\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{erinkim04} \pdfinfo{ /Title (russian.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (erinkim04) /Subject (Russian Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A3A3A3} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F3F3F3} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Russian Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{erinkim04} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/194295/cs/40503/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}erinkim04 \\ \uline{cheatography.com/erinkim04} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 29th September, 2023.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{2} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Basics of Russian}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{In Cyrillic, there are 33 letters: 10 vowels (а, э, ы, у, о, я, е, ё, ю, и), 20 consonants (б, в, г, д, ж, з, к, л, м, н, п, р, с, т, ф, х, ц, ч, ш, щ), й or a semi-consonant, and 2 pronunciation signs (ь and ъ).} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Vowels}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Group I \{\{nl\}\} A \{\{nl\}\} Э \{\{nl\}\} Ы \{\{nl\}\} О \{\{nl\}\} У & Group II \{\{nl\}\} Я \{\{nl\}\} Е \{\{nl\}\} И \{\{nl\}\} Ё/Е \{\{nl\}\} Ю \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{5.2 cm} x{2.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Consonants}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} unpaired \{\{nl\}\} velars: к г х \{\{nl\}\} hushers: ж ш ч щ \{\{nl\}\} tse: ц & paired \{\{nl\}\} the rest \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Vowel Reduction}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Gender}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} What is gender? & There are gender types for nouns: masculine, feminine, or neuter. \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Masculine & usually end in consonant (unpaired, hard paired consonants) or -й \{\{nl\}\} some end in ь (soft paired consonants) \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Feminine & usually end in -a or –я (if the noun refers to male, it is not female) \{\{nl\}\} some end in ь (soft paired consonants) \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Neuter & usually end in -о, -е or -ё \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.56 cm} x{5.44 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Declension}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} What is declension? & There are declension types for nouns: first, second, third. \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 1st declension & masculine nouns that end in ь \{\{nl\}\} (soft paired consonant) \{\{nl\}\} nouns that end in consonant (unpaired, hard paired consonants)\{\{nl\}\} nouns that end in -о, -е or -ё \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 7) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2nd declension & nouns that end in -a or –я \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 3rd declension & feminine nouns that end in ь \{\{nl\}\} (soft paired consonant) \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.8 cm} x{5.2 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Basic Rules}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} if the word ends in й & remove it and replace it with group II version of ending \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} if the word ends in ь & remove it and replace it with group II version of ending \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} consonant & hard paired or unpaired: add \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} vowel & remove it and replace with corresponding \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} x{7.2 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Spelling Rules}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & regards unpaired consonants \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 1) & after unpaired consonant, instead of ю and я, use the letters у and а \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2) & always use e over Э \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 3) & always use И over Ы \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & never Ё \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & O: after к г х \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & O: after hushers and tse if ending is stressed \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} & е: after hushers and tse if ending is not stressed, stem is stressed \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & addition \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.368 cm} x{2.304 cm} x{2.592 cm} p{0.936 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Possessive Adjectives}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & 1st & 2nd & 3rd \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{masculine} & мой наш & твой ваш & \seqsplit{его} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{feminine} & моя наша & твоя ваша & её \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} neuter & моё наше & твоё ваше & \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & & & их \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{With nouns in the genitive case}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} x{7.2 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1) Nominative Case}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Role & 1) designates the subject of the sentence \{\{nl\}\} 2) predicative nominative 3) apposition \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 1st & ∅ for masculine, -о/-е/-ё for neuter \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2nd & а/я \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 3rd & ∅ \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.68 cm} x{4.32 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{2) Genitive Case}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} What is the genitive case? & shows possession in a sentence \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 1st & а/я \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2nd & ы/и \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 3rd & и \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.28 cm} x{4.72 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{3) Accusative Case}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} What is the accusative case? & represents direct object \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 1st & There are some cases: \{\{nl\}\} inanimate = nominative \{\{nl\}\} animate = genitive \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2nd & -у/ю \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 3rd & ∅ \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.68 cm} x{4.32 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{4) Dative Case}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} What is the dative case? & represents indirect object \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 1st & -у/ю \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2nd & -е \{\{nl\}\} -и (for –ия) \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 3rd & -и \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{5) Prepositional/Locative Case}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} What is the prepositional/\{\{nl\}\} locative case? & always includes a preposition, shows location \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Key of prepositions & some prepositions: \{\{nl\}\} О (about) \{\{nl\}\} В (in, at) \{\{nl\}\} НА (on, at) \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 1st & -е \{\{nl\}\} -и (for –ие, -ий) \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 2nd & -е \{\{nl\}\} -и (for –ия) \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 3rd & -и \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.44 cm} x{4.56 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{6) Instrumental Case}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} What is the instrumental case? & indicates the "instrument" \{\{nl\}\} includes the preposition C occasionally \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 1st & -ом/-ем/-ём \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2nd & -ой/-eй/-ёй \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 3rd & -ью \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.268 cm} x{3.572 cm} p{0.76 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Verb Conjugation}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} How many tenses are there in Russian? & There are three tenses: \{\{nl\}\} (1) past \{\{nl\}\} (2) present \{\{nl\}\} (3) future & \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} & non-past vs past: present and future have same conjugations & \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & present & \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & Singular & \seqsplit{Plural} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 1st & я & мы \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} 2nd & ты & вы \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 3rd & \seqsplit{он/она/оно} & \seqsplit{они} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{он/она/оно} & The differences are as follows: \{\{nl\}\} он: masculine \{\{nl\}\} она: feminine \{\{nl\}\} оно: neuter & \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 6) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & ты is used only for friendly & \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 2) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{1st conjugation} \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 1) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Singular & \seqsplit{Plural} \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 2) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} & у/ю & ем \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & ешь & \seqsplit{ете} \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 2) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.268 cm} x{3.572 cm} p{0.76 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Verb Conjugation (cont)}} \tn % Row 13 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & ет & \seqsplit{ут/ют} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{2nd conjugation} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Singular & \seqsplit{Plural} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{white} & у/ю & им \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 17 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & ишь & \seqsplit{ите} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 18 \SetRowColor{white} & ит & \seqsplit{ат/ят} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 3) % Row 19 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{When 1st conjugation verbs are stressed on their endings, instead of –e they are conjugated with –ё} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}