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% Document Info
\author{happyfeet2020}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (venous-disorders.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (happyfeet2020)
  /Subject (Venous Disorders Cheat Sheet)
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Venous Disorders Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{happyfeet2020} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/144934/cs/31157/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}happyfeet2020 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/happyfeet2020} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 16th March, 2022.\\
   Updated 16th March, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Anatomy}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Blood from skin and SubQ tissue in legs flows into the superficial veins, then deep veins then to heart} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Superficial Veins:} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Deep veins} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Leg muscles assist with return of blood (muscle pump action)} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Venous valves prevent retrograde flow of blood} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Disease Classification}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Anatomy}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{3.833cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/happyfeet2020_1647304306_venous anatomy.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.44186 cm} x{1.99114 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{History and Clinical Appearance}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
History & Medications- side effects of swelling? \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Previous history of DVT, congenital valve weakness, ulcers, edema, prolonged standing, trauma, vein stripping or other procedures \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Chief Complaint & Sense of tiredness, fatigue, heaviness in feet, night leg cramps (relief by walking or massage) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Signs of Venous Insufficiency & Varicose veins, telangiectasia, pitting edema, stasis dermatitis, hemosiderosis (brown iron complexes of hemosiderin often deposited into the tissue due to increased hydrostatic pressure forcing blood components to escape, brown staining results) \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 11)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Chronic Insufficiency & Atrophie blanche, lipodermatosclerosis, venous ulcers \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Testing for Venous Disease & Brodie-Trendelenburg test, hand held doppler constant sound, photocell or air plethysmography, ambulatory venous pressure testing, venography \tn 
% Row Count 34 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{Venous stasis can occur from: \newline -secondary to obstruction or insufficiency \newline -thrombophlebitis may block venous drainage \newline -valve damage contribute to incompetence \newline -veins may be compressed due to tumour or fibrosis}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.51052 cm} x{1.92248 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Disorders}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Superficial Thrombophelbitis}} & Occurs when there is inflammation and thrombus within the superficial vein \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Can occur following an infection, trauma, hypercoagulable stagtes, oral contraceptives, procoagulant factors \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Risk factors}}: prior history of superficial phlebitis, DVT, PE, recent surgery or pregnancy, prolonged immobilization, malignancy \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 6)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Signs and Symptoms}}: Redness and warmth associated with vein, pain over vein, diffuse leg pain, edema, fever \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Differentials}}: Baker's cyst, soft tissue injury, cellulitis, MSK pain, lymphangitis, neuritis, ruptured head of gastroc \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 6)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Treatment}}: prevent progression into deep venous system, NSAIDs (for pain), \seqsplit{anticoagulants(heparin)}, increase ambulation, gradient compression stockings(30-40mmHg) \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 8)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.51052 cm} x{1.92248 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Disorders (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Deep Vein Thrombosis}} & Development of thrombus in the deep veins \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & Want to detect early to prevent fatal PE \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & If thrombus partially or completely blocks the flow of blood through the vein, blood begins to pool and build up venous hypertension \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Risk Factors}}: Similar to superficial thrombophelbitis but also includes age \textgreater{}60, hypercoagulable states, obesity, history of DVT \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 6)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Symptoms}}: Common site is the calf (post tib and peroneal veins), silent in 50\% cases, progressive pulling sensation at back of leg, pain increases with ambulation, slight fever, swelling occurs distal to site of thrombus, distension of superficial veins, increase in temp distal to clot, \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 14)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.51052 cm} x{1.92248 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Disorders (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Causes}}: Virchow's triad \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Prevention}}: Heparin, NSAIDs, gradient compression hose, increased ambulation \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Treatment}}: if suspected refer to emerg! Bed rest x 1 week with legs elevated which stabilizes clot, elastic stocking to reduce swelling and protect superficial veins, 3-6 months limitation of prolonged standing, medications (fibronolytic agents, anticoagulants, antibiotics) \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 13)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Pulmonary Embolism}} & Embolus is a blockage in the blood flow to the lungs by blood clot or fat, air or tumor. Very dangerous when thrombus is torn from attachment. May cause pulmonary infarction \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 8)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Risk Factors}}: same as DVT \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 2)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Symptoms}}: Sudden, chest pain, shortness of breath, coughing, dizziness, fainting, anxiety/sweating. MEDICAL EMERGENCY \tn 
% Row Count 35 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.51052 cm} x{1.92248 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Disorders (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Treatment}}: Thrombolytics, vein filter (prevents emboli from reaching lungs \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Chronic Venous Insufficiency}} & Venous hypertension caused by chronic venous reflux as a result of structural or functional abnormalities of veins \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Leads to}}: Edema, protein exudation and deposition to skin, fibrosis and lipodermatosclerosis, stasis dermatitis, tissue hypoxia, leg ulcers \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 7)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Venous Ulcer}} & Seen in lower third of leg (lateral or medial aspect), surrounding skin has signs of CVI, shallow ulcer, moist granulating base, sloping edges, cyanotic discolouration \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 8)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Treatment}}: reduce venous hypertension by walking regimens, limb elevation, local wound care (manage moisture) \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Virchow's Triad}}: 1. Stasis of blood 2. Increased blood coagulability 3. Vessel wall injury (alteration to vein wall) \newline {\bf{Causes of Thrombi Formation}}: Old age, estrogen use, pregnancy, obesity, malignancy}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.30454 cm} x{2.12846 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Disorder Management}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Conservative}} & {\emph{Elevation}}: Avoid high heels as they reduce venous emptying as muscle pump not activate. Raise feet above heart 15-30 mins several times/day. Place 2-3" block under legs \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 8)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Exercise}}: Emphasize ankle plantarflexion , activate muscle venous pump. 30-60mins of PA \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Medications}}: NSAIDs, vitamin C/E for symptom relief. Pentoxifylline  may change course of disease \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Compression Therapy}}: & {\emph{Benefits}}: Reduce diameter of veins, increase flow velocity, decrease chance of thrombosis, improve lymphatic flow \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Types}}: Elastic (stocking or bandaging), inelastic (garments or short stretch bandages), pneumatic compression \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 5)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Classes}}: & {\emph{Class 1}}: 20-30mmHg for aching, swelling. telangiectasia, varicose veins (to start/asymptomatic) \tn 
% Row Count 32 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{x{1.30454 cm} x{2.12846 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Venous Disorder Management (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Class 2}}: 30-40mmHg for symptomatic varicose veins, CVI, post ulcer \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Class 3}}: 40-50mmHg for CVI, post ulcer \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Class 4}}: 50-60mmHg for CVI, post ulcer, severe CVI not controlled by class 3 \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Surgical}} & {\emph{Sclerotherapy}}: remove obliteration of abnormal vessel that carry retrograde flow. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & {\emph{Other}}: Saphenofemoral bypass, prosthetic graft, valvular reconstruction \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 4)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{Vein Stripping}}: strip varicose veins (only option for saphenous vein) \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{3.833cm}}{{\emph{Elevating legs is contraindicated in CHF, gastroesophageal reflux, pulmonary disease and sleep apnea patients  \newline }}Compression therapy is contraindicated in patients with an ABI of 0.5 and below}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}