}\}trophic level=\{\{fa-long-arrow-up\}\}accumulated toxin concentration}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}
