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\author{Dinesh1102}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (qiskit-programming-qml.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Dinesh1102)
  /Subject (Qiskit Programming - QML Cheat Sheet)
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Qiskit Programming - QML Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Dinesh1102} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/172447/cs/36251/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Dinesh1102 \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/dinesh1102} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 24th December, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Import Libraries}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{from qiskit import QuantumRegister , ClassicalRegister, QuantumCircuit , Aer , execute \newline from qiskit.visualization import visualize\_transition \newline import numpy as np \newline import math as m} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Quantum Circuits}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\#Define Simulator \newline S\_simulator = Aer.backends(name='statevector\_simulator'){[}0{]} \newline M\_simulator = Aer.backends(name='qasm\_simulator'){[}0{]} \newline  \newline \#Define Register (1 qubit) \newline qreg\_q = QuantumRegister(1,'q') \newline creg\_c = ClassicalRegister(1,'c') \newline  \newline \#Define quantum circuit \newline qc = QuantumCircuit(qreg\_q,creg\_c) \newline  \newline \#Add Quantum gates to Circuit \newline qc.h(qreg\_q{[}0{]}) \newline \# Add Measure \newline qc.measure(qreg\_q,creg\_c) \newline  \newline \#RUn circuit on Simulator \newline job = execute(qc,M\_simulator) \newline result = job.result() \newline result.get\_counts(qc)} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Quantum Gates}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Names	Example	Notes \newline I, Identity	qc.id(0) or qc.i(o)	Applies I gate to qubit 0. \newline H, Hadamard	qc.h(0)	Applies H gate to qubit 0. \newline X	qc.x(0)	Applies X gate to qubit 0. \newline Y	qc.y({[}0,1,2{]})	Applies Y gates to qubits 0, 1, and 2. \newline Z	qc.z(0)	Applies Z gate to qubit 0. Equivalent to P gate with π phase rotation. \newline P, Phase	qc.p(math.pi/2,0)	Applies P gate with π/2 phase rotation to qubit 0. \newline S	qc.s(0)	Applies S gate to qubit 0. Equivalent to P gate with π/2 phase rotation. \newline S\textdagger{}	qc.sdg(0)	Applies S\textdagger{} gate to qubit 0. Equivalent to P gate with 3π/2 phase rotation. \newline SX	qc.sx(0)	Applies SX (square root of X) gate to qubit 0. Equivalent to RX gate with π/2 rotation. \newline T	qc.t(0)	Applies T gate to qubit 0. Equivalent to P gate with π/4 phase rotation. \newline T\textdagger{}	qc.tdg(0)	Applies T\textdagger{} gate to qubit 0. Equivalent to P gate with 7π/4 phase rotation. \newline RX	qc.rx(math.pi/4,0)	Applies RX gate with π/4 rotation to qubit 0. \newline RY	qc.ry(math.pi/8,0)	Applies RY gate with π/8 rotation to qubit 0. \newline RZ	qc.rz(math.pi/2,0)	Applies RZ gate with π/2 rotation to qubit 0. \newline U	qc.u(math.pi/2,0,math.pi,5)	Applies rotation with 3 Euler angles to qubit 5.} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Quantum Teleportation}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{from qiskit import {\emph{ \newline from qiskit.tools.jupyter import }} \newline from qiskit.visualization import * \newline import matplotlib.pyplot as plotter \newline import numpy as np \newline from IPython.display import display, Math, Latex \newline \%matplotlib inline \newline  \newline sim = \seqsplit{Aer.get\_backend('aer\_simulator')} \newline  \newline qr = QuantumRegister(3) \newline crz = ClassicalRegister(1) \newline crx = ClassicalRegister(2)            \# we will need seperates registers for using 'c\_if' later. \newline qc = QuantumCircuit(qr,crz,crx) \newline  \newline qc.x(0) \newline qc.h(0)                               \# 'psi' can't be unknown to us as we are creating it here. Let us take '-' state as our 'psi'. This is done by operating X and H gate on the q0 i.e., H.X|0\textgreater{} \newline                                       \# We will verify later if the '-' is been teleported. \newline qc.draw('mpl') \newline  \newline  \newline qc.h(1) \newline qc.cx(1,2)                            \# creating a bell state \newline qc.barrier()                          \# Use barrier to separate steps, everything till this barrier is just intialisation. \newline qc.draw('mpl') \newline  \newline qc.cx(0,1) \# '0' and '1' are with Alice and '2' is with Bob. \newline \# psi\_1 prepared. \newline qc.barrier()                          \# Use barrier to separate steps \newline qc.draw('mpl') \newline  \newline qc.h(0) \newline \# psi\_2 prepared. \newline qc.barrier() \newline qc.draw('mpl') \newline  \newline qc.measure(0,0) \newline qc.measure(1,1) \newline qc.barrier() \newline qc.draw('mpl') \newline  \newline qc.x(2).c\_if(crx,1)  \# 'c\_if' compares a classical register with a value (either 0 or 1) and performs the  \newline qc.z(2).c\_if(crz,1)  \# operation if they are equal. \newline qc.draw('mpl') \newline  \newline qc.h(2) \newline qc.measure(2,crx{[}1{]}) \newline qc.draw('mpl') \newline  \newline qobj = assemble(qc) \newline result = sim.run(qobj).result() \newline counts = result.get\_counts() \newline plot\_histogram(counts)} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{QKD with BB84 protocol}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{from qiskit import {\emph{ \newline from qiskit.compiler import transpile, assemble \newline from qiskit.tools.jupyter import }} \newline from qiskit.visualization import {\emph{ \newline import matplotlib.pyplot as plotter \newline import numpy as np \newline from IPython.display import display, Math, Latex \newline import math as m \newline  \newline \%matplotlib inline \newline  \newline from qiskit import }} \newline from qiskit.visualization import plot\_histogram \newline \%config \seqsplit{InlineBackend.figure\_format} = 'svg' \newline  \newline qc\_ab = QuantumCircuit(6,6) \#Create a quantum circuit with 6 qubits and 6 classical bits \newline  \newline  \newline \#\#ENCODE BIT STRING \newline \#The random bit sequence Alice needs to encode is: 100100, so the first and fourth qubits are flipped from |0\textgreater{} -\textgreater{} |1\textgreater{} \newline qc\_ab.x(0) \#The first qubit is indexed at 0, following Python being zero-indexed. From now on it'll be referred to as qubit 0 and so on. \newline qc\_ab.x(3)  \newline qc\_ab.barrier() \newline  \newline  \newline \#\#ALICE CHOOSES \newline \#Alice randomly chooses to apply an X or an H.   \newline \#Note that since the state is already either a |0\textgreater{} or |1\textgreater{}, a Z essentially leaves the qubit state unchanged. But let's write it anyway, shall we?  \newline  \newline qc\_ab.h(0) \# or qc.z(0) \# switch these based on your own choice \newline qc\_ab.z(1) \# or qc.h(1) \newline qc\_ab.z(2) \# or qc.h(2) \newline qc\_ab.h(3) \# or qc.z(3) \newline qc\_ab.z(4) \# or qc.h(4) \newline qc\_ab.h(5) \# or qc.z(5) \newline qc\_ab.barrier() \newline  \newline  \newline \#\#BOB CHOOSES \newline \#Alice sends the qubit sequence to Bob, and Bob randomly chooses measurements \newline qc\_ab.h(0) \# or qc.z(0) \# switch these based on your own choice \newline qc\_ab.z(1) \# or qc.h(1) \newline qc\_ab.h(2) \# or qc.z(2) \newline qc\_ab.h(3) \# or qc.z(3) \newline qc\_ab.z(4) \# or qc.h(4) \newline qc\_ab.z(5) \# or qc.h(5) \newline qc\_ab.barrier() \newline  \newline  \newline \#\#PUBLICIZE CHOICES \newline \#Alice and Bob publicize their choices and only retain those for which their choices match. In this case: qubits 0,1,3,4.  \newline \#Note: technically Bob performs the measurement BEFORE publicizing, but we're combining the two here since no one is actually communicating. \newline  \newline qc\_ab.measure(0,0) \newline qc\_ab.measure(1,1) \newline qc\_ab.measure(3,3) \newline qc\_ab.measure(4,4) \newline  \newline  \newline \#qc\_ab.measure(2,2) \#come back to uncomment these to see what happens to the results after you've run this once \newline \#qc\_ab.measure(5,5) \newline  \newline  \newline qc\_ab.draw(output='mpl') \#let's see what this circuit looks like! \newline  \newline \#\#EXECUTE \newline result = execute(qc\_ab, \seqsplit{Aer.get\_backend('qasm\_simulator')).result().get\_counts()} \#We're only making use of the simulator. Refer to {[}2{]} to see how you can run this on a real quantum computer. \newline plot\_histogram(result) \newline  \newline \#Same situation but now with an eavesdropper (Eve)  \newline  \newline qc\_aeb = QuantumCircuit(6,6) \#Create a quantum circuit with 6 qubits and 6 classical bits \newline  \newline \#\#ENCODE BIT STRING \newline qc\_aeb.x(0)  \newline qc\_aeb.x(3)  \newline qc\_aeb.barrier() \newline  \newline \#\#ALICE CHOOSES \newline qc\_aeb.h(0)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(1)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(2)  \newline qc\_aeb.h(3)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(4)  \newline qc\_aeb.h(5)  \newline qc\_aeb.barrier() \newline  \newline \#\#EVE CHOOSES \newline qc\_aeb.h(0) \#play around with these to see how many states with non-zero probabilities show up at the end for a fixed set of Alice's and Bob's choices \newline qc\_aeb.z(1)  \newline qc\_aeb.h(2)  \newline qc\_aeb.h(3)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(4)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(5)  \newline qc\_aeb.barrier() \newline  \newline \#\#BOB CHOOSES \newline qc\_aeb.h(0)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(1)  \newline qc\_aeb.h(2)  \newline qc\_aeb.h(3)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(4)  \newline qc\_aeb.z(5)  \newline qc\_aeb.barrier() \newline  \newline  \newline \#\#PUBLICIZE CHOICES \newline  \newline qc\_aeb.measure(0,0) \newline qc\_aeb.measure(1,1) \newline qc\_aeb.measure(3,3) \newline qc\_aeb.measure(4,4) \newline  \newline \#qc\_aeb.measure(2,2) \#come back to uncomment these to see what happens to the results after you've run this once \newline \#qc\_aeb.measure(5,5) \newline  \newline qc\_aeb.draw(output='mpl') \#let's see what this circuit looks like! \newline  \newline \#\#EXECUTE \newline result = execute(qc\_aeb, \seqsplit{Aer.get\_backend('qasm\_simulator')).result().get\_counts()} \newline plot\_histogram(result)} \tn 
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% That's all folks
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