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  /Title (8-1-energy-transfer-in-the-climate-system.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author ({[}deleted{]})
  /Subject (8.1: Energy Transfer in the Climate System Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{8.1: Energy Transfer in the Climate System Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{{[}deleted{]}} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/48005/cs/14324/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 15th January, 2018.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Energy Transfer in the Climate System}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Earth's climate is a {\emph{system}} → a group of interdependent parts that work together to form a single functioning whole} \tn 
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% Row 1
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{\bf{Open System:}} & A system in which energy and matter cross the system's boundaries \tn 
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{\bf{Closed System:}} & A system that allows energy but not matter to cross the system's boundaries \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Earth is a closed system → it maintains a temperature balance by radiating as much energy into space as it takes in from the Sun} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Effects of Feedback Loops on the Earth System}}  \tn
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{\bf{Feedback Loop:}} & A process in which part of a system's output is returned, or fed back, to the input \tn 
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% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{In Earth's system, many feedback loops affect the conditions of the atmosphere, ocean, and land} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Positive Feedback Loops}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Acts to increase the effects of interacting Parts} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Small initial changes in climate can lead to large and larger changes} \tn 
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Example: & Decrease in albedo ↓ \tn 
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 & Increase in global warming ↓ \tn 
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 & Increase rate of melting ice ↓ \tn 
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 & Decrease in albedo ↓ \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Negative Feedback Loop}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Acts to decrease the effects of the interacting parts and helps to maintain a system's equilibrium} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The processes in a negative feedback loop act as checks and balances to prevent, slow, or reverse change in a system} \tn 
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Example: & Increase in global warming ↓ \tn 
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 & Increase in evaporation of water ↓ \tn 
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 & Increase in cloud cover ↓ \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Effects of Feedback Loops on the Earth System (cont)}}  \tn
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 & Increase in albedo ↓ \tn 
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 & Decrease in global warming \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Sunlight is responsible for feedback loops in Earth's climate system} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{Thermal energy}} is the energy that an object has because of the motion of its molecules} \tn 
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Three main processes transfer energy through Earth's climate system & {\bf{I. Radiation:}} The transfer of energy, including thermal energy, as electromagnetic radiation. All matter radiates some thermal energy. This form of energy can travel through the vacuum of space. When radiation encounters matter, the matter may absorb the radiation, reflect it, or refract it. \tn 
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% Row 24
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 & {\bf{II. Conduction:}} The transfer of thermal energy between two objects or substances in direct physical contact. The thermal energy always moves from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. \tn 
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 & {\bf{III. Convection:}}* The transfer of thermal energy by highly energized molecules moving from one place to another. Can occur in liquids and gases, but not solids. A convection current is a pattern of circulation. \tn 
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% That's all folks
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