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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
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% Most of the following are not required for the majority
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% Document Info
\author{gracev (gracev21)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (disease-epidemiology-and-public-health.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (gracev (gracev21))
  /Subject (Disease, Epidemiology and Public Health Cheat Sheet)
}

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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Disease, Epidemiology and Public Health Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{gracev (gracev21)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/168753/cs/35315/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}gracev (gracev21) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/gracev21} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 9th November, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.44333 cm} x{3.53367 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Epidemiology definitions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
morbidity & state of being diseased \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
morbidity rate & \% of diseased individuals in a population \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
mortality rate & \% of population that has died of disease \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{epidemiology} & study of how diseases originate and how that are passed through communities \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{epidemiologists} & must take into account time, place, \# of people, frequency of disease when studying diseases. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
incidence & fraction of a population that contracts a disease during a specific time \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
prevalence & fraction of a population having a specific disease at a given time \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
sporadic disease & disease that occurs occasionally in a population. \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
endemic disease & disease constantly present in a population(cold). \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
epidemic disease & disease acquired by many hosts in a given area in a short time (flu). \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
pandemic disease & world wide epidemic (covid). \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.44333 cm} x{3.53367 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{portals of entry}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
skin & parasitic worms and fungi \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
mucous membranes & easiest way for pathogens to enter body \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
parental route & pathogens deposited directly into tissues \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{development of disease}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
incubation period & between infection and first sign and symptom \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
prodromal period & relatively short period with mild and early symptoms \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
illness & disease most severe, patient dies if immune response not sufficient \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
decline & patient vulnerable to second infection at this time. signs and symptoms subside \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{convalsecence} & regaining of strength \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{important history}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Louis Pateur & germ theory \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Robert Koch & cause of disease \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Joseph Lister & control of disease \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
John snow & mapped cholera in London \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Ignaz Semmelweis & proved hand washing effective in reducing death during child birth \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Florence Nightingale & Showed improved sanitation decreased the incidence of epidemic typhus \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{patterns of disease}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. source of infection (reservoir} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. transmission} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. invasion (pathogenesis)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{transmission of disease}}  \tn
% Row 0
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direct contact transmission & person to person by physical contact \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
indirect contact transmission & reservoir to host by non living object \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
droplet contact transmission & microbes spread in droplet nuclei \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
vehicle transmission & transmission by inanimate reservoir \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
mechanical vector transmission (passive) & vector physically carries disease and drops on host \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
biological vector transmission (active) & spreads microbes through inside vector \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{severity of disease}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
acute disease & symptoms develop rapidly but last short amt of time \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
chronic disease & disease develops slowly but lasts long time \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
subacute disease & intermediate between acute and chronic \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
latent disease & is dormant but can have active periods \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{limit disease transmission}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{enforcing standards of cleanliness} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{work to reduce \# of disease vectors and reservoirs} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{establish and enforce immunization schedules} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{locate and treat individuals exposed to contagious pathogens} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{establish isolation and quarantine measures to control the spread of pathogens} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{educate public} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.14471 cm} x{3.83229 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{epidemiology data}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{descriptive} & (who, what, when where) data that describes occurrence of disease \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{analytical} & (why) comparison of diseased and healthy \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{experimental} & (hypothesis and answer) controlled experiments used to study disease \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{koch's postulates}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{microbes cause specific disease} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
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% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{cultured bacteria still infectious} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{reservoirs of infection}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
human reservoirs & transmit directly or indirectly to others \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
animal reservoirs & direct contact with animal or pet waste, contaminated food and water, consuming infected products \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
non living reservoirs & soil, water if contaminated, food \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{virulence measured}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
ID50/ infectious dose & how many microbes needed to make 50\% of population sick \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
LD50/ lethal dose & how many lethal doses needed to kill 50\% of population \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.54287 cm} x{3.43413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{extent of host involve}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
local infection & limited small area of body (stays localized) \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
systemic infection & an infection throughout the body \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
focal infection & local infection turned into systemic infection \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{HAIs}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
nosocomial infection or HAIs & infection acquired in health acre facility \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
exogenous & acquired from health care environment \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
endogenous & normal microbiota become opportunistic because of hospitalization or treatment \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
iatrogenic & "doctor induced". use of catheters and invasive diagnostic procedures, surgery \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}