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\author{dswelam}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (general-chemistry-mooc.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (dswelam)
  /Subject (General Chemistry - MOOC Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{General Chemistry - MOOC Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{dswelam} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/122607/cs/22839/}}}
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\noindent
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}dswelam \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/dswelam} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 29th July, 2021.\\
   Updated 29th July, 2021.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Gas Laws \& Conditions}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{760 Torrs~ = ~760 mmHg~ = ~1 atm \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
P = pressure ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ V = volume ~ \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 2)
T = temperature ~ ~ ~ ~n = moles \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
{\bf{Boyle's Law (P⇅V):}} P₁V₁ = P₂V₂  \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
{\bf{Charles' Law (T⇈V):}} (V₁/T₁) = (V₂/T₂)  \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 2)
{\bf{Avogadro's Law (M⇈V):}} (V₁/n₁) = (V₂/n₂)  \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
{\bf{Static Conditions:}} \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
 PV = nRT ~ ~ `R = 0.0821 L⁎atm/mol⁎K`  \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 2)
`{\bf{note: units should be L, K, atm, \& mol}}`  \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
{\bf{Dalton's Law Pressure:}} \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
P`total` = P`gas1` + P`gas2` + P`gas3` + P...% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Branches}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Alkyl Branches:}} named based on \# of carbon contained \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 2)
`have a -yl ending`  \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
CH₃ methyl branch \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
CH₂CH₃ ethyl branch \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
CH₂CH₂CH₃ propyl branch \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
{\bf{Halogen Branches:}} from group 17 of periodic table \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
F - fluoro \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
Cl - chloro \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 1)
Br -  bromo \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 1)
I - iodo% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{3.03597 cm} x{1.94103 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Units of Conversion}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
100 centimeters & = 1 meter \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
1,000 millimeters & = 1 meter \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
10,000 micrometers & = 1 meter \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
1,000,000 nanometers & = 1 meter \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
1,000 meters & = 1 kilometer \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Density Equation}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Density & = (m/v) g/mL \textasciicircum{}3\textasciicircum{} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.12779 cm} x{1.00248 cm} x{1.42018 cm} p{0.62655 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{4}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Energy}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
4184J & = 4.184kJ & = 1 kcal & =1000 cal \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Kinetic Energy & = (1/2) mv\textasciicircum{}2\textasciicircum{} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Kelvin & = C\textasciicircum{}o\textasciicircum{} + 273.15 &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Specific Heat (q) & = ms△T & (△ change in temp.) &  \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Fats & = 9 kcal/g &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Carbs & = 4 kcal/g &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Proteins & = 4 kcal/g &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Liquid ⟶ Solid & = freezing &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Solid ⟶ Gas & = \seqsplit{sublimation} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Gas ⟶ Liquid & = \seqsplit{condensation} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Solid⟶ Liquid & = melting &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
Liquid ⟶ Gas & = \seqsplit{deposition} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Gas ⟶ Solid & = \seqsplit{vaporization} &  &  \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Molarity \& Concentration}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Molarity = moles ÷ L} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Dilution: M₁V₁ = M₂V₂} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.34379 cm} x{3.63321 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Acids \& Bases}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Arrhenius Acids & increase H⁺ / increases protons / increases H₃O⁺ \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Arrhenius Bases & increase OH\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{} (hydroxide) \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Simple Acids & H + element off periodic table (e.g. HCl) \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Oxoacid & H + polyatomic ion (e.g. HNO₃) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Naming Acids:}} Drop the ending in simple acids and add "-ic acid"  ex: Hydrochloric Acid \newline If the polyatomic ion ends in "-ite", change to "-ous acid" ex: Chlorous Acid \newline {\bf{Note:}} Strong acids and strong bases dissociate completely.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{pH \& Relative Acidity}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Calculating Hydroxide:}} 1x10\textasciicircum{}-14\textasciicircum{}={[}H₃O\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}{]}{[}OH\textasciicircum{}-\textasciicircum{}{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{pH Equation:}} pH = - log{[}H\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Finding pH from Hydroxide Equation:}}  solve for H₃O\textasciicircum{}+\textasciicircum{}, then solve for pH.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Intermolecular Attractive Forces}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Hydrogen Bonding}} -  Strongest of the three.  Requires an H to be directly bonded to an N, O, or F within a molecule.   \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 3)
{\bf{Dipole-Dipole }} -  During the next two sections of this module we'll learn to ID molecules with this IMF.  Molecules with dipole-dipole forces have a permanent positive and negative "sidedness" or polarity. \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 5)
{\bf{Dispersion Forces}} -  Weakest of the three.  All molecules have dispersion forces, but they're the primary (strongest) forces for nonpolar molecules. \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 4)
{\bf{IMF Strength:}} `(lowest)` D ➠ D-D ➠ HB `(highest)`% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reactions of Alkenes}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/dswelam_1627537999_Picture2.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Calculating Abundance}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{(mass x abundance \%)  ~ + ~ (mass x abundance \%)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Note:}}abundance must be calculated by a decimal (moving decimal place two times to the front)}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Molecular Prefixes}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1  ~ =  ~ mono} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2  ~ =  ~ di} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3  ~ =  ~ tri} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4  ~ =  ~ tetra} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{5  ~ =  ~ penta} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{6  ~ =  ~ hexa} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{7  ~ =  ~ hepta} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{8  ~ =  ~ octa} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{9  ~ =  ~ nona} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{10  ~ =  ~ deca} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Note:}} Ending of last element is replaced by -ide. \newline Example: CO₂ - carbon dioxide      SF₆ - sulfur hexafluoride}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Percent Yield}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{PY = (Actual Yield (g) x 100) ÷ (Theoretical Yield (g))} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ionic Compounds}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Acetate ~ ⟶ ~ (C₃H₃O₂)\textasciicircum{}-1\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Nitrate ~ ⟶ ~ (NO₃)\textasciicircum{}-1\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Chlorate ~ ⟶ ~ (ClO₃)\textasciicircum{}-1\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Chlorate ~ ⟶ ~ (ClO₄)\textasciicircum{}-1\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ammonium ~ ⟶ ~ (NH₄)\textasciicircum{}+1\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Hydronium ~ ⟶ ~ (H₃O)\textasciicircum{}-1\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Carbonate ~ ⟶ ~ (CO₃)\textasciicircum{}-2\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Phosphate ~ ⟶ ~ (PO₄)\textasciicircum{}-3\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Hydroxide ~ ⟶ ~ (OH)\textasciicircum{}-1\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Sulfate ~ ⟶ ~ (SO₄)\textasciicircum{}-2\textasciicircum{}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Contains : a metal and/or a polyatomic ion \newline Note: Cations come first (+) and Anions come last (-) \newline Ion Charges (exceptions): Al ⟶ +3  Zn⟶  +2 \newline Writing Formulas: Cation keeps the name off periodic table while anion ends in -ide.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hydrocarbon Alkanes}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Image could not be loaded.} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Functional Groups List}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/dswelam_1627538079_Picture3.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Relating IMF Strength}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{As IMF strength increases:}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
➀ Boiling point (B.P.) will require higher temperature to boil. \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
➁ Melting point (M.P.) will require higher temperature to melt. \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
➂ Solubility in water will increase (like dissolves like, and water exhibits  H-bonding, a strong IMF) \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 3)
➃ Volatility, how readily a substance will go to the gas phase, will decrease. \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 2)
{\bf{IMF ⤊ B.P. ⤊ M.P. ⤊ Solubility in Water ⤋ Volatility }}% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Reactions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Decomposition Reaction & {\bf{ex:}} \seqsplit{2HgO(s)→2Hg(l)+O₂(g)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Combustion Reaction & {\bf{ex:}} \seqsplit{C₃H₇(g)+5O₂(g)→3CO₂(g)+4H₂O(g)} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Single-Replacement} Reaction & {\bf{ex:}} \seqsplit{Zn(s)+2HCl(aq)→ZnCl₂(aq)+H₂(g)} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Double-Replacement} Reaction & {\bf{ex:}} \seqsplit{Na₂S(aq)+2HCl(aq)→2NaCl(aq)+H₂S(g)} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Combination Reaction & {\bf{ex:}} \seqsplit{2Na(s)+Cl₂(g)→2NaCl(s)} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Note:}}  ∆⟶ reaction is heated up  \newline hλ ⟶ energy is added in form of light}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.86963 cm} p{1.73926 cm} x{1.96811 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Strong Acids}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
HCl & HBr & HClO₃ \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
HI & HNO₃ & HClO₄ \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{H₂SO₄} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Notes:}} Molecular substances act as nonelectrolytes. Soluble Ionic substances make for strong electrolytes.  \newline  \newline Balanced equations with double-sided arrows (⟷) rules an electrolyte is weak because it dissociates and recombines.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conversion Roadmap}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{mass ⟶ moles (use molar mass)} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{moles ⟶ molecules (use Avogadro's number)} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{molecules ⟶ atoms (use chemical formula)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Note:}} Avogadro's Number 6.022x10\textasciicircum{}23\textasciicircum{}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Stoichiometry}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Step \#1: Balance Equation \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
Step \#2: Given mass, convert with moles \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
Step \#3: Perform Stoichiometry, convert back to mass at the end if needed.% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}