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\author{Gomolemo Ralepeli}
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  /Title (unit-6-professional-conduct-and-ethics.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Gomolemo Ralepeli)
  /Subject (UNIT 6 - PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT \& ETHICS Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{UNIT 6 - PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT \& ETHICS Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Gomolemo Ralepeli} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/163284/cs/47894/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Gomolemo Ralepeli \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/gomolemo-ralepeli} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 26th March, 2026.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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\begin{multicols*}{4}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{WHY PROFESSIONAL ETHICS}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Dual Function}} - assist the client \& {\bf{{\emph{promote justice}}}} in society.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- these functions may come into conflict.} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{WHAT ARE PROFESSIONAL ETHICS?}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- It concerns the rules of conduct.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- Principles of professional ethics} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- Norms to judge fit and proper person} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{WHY BE GOOD?}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Being moral demands 2 things of you:}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{(1)}} Determine the right course of action - {\bf{{\emph{DO THE RIGHT THING.}}}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{(2)}} Follow it} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{IF NOT?}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- you will become unethical by cutting a corner here, by stretching the truth a bit there (white lies?)} \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- none of the little things that you will do, almost unthinkingly, will seem to be so bad in itself - an added {\emph{15 minutes}} to a time sheet/invoice here, a little white lie to cover a missed deadline there} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{After a few years, you won't even notice that you are lying, cheating, and stealing every day that you practice. Your entire frame of reference will change. Instead of reflecting the notions of {\bf{{\emph{right}}}} and {\bf{{\emph{wrong}}}} according to which you conduct your {\bf{{\emph{personal life}}}}, your decisions will reflect the set of values by which you conduct your {\bf{{\emph{professional life}}}} - a set of values that embodies. not what is right or wrong, but what is profitable, {\bf{{\emph{what you can get away with.}}}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{WHERE DOES ONE FIND RULES OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT?}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{WHAT IS A PROFESSION?}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{6 REQUIREMENTS}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{(1) an intellectual basis} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{(2) a private practice} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{(3) an advisory function} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{(4) a tradition of service} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{(5) representative body} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{(6) a code of conduct} \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{THE PRACTITIONER \& HIS CLIENT}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{TREATMENT OF CLIENT}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- client is {\bf{most}} important} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- you are dependent on client} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- the client does you a favour} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- should not fight with your client} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\bf{{\emph{lifeblood}}}} of your firm} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{*- under {\bf{no obligation}} to accept a client's instructions} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Consider the following:}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{1. Potential {\bf{conflict of interest.}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{2. Potential fraud, {\bf{{\emph{illegality}}}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{3. Competence: {\bf{knowledge \& skill}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Ebersohn v Tvl Law Society}}}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{ACCEPTING THE CLIENT OR MANDATE}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Satisfy yourself of the following:}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- the client's {\emph{identity}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- the client's {\emph{competence}}} \tn 
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% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- the {\emph{authority of holders of a power of attorney}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- scope of instruction - {\emph{good communication is vital}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\bf{learn to listen}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Financial Intelligence Centre Act (FICA)}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- aim to combat crime and money laundering} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\bf{s21}} - provides that attorneys must {\emph{verify}} the identity of the client} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Costs:}}} \tn 
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% Row 23
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- Must provide the client with a written cost estimate} \tn 
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% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- explain the question of costs: {\bf{{\emph{hourly fee, charges, disbursements}}}}} \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{THE PRACTITIONER \& HIS CLIENT (cont)}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- provide an outline of the work to be done} \tn 
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% Row 26
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- difference between {\bf{{\emph{party and party cost}} and {\bf{}}attorney and client}}* cost} \tn 
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% Row 27
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- fee agreement} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Contingency Fees}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\emph{"no win, no fee."}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\bf{{\emph{not allowed}}}} in Matrimonial matters \& Criminal matters} \tn 
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% Row 31
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\bf{{\emph{100\%}}}} more than normal fees or {\bf{{\emph{25\%}}}} of capital} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\emph{common law agreement}} - {\bf{illegal}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{De La Guerre v Ronald Bobroff}}}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Overcharging/Overreaching}}*} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{excessive fees = removal from the roll}}}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Fee Assessment Committee}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Factors:}}}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{1. Difficulty} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{2. Seniority} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{3. Expertise} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{4. Urgency} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{5. Time spend} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{6. Importance \& Value} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Leite v Leandy \& Partners}}}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Attorneys who is drawing a contract between a client and a unrepresented party has a {\bf{{\emph{duty to act fairly to BOTH parties}}}}} \tn 
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% Row 46
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\emph{Unrepresented}} party should seek independent legal advice} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Execution of the Instructions}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\bf{{\emph{duty to obey}}}} your client's {\emph{specific}} instructions} \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
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\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{THE PRACTITIONER \& HIS CLIENT (cont)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- obtain instructions for every action you take} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- {\bf{{\emph{ALWAYS}}}} act in the {\bf{{\emph{best interests}}}} of your client} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Washaya v Washaya}}}}: settlements - {\emph{get instructions}}} \tn 
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% Row 52
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{Clients are NOT bound by the actions of lawyers where they {\emph{exceed}} the mandate given.} \tn 
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% Row 53
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- It is an implied term of the {\emph{contract}} between yourself and your client that you are {\bf{{\emph{liable}}}} to your client in {\emph{damages for breach of contract}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- Duty of care} \tn 
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% Row 55
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- the necessary {\emph{skill \& knowledge}} are expected. {\bf{{\emph{(Mouton v Mynwerkersunie)}}}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{TEST:}} reasonable attorney/expert attorney} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{Liability towards non-clients?}}} \tn 
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% Row 58
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{Pretorius v McCallum 2002}}}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- disappointed beneficiaries - invalid will - {\emph{interstate succession}} applied} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{3.833cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CONFIDENTIALITY \& PROFESSIONAL PRIVILEGE}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{{\emph{It applies to communications made -}}}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- in your professional capacity} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- confidentiality} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- for the purpose of seeking legal advice - {\bf{{\emph{institute action}}}}} \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{All communications between you and your client are {\bf{{\emph{confidential}}}}} \tn 
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% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{It remains confidential even after the termination of the mandate} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{- it can only be waived by the client} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{POPI ACT}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{{\bf{The Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013}} came into effect on 1 July 2021} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{3.833cm}}{-  duty to protect personal information of clients.} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}