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\author{ellaBem}
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  /Title (quantitative-methods.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (ellaBem)
  /Subject (Quantitative Methods Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Quantitative Methods Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{ellaBem} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/214307/cs/46642/}}}
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  \vspace{-2pt}ellaBem \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/ellabem} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 27th June, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Relative Risk (RR)}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{It measures the ratio of risk of outcome in exposed group to the risk in the unexposed group. \newline  \newline {\bf{Study type}}  \newline Cohort or Observational studies \newline  \newline {\bf{Formula}} \newline {[}A/(A+B){]}/ {[}C/(C+D){]} \newline  \newline {\bf{Interpretation}} \newline The risk of the outcome is X times higher/lower in those exposed than the risk in those unexposed.  \newline  \newline {\bf{Example}} \newline  RR= 1.5 \newline {\emph{Unvaccinated children were 1.5 times more likely to develop chickenpox than children who were vaccinated}}}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Compares odds of an outcome in exposed vs unexposed group. \newline  \newline {\bf{Study type}} \newline Case-Control \newline  \newline {\bf{Formula}} \newline (A x D)/ (B x C) \newline  \newline {\bf{Interpretation}} \newline The odds of the outcome in those exposed is X times the odds in those unexposed. \newline  \newline {\bf{Example}}  \newline OR =2.5 \newline {\emph{The odds of hypertension among adults who consume a lot of salt is 2.5 times the odds of hypertension among those who do not take in salt}}.}  \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{It is the probability that the observed test statistic would have occurred due to chance if, truly, the null hypothesis were true.  \newline  \newline Typically set to an alpha of 0.05. \newline  \newline p-value \textless{}0.05: statistically significant (the estimate was less likely obtained by chance alone). Reject the null hypothesis. \newline  \newline p-value \textgreater{}/= 0.05: statistically significant (high likelihood of obtaining that estimate by chance). Fail to reject the null hypothesis.}  \tn 
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% That's all folks
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