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\author{Euphoria\_}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (conlaw-ch9-institutions-and-other-independent-bodies.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Euphoria\_)
  /Subject (ConLaw:Ch9 Institutions \& Other Independent Bodies Cheat Sheet)
}

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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{ConLaw:Ch9 Institutions \& Other Independent Bodies Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Euphoria\_} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/38396/cs/32356/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Euphoria\_ \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/euphoria} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 7th June, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ch9 Key Provisions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{S181(2):}} Independant and subject only to Con/Law. Must be importial and perform powers wo fear.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{s181(3):}} Must be protected to ensure independence, impartiality, dignity} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{s193 and s194 }}:  Appointment and Removal - same as CC Judge} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Institution}} & {\bf{Power}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{1. Public Protector}} & Take appropiate remedial action (binding?) \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{2. SAHRC}} & Take steps to secure appropriate redress where HR have been violated (recommendary power) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{3. Cultural Commission}} & Advise and report on issues concerning (Advisory power) \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Gender Commission}} & Advise and report on... (advisory) \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Role of Ch9 Institutions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Checking on/being a watchdog of  Govt} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{2. Contributing t transforming SA into a society where SJ prevails} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{3. They reccomend, do not have power of review/set aside leg} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{4. Theu do not have power to take disciplanary action against govt officials.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{5. Role is Investigatory and Administrative} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{6. Important in terms of realising con individual rights} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{7. Assist organs of state in adherinf to new constitutional dispensation} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Independence of Institutions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Often Conflict will arise as they are meant o act as watchdogs on gov and also work with exec and leg} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{- Constitution guarantees their independence in saying that they are only subject only to law and Con} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{- they are accountable to NA and must report on their performance annually} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{- Parliament sets their budget - financial independence} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Aslam Commission}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Concerned with efficiency \& Cost of bodies bs there was an overlap in mandate \& resources were not used well} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Questions enforcement rights and whether the bodies had the "teeth" to do their work.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Recommendations}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{- Merge gender, HRC and Cultural Com} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{- Add youth com and lang board} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Auditor - General}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Supreme audit institution in country} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Produces financial and compliance audits of provincial and national departments, municipalities, public entities etc.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Ensures the proper use of public funds as these public reports indicate how arms of government managing their budgets.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Regulated by Public Audit Act} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- AG appointed for a fixed non renewable term between 5-10yrs} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SAHRC}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Designed to protect and promote human rights} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- HR Commission Act empowers commission to resolve disputes by mediation, conciliation, or negotiation.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Can rectify any act or omission in relation to a fundamental right.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Has power to make recommendations and findings which are not binding.} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Public bodies have constitutional duty assist in effectiveness and recommendations are usually acted on} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CGE}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Must promote respect for GE \& the protection, development \& attainment of GE} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- CGE Act which sets out the details of the commission's functions and powers:} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1) to monitor; 2) to educate; 3) investigate and settle complaints; 4) to conduct research; 5) to advocate for gender equality; 6) to report, advise and make recommendations 6) to litigate} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{CRLC}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Stands for The Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- The CRLC is governed by the Constitution and the CRLC Act. Responsible for:} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1) deepening appreciation for variation of cultures, religions and languages in SA} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2) contributing meaningfully and constructively to social transformation and nation-building for the attainment of a South African} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The EC}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Act states that the management of elections is the primary function of the Commission} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{S190 states that the EC must:} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1. Manage elections of  legislative bodies in accordance with legislation} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2. ensure that those elections are free and fair;} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3. declare the results of those elections within a period that must be prescribed by national legislation and that is as short as reasonably possible and more} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The ElC must be composed of at least three persons up to 5} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Public Protector}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Intermediary between state and citizens by receiving complaints against an organ of state.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Thereafter, they can investigate, report back on an take appropriate remedial action against elavant organ} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Regulated by the PP Act and s182 of Constitution.} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Appointed for 7yrs - non renewable} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Important in fight against corruption as litigation not possible for many citizens - she their voice} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Must have have resources to do this job.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- National Legislation cannot water down powers offered to PP in {\bf{Con s182(2 \&3)}}} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{EFF/DA v Speaker of NA}}} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Facts}}: PP received complaints abt security upgrades at Zuma's Nkandla home \& investigated. Conclusion was the Zuma breached con obligations in s96 oby knowingly deriving undue benefit from state resources.} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 5)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{RAction}}: President must determine reasonable costs of non-security improvements, repay a reasonable percentage of these costs, reprimand ministers involved, and to report to the NA in 14 days.} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 4)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{NA set up 2 ad hoc committees to examine report. Endorsed report by Minister which exonerated the President. The president did not comply w action} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{EFF wanted legally binding effect of the PP's report confirmed, an order that the President comply with the report and a declaration that the President/NA were in breach of their constitutional obligations. The DA launched a similar application} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 5)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Public Protector (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{CC has exclusive jurisdiction: only court that can decide whether president has failed to fulfil constitutional obligation and in so far as matters relate to NA} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{President of RSA v Office of PP}}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Facts}}: Pres seeks review of PP's 'State of Capture' report abt complaints of alleged unethical conduct by the pres, certain state functionaries \& the Guptas} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{RAction}} President was to appoint of commission of inquiry to investigate the matters in her report.} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The President's argued tha PP couldnt delegate powers to a commission of inquiry.} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Public protector act gives PP wide investigatory powers once she receives a complaint, and recommending action} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Concl:}}PP did not delegate powers to a CoI. She responded to 3 complaints, made prima facie findings and then her remedial action was the CoI..} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{+PPA empowers her to get assistance in investigations.} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Breach of the Ethics Act? No, She investigated \& found this the appropriate action.The taking of remedial action by PP isnt contingent upon a finding of injustice. She is expressly empowered to make findings/reccs on the basis of preliminary or PF findings} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 6)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Her action is binding} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 1)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Legal Affect of RAction}}} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 1)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Public Protector (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- PP is empowered to take action that has effect if its the best attempt at curing the cause of the complaint.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Contradiction to s181/182 which says her recommendations can be disregarded on rational basis. However, Rule of Law states that decisions cannot be disregarded if based on constitution.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- NA can investigate correctness of findings, but must comply with resolutions unless a court of law set them aside.} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 26
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{DA v PP}}} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 27
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{The Estina Vrede Dairy Project was established to direct public funds to empower indigent farmers in the FS \& develop local agriculture.  The aim of this R250 million project was to empower black farmers however no bank statements can prove this. A shell corporation through which money was siphoned.} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 6)
% Row 28
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{National treasury investigated and compiled a report.} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 2)
% Row 29
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Findings relating to misconduct of many officials within the department of the Free States} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 30
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Public protector report on the issue-  taken over by Mkhwebane who narrows scope of the investigation} \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 31
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Finds gross negligence, irregularities, maladministration and reccs some disciplinary action against certain officials, but doesnt investigate link between the project \& Gupta family, claiming she didn't have resources. But a lot of the work already done by Treasury/Madonsela} \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
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\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The Public Protector (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 32
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Irrational by ignoring important complaints \& failing constitutional duty} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 33
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Did not prove she had open mind that her goal was to ascertain the truth.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 34
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Report is criticised as being unconstitutional, set aside, public protector office to pay costs, with Mkhwebane paying some personally} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}