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\author{gvm89025}
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  /Title (chronic-disease-concepts-epidemiology.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (gvm89025)
  /Subject (Chronic disease concepts Epidemiology Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Chronic disease concepts Epidemiology Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
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   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 21st September, 2025.\\
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Chronic Disease Epidemiology}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Definition: The study of the distribution and determinants of chronic diseases and conditions in human populations, as well as the application of this knowledge to their prevention and control.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Latency Period: The time between exposure to a risk factor and the clinical development of a chronic illness. Chronic diseases, in contrast to infectious diseases, have a long latent phase that can last years or even decades.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Multifactorial Etiology: Multifactorial etiology refers to diseases or ailments that are caused by a collection of variables rather than a single one. Instead of a straightforward cause-and-effect link, these situations result from a complex combination of genetic, environmental, and behavioral variables.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Risk Factor : Is a behaviour , environmental exposure that increases the chance of a person developing an adverse health outcome. Ex Smoking is a risk factor for chronic conditions such as heart disease, stroke, and several cancers. Risk factors for chronic diseases are characterized  as physical, chemical, and biological environments.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The time from exposure to disease for non communicable diseases ranges from minutes to years. Ex latency period for cancer, which is the time in which the pathology can occur, can be years. Lung cancer death associated with cigarette smoking is 20 - 25 years latency period.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Environment and Chronic Health Problems}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Physical Stress and Health, Chemicals and Health, Toxicokinetics, Biologic agents and health, The social environment and health} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Smoking and Chronic Disease, Diet and Chronic Disease, Body Weight and Chronic Disease, Sexual Practices and Chronic Disease, Behaviour Changes for Better Health, Health Belief Model} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Smoking and Chronic Disease, Diet and Chronic Disease, Body Weight and Chronic Disease, Sexual Practices and Chronic Disease, Behaviour Changes for Better Health, Health Belief Model} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Single-Gene Disorders: These are rare disorders produced solely by a single gene mutation, such as Huntington's disease.} \tn 
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Impairment is a problem with a person's physical function or structure. For example, a lost leg or a damaged optic nerve might cause blindness. & Activity Limitation: Difficulty completing an action or task owing to a disability. For example, a person with a limb impairment may be limited in their ability to walk. & \seqsplit{Participation} Restriction: A difficulty that arises when a person participates in real situations. For example, a person with a mobility limitation may be unable to participate in a career or education due to inaccessible structures. \tn 
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The major goal of epidemiology is the prevention and control of diseases, disorders, injuries, impairments, and death. & Changes in the lifestyle to prevent and control the chronic diseases. \tn 
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Basic epidemiology - iris - world health organization (WHO). (n.d.-a). \seqsplit{https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/43541/9241547073\_eng.pdf} & (PDF) life course epidemiology of trauma and related \seqsplit{psychopathology} in civilian populations. (n.d.). \seqsplit{https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273639170\_Life\_Course\_Epidemiology\_of\_Trauma\_and\_Related\_Psychopathology\_in\_Civilian\_Populations} & (PDF) defining and measuring chronic conditions: Imperatives for research, policy, program, and Practice. (n.d.-a). \seqsplit{https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236337691\_Defining\_and\_Measuring\_Chronic\_Conditions\_Imperatives\_for\_Research\_Policy\_Program\_and\_Practice} \tn 
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% That's all folks
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