\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{faminconnue (faminconnue)} \pdfinfo{ /Title (quantitative-method-the-survey-method.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (faminconnue (faminconnue)) /Subject (Quantitative Method: The survey method Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{67821D} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F5F7F0} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Quantitative Method: The survey method Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{faminconnue (faminconnue)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/178871/cs/38796/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}faminconnue (faminconnue) \\ \uline{cheatography.com/faminconnue} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 18th May, 2023.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{purposes of survey research}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- exploratory: e.g. what are the general views of the dutch on sending weapons on Ukraine? \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2) - descriptive: e.g. what percentage of the dutch population supports sending tanks to Ukraine and what percentage supports sending fighter jets? \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 3) - explanatory: e.g. what are decisive factors that make the dutch supporting sending weapons to Ukraine? \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 3) → these questions inquire after opinions of a large group of people or a population; a survey offers an overview of the population \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 3) → the latter 2 are most often used; they test hypotheses based on underlying theories% Row Count 13 (+ 2) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{conducting survey research does not necessarily mean you have to collect data yourself; you can also perform a secondary analysis {\emph{(=the data collected and processed by one researcher is reanalysed for a different purpose by another)}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{characteristics of a survey}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- use large scale sample from a population \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) - using {\emph{standardised}} questions \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1) - mostly {\emph{close-ended}} questions \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1) - data are processed {\emph{statistically}} \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1) surveys capture: \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1) - opinions \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1) - orientations \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1) - attitudes \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1) → of large populations by interviewing individual respondents% Row Count 10 (+ 2) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{survey questions}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{can be:}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) - open-ended: respondent's own answer \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1) - close-ended: predefined answers → must be exhaustive and exclusive \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2) {\emph{the quality of survey research depends on the quality of the questions}} \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2) {\bf{criteria:}} \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1) - clear + precise \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1) - unambiguous + not double-barrelled \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1) - relevant → Responders must be competent to answer \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2) - unbiased → they should not contain biased terms \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2) - they should not refers to norms% Row Count 14 (+ 1) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{survey methods}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{four main methods}} of administering survey questions: \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2) - self-administered questionnaires: respondents have to fill out a copy of the questionnaire themselves (CASI) \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 3) - interview surveys: face-to-face, administered by an interviewer (CAPI) \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 2) - telephone surveys (CATI) \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1) - online surveys (CAWI)% Row Count 9 (+ 1) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.82386 cm} x{1.87657 cm} x{1.87657 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{advantages vs. disadvantages}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{methods} & advantage & disadvantage \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{self-administered} & • cheaper • less time consuming • more willingness to report controversial opinions • interviewers do not impact answers & - lower response rates - higher risk of receiving incomplete questionnaires - no control over who fills in the questionnai \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 8) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{interview} & • higher response rate • higher completion rate • more affective in addressing complicated issues • possibility of making additional observations • control over who answers the questions & - expensive and time consuming - risk of compliance - less willingness to respond to sensitive issu \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 13) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{strenghts and weaknessen}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{strengths:}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1) - get a fairly accurate picture of large population \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2) - can get data on large number of cases \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1) - large number of questions on very different topics give flexibility in analyses \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2) - standardised data allows you to compare different respondents \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2) {\bf{weaknesses:}} \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1) - social context or life in which respondents act/think cannot be captured \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2) - you cannot react to sudden changes in field or the life of respondents \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 2) - assigning respondents scores on the basis of standardised, close-ended questions may result in certain degree of superficiality \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 3) → survey research is generally weak on {\emph{validity (due to artificiality)}} and strong on {\emph{reliability (due to standardised questions)}}% Row Count 19 (+ 3) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}