\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{doramarin} \pdfinfo{ /Title (hne-born.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (doramarin) /Subject (HNE - B{\"o}rn Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{3EA388} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F2F9F7} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{HNE - B{\"o}rn Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{doramarin} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/162386/cs/41378/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}doramarin \\ \uline{cheatography.com/doramarin} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 21st November, 2023.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.14471 cm} x{3.83229 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Mat á starfsemi}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Heibrigðismat}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Augu}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Uppbygging og symmetry} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Visual acuity screening test} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Extroocular movements to all quadrants} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Corneal light reflex, cover-uncover test og visual fields} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ophthalmoscope; red reflex bilaterally} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{Abormalities} & ; eye drainage, cloudiness of lens, or abnormal eye movement. \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 3) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Eyru}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Staðsetning og symmetry of the external ear.} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Auditory screening test} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Otoscope; evaluate the ear canal and tympanic membrane.} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 2) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Ask about ear pain, drainage, and discomfort.} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 1) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Nef}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 1) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Symmetry and placement of the nose.} \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 1) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Are the nares bilaterally patent?} \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 1) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Are there lesions or drainage?} \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 1) % Row 17 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Are several smells identified?} \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 1) % Row 18 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Are signs of sinus infection present} \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 1) % Row 19 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Munnur og háls}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 1) % Row 20 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Are oral mucous membranes intact?} \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 1) % Row 21 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{How many primary/secondary/loose teeth are present?} \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 2) % Row 22 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Are there visible caries? Are there broken or chipped teeth?} \tn % Row Count 29 (+ 2) % Row 23 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Evaluate the soft and hard palate for intactness.} \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 1) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.14471 cm} x{3.83229 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Mat á starfsemi (cont)}} \tn % Row 24 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Describe the throat and size/appearance of tonsils.} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 25 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Palpate cervical lymph nodes, noting size and tenderness."} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.33919 cm} x{2.63781 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frávik í augum barna:}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Periorbital cellulitis: }}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Sjóntruflun/skekkja:}}\{\{nobreak\}\} & Disorders of refraction \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Hyperopia & Farsightedness; a refractive error where distant objects are seen more clearly than close objects, often due to the eyeball being too short or the cornea having too little curvature. \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 9) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Myopia & Nearsightedness; a common refractive error where close objects are seen clearly, but distant objects are blurry. \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 6) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Astigmatism & A refractive error in the eye where the cornea or lens has an irregular shape, causing blurred or distorted vision at various distances. \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 7) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Muscular or anatomic abnormalities:}}} \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Strabismus & A condition in which the eyes are misaligned and do not point in the same direction. One eye may turn inward, outward, upward, or downward. \tn % Row Count 33 (+ 7) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.33919 cm} x{2.63781 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frávik í augum barna: (cont)}} \tn % Row 7 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Amblyopia & Commonly known as "lazy eye," amblyopia is a vision development disorder where one eye does not achieve normal visual acuity, even with the use of corrective lenses. \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 8) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{white} Cataracts & Clouding of the eye's natural lens, leading to blurred vision. Cataracts are often associated with aging but can also result from injury or other medical conditions. \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 8) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Glaucoma & A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure. Glaucoma can lead to vision loss and blindness if not treated. \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 8) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{white} Retinoblastoma & A rare childhood cancer that develops in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. It can occur in one or both eyes and may lead to vision loss or loss of the eye if not treated. \tn % Row Count 34 (+ 10) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.33919 cm} x{2.63781 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frávik í augum barna: (cont)}} \tn % Row 11 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{ Litblinda:}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP):}}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Sjónskerðing/blinda:}}} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Augnskaði:}}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{V{\"o}kvamikið líffæri mikið augum. Getur komið sýking. Þvo augun. Sjónskekkjur algengar.}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frávik í eyru}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Eyrnabólga }}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Miðeyrabólga }}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Algengi & B{\"o}rn eru í aukinni hættu fyrir sýkingu vegna þess að kokhlustin er meira lárétt/fl{\"o} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Sýklar & Bakteriur og veirur \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Meðferð & Eftirlit, bíða og sjá í 2-3 ef vægt. Ef barnið er ekki betra, hefja per os \seqsplit{sýklalyfjameðferð} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 6) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Ytra eyrnabólga}}} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Ors{\"o}k & Hlustin er mj{\"o}g stutt hjá ungum b{\"o}rnum \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 3) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} Meðferð & Gefa eyrnadropa \seqsplit{(sýklalyf/bólgueyðandi)}. Getur þurft að skola eyra með saltvatni. \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 5) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Toga ytra eyra niður og aftur hjá b{\"o}rnum \textless{} 3ja ára Toga ytra eyra upp og aftur hjá b{\"o}rnum \textgreater{} 3ja ára}}} \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 3) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} Fræðsla & Fræðsla um orsakir og forvarnir \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 2) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Skert heyrn}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 29 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} Orsakir & Tíðar sýkingar geta valdið heyrnarskaða. Meðfætt \tn % Row Count 32 (+ 3) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frávik í eyru (cont)}} \tn % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Kembileit & Sjúkrahús. Langvinnar eyrnabólgur. \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} Eftirlit & Fylgjast með atferli sem gefur tilkynna skerta heyrn \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 3) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Atferli sem gefur tilkynna skerta heyrn hjá ungb{\"o}rnum }}} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Vaknar aðeins við snertingu} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Hrekkur ekki við hátt hljóð} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 17 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Vaknar ekki við hávaða} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 18 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Snýr ekki h{\"o}fði að hljóð áreiti við 3-4 mánaða aldur} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 19 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Staðsetur ekki hljóð við 6-10 mánaða aldur} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 20 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Staðsetur ekki hljóð við 6-10 mánaða aldur} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) % Row 21 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Atferli sem gefur tilkynna skerta heyrn hjá smá- og forskólab{\"o}rnum }}} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 2) % Row 22 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Talar illskiljanlega eða ekki} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 1) % Row 23 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Virðist þroskahamlaður} \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 1) % Row 24 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Virðist tilfinningalega vanþroska, {\"o}skrar óviðeigandi} \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 2) % Row 25 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Bregst ekki við þegar sími/dyrabjalla hringir} \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 1) % Row 26 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Hefur meiri áhuga á hlutum en fólki} \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 1) % Row 27 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Tjáir sig með hreyfingum} \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 1) % Row 28 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Atferli sem gefur tilkynna skerta heyrn hjá skólab{\"o}rnum og unglingum}}} \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 2) % Row 29 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Biður um að setningar séu endurteknar} \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 1) % Row 30 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Svarar spurningum óviðeigandi nema þegar horfir á viðmælanda} \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 2) % Row 31 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Tekur illa eftir og dreymir dagdrauma} \tn % Row Count 29 (+ 1) % Row 32 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Gengur illa í skóla eða skrópar} \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 1) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.43873 cm} x{2.53827 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frávik í eyru (cont)}} \tn % Row 33 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Er með talerfiðleika} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 34 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Situr nálægt TV eða hækkar í TV og útvarpi} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 35 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Vill leika eitt} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 36 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Skert heyrn}}\{\{nobreak\}\} & Meðferð \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 37 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Meðferð fer eftir tegund og alvarleika} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 38 \SetRowColor{white} Varanleg skerðing á heyrn:\{\{nobreak\}\} & þverfaglegt teymi \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 3) % Row 39 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Heyrnartap: Alvarlegt}}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 40 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Cochlear implant (þurfa að vera amk 12 mán)} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 41 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Heyrnartæki} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 42 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Samskiptatækni (táknmál, varalestur)} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nef og háls}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Blóðnasir (epistaxis) & Dry air or low humidity. Nosepicking \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Nefkoksbólga \seqsplit{(nasopharyngitis)} & Caused by various viruses, with rhinoviruses being the most common \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Kokbólga (pharyngitis) & Can be caused by viral or bacterial infections. Common viral causes include rhinovirus, influenza virus, and adenovirus. Bacterial causes may include Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus), which can lead to strep throat \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 11) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{Hálskirtlabólga} (tonsillitis) & Tonsillitis often results from viral or bacterial infections. Viral causes include adenovirus and Epstein-Barr virus. Bacterial tonsillitis is commonly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus), which can lead to strep throat \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 11) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Blóðnasir}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} Algengi & Algengt hjá b{\"o}rnum á skólab{\"o}rnum, sérstaklega drengjum \tn % Row Count 31 (+ 3) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nef og háls (cont)}} \tn % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Forvarnir & Rakt loft heima sérstakla yfir vetrartímann. Ekki bora í nef. Ekki setja hluti í nef \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} Meðferð & Kvíðastilling, draga úr nefblæðingi, \seqsplit{varúðarrástðafanir} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 3) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{ Nefkoksbólga}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} Meðferð heima & Saltvatnsdropar á 3ja – 4ra klst fresti fyrir ungb{\"o}rn. Gefa áður en að barnið drekkur. Nefúði fyrir eldri b{\"o}rn - ekki lengur en 4 - 5 daga \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 7) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Stoðmeðferð & Drekka, handþvottur, parasetamól, hvíld \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 2) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{ Hálsbólga}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Meðferð & Einkennameðferð \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 1) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Drekka vel, skola háls með saltvatni, parasetamól, hvíld, rakt loft, tyggjó, handþvottur} \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 2) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Ef sýklalyf eru notuð & Leggja áherslu á að klára lyfskammt og skipta um tannbursta eftir 2 daga frá því að byrjar á sýklalyfjum \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 6) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{ Hálskirtlataka}}\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 1) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Fræðsla til foreldra & Hætta á blæðingu er mest fyrsta sólarhringinn og 7-10 daga eftir skurðaðgerð þegar {\"o}rvefur er að myndast \tn % Row Count 34 (+ 6) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.18988 cm} x{2.78712 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nef og háls (cont)}} \tn % Row 17 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Aukaverkanir: & Parasetamól, kaldir drykkir, ekki súrir drykkir, hvíld, rólegheit \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{HÚÐ og vefir BARNA}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Sýrustig húðarinnar}} & The acidity of children's skin is noted to be alkaline during the first week of life. \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{During the first week of life, a newborn's skin is alkaline. This is primarily because the acid mantle, which is a thin, protective layer on the skin's surface, takes time to develop. The acid mantle is crucial for protecting the skin from bacteria and other environmental factors. The alkaline nature of the skin in the initial days may make it more susceptible to irritation and microbial colonization.}}} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 9) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Þunnur epidermis}} & The epidermis in children is described as thin, making them more susceptible to blister formation. \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{The thinness of the epidermis in children, especially in newborns, makes their skin more fragile. The formation of blisters can occur more easily due to the delicate nature of the epidermal layer. Newborn skin is also more permeable than adult skin, which can affect the absorption of substances.}}} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 6) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Aðskilin húðl{\"o}g}}} \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{In newborns, the layers of the skin are not as well-integrated as in adults. The dermis and epidermis may not be fully connected, and this separation could affect the overall structural integrity of the skin.}}} \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 5) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{HÚÐ og vefir BARNA (cont)}} \tn % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Meiri millifurmuv{\"o}kvi}} & This could affect the hydration and protective functions of the skin. \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Children, especially infants, have a higher ratio of intercellular fluid compared to adults. This means there is more fluid between the skin cells. This increased intercellular fluid can contribute to the softness and pliability of children's skin, but it may also impact barrier function and dehydration susceptibility.}}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 7) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Slímhúð}} & IgA nær sama gildi og hjá fullorðnum við 2-5 ár aldur \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 3) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is an antibody that plays a crucial role in mucosal immunity. The note that IgA levels in mucosa reach adult levels by 2-5 years indicates a maturation of the immune system in mucosal surfaces during early childhood. This maturation is essential for effective defense against pathogens.}}} \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 7) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Fitukirtlar}} & Virkir fyrst eftir fæðingu, óvirkir til 8-10 ára \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 3) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Sebaceous glands produce sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the skin and helps in maintaining its integrity. The inactivity of sebaceous glands until 8-10 years means that children may have drier skin compared to adults, and considerations for skin hydration become crucial, especially in the early years.}}} \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 7) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{HÚÐ og vefir BARNA (cont)}} \tn % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{ Apocrine kirtlar:}} & fara að svitna t.d. Undir h{\"o}ndum. \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{The activation of apocrine glands around 8-10 years indicates the onset of sweating in areas like the hands. Sweating is a critical mechanism for thermoregulation, helping the body cool down. The delayed activation suggests that children may have a different thermoregulatory mechanism until a certain age.}}} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 7) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{General Implications:}}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Skin Vulnerability in Infancy:} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Separation of Skin Layers:} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 17 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Immunological Maturation:} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 18 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Delayed Sebaceous Gland Activity:} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) % Row 19 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Onset of Sweating in Late Childhood:} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Breytingar á húð og vefjum}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Nýburi}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Húðin er mj{\"o}g þunn, lítil fita undir húð} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Eccrine svitakirtlar mynda svita sem sv{\"o}run við hita- og tilfinningaáreitum} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Apocrine svitakirtlar eru litlir og óstarfhæfir} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Epidermis og dermis tengjast lauslega, mikill millifrumu-v{\"o}kvi, núningur eykur hættu á bl{\"o}ðrumyndun} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Minna magn melanin litarefnis í húð við fæðingu – húðin ljós} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Unglingur}}} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Húðin þykknar} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Epidermis og dermis tengjast þétt – veitir viðnám fyrir sýkingum núningi og ertingu} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 2) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Eccrine svitakirtlar með fulla starfsemi, eftir kynþroska svitna drengir \textgreater{} stúlkur} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 2) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Apocirne svitakirtlar þroskast við kynþroska} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Melanin það sama og hjá fullorðnum, veitir v{\"o}rn gegn útfjólubláum geislum} \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Húðvandamál barna}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Húðbólga - dermatitis}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}