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% Document Info
\author{{[}deleted{]}}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (python-3-grundlagen.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author ({[}deleted{]})
  /Subject (Python 3 Grundlagen Cheat Sheet)
}

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\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Python 3 Grundlagen Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{{[}deleted{]}} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/37514/cs/11784/}}}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}{[}deleted{]} \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/deleted-37514} \\
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 21st June, 2017.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
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% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nützliche Links}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Offizielle Python 3.6 Dokumentation}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\{\{link="https://docs.python.org/3.6/"\}\}https://docs.python.org/3.6/\{\{/link\}\} \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
{\bf{Stackoverflow mit Tag für Python 3}} \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\{\{link="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python-3.x"\}\}https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/pyt\{\{nl\}\}hon-3.x\{\{/link\}\}% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{H{\"a}ufige Fehler}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Beschreibung \{\{nl\}\}der Fehlerursache}} & {\bf{falsch}} {\emph{statt}}\{\{nl\}\} {\bf{richtig}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Gro{\ss}-/Kleinschreibung\{\{nl\}\} inkorrekt & `wahr = true`\{\{nl\}\}{\emph{statt}}\{\{nl\}\}`wahr = {\bf{T}}rue` \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Leere Klammer fehlt nach Funktionsname & `sprite.down` \{\{nl\}\}{\emph{statt}}\{\{nl\}\}`sprite.down{\bf{()}}` \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Gleitkommazahl in Komma-\{\{nl\}\}Schreibweise & \{\{nobreak\}\}`meinFloat = 1,37` \{\{nl\}\}{\emph{statt}}\{\{nl\}\}`meinFloat = 1{\bf{.}}37` \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.9954 cm} x{3.9816 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Datentypen}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Typ}} & {\bf{Beispielwerte}} \{\{nl\}\} `{\bf{Deklaration}}` \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Integer & -23, 42, 5 \{\{nl\}\} `ganzzahl = 1` \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Float & -1.72, 3.141\{\{nl\}\}`gleitzahl = 1.3` \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
String & "Hi", "Hey du!"\{\{nl\}\}`text = 'Hallo'` \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Boolean & True, False\{\{nl\}\}`wahrheit = False` \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Tupel & (1, 2, 3), ('Eins', 2, 3.45)\{\{nl\}\}`unveraenderbar = (1, 2, 3)` \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Liste & {[}1, 2, 3{]}, {[}'Eins', 2, 3.45{]} \{\{nl\}\}`veraenderbar = {[}1, 2, 3{]}` \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Dictionary} & \{name:'hans', alter: 7,...\}\{\{nl\}\}`person = \{name: 'Hans', alter: 7\}` \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Iterator} & string, range, andere Objekte\{\{nl\}\}`irgendwas = range(7)` \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{3.38436 cm} x{1.59264 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ausgabe}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`print('Hello World')` & Einzelner String \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`print('Hi', end='')` & Ohne \seqsplit{Zeilenumbruch} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`print()` & Leere Zeile \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`name = 'John' \{\{nl\}\} print('Hello', name)` & String und Variable \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Formatiert:}} {\emph{(z.B. zwei Nachkommastellen)}} \newline `waehrung = 'Euro'` \newline `kosten = 3.1572` \newline `print('Betrag: \{:.2f\} \{\}'.format(kosten, waehrung))` \newline `\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} Preis: 3.15 Euro`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Eingabe}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{eingabe = input('Eingabe: ') \newline try: \newline     eingabe = int(eingabe) \newline except ValueError as err: \newline     print('Fehler! Keine Ganzzahl!') \newline     print('Meldung: \{\}'.format(err))} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Der Datentyp von {\bf{input()}} ist immer String, daher ggf. in anderen Datentyp umwandeln und dabei Fehlerbehandlung nutzen. \newline Nicht die Funktion {\bf{eval()}} zur Umwandlung nutzen!}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.64701 cm} x{4.32999 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Operator}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`x+y` & Addition \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`x-y` & Subtraktion \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`x*y` & Multiplikation \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`x/y` & Division \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`x**y`} & Exponentiation \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`x\%y` & Modulo \{\{nl\}\}(Rest bei ganzahliger Division) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Funktionen deklarieren}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{\# Allgemein:}} \newline def {\emph{\textless{}FunktionsName\textgreater{}}}({\emph{\textless{}Parameter\textgreater{}}}): \newline     {\emph{\textless{}Anweisungen\textgreater{}}} \newline     return {\emph{\textless{}Rückgabewert\textgreater{}}} \newline  \newline {\bf{\# Beispiel:}} \newline def addiere(x, y): \newline     ergebnis = x + y \newline     return ergebnis} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Bedingte Ausführung}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{\# Allgemein:}} \newline if {\emph{\textless{}bedingung\textgreater{}}}: \newline     {\emph{\textless{}anweisungen\textgreater{}}} \newline elif {\emph{\textless{}andere\_bedingung\textgreater{}}}: \newline     {\emph{\textless{}andere\_anweisungen\textgreater{}}} \newline else: \newline     {\emph{\textless{}weitere\_anweisungen\textgreater{}}} \newline  \newline {\bf{\# Beispiel:}} \newline x = 7 \newline if x == 5: \newline     print('Die Zahl ist eine Fünf') \newline elif x == 7: \newline     print('Die Zahl ist eine Sieben') \newline else: \newline     print('Die Zahl ist weder 5 noch 7')} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Der {\bf{{\emph{elif}}}}-Block ist optional und kann beliebig oft verwendet werden.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.09848 cm} x{0.96117 cm} x{2.51735 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Bedingungen}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textless{} & kleiner als & `wert \textless{} 10` \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\textgreater{} & gr{\"o}{\ss}er als & `wert \textgreater{} 5` \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
== & gleich & `wert == 23\{\{nl\}\} passwort == "geheim"` \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\textless{}= & kleiner gleich & `5 \textless{}=7` \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textgreater{}= & gr{\"o}{\ss}er gleich & `8 \textgreater{}= 5` \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
!= & \seqsplit{ungleich} & `78 != 93\{\{nl\}\} "Peter" != "peter"` \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
in & \seqsplit{(enthalten)} in & `"b" in "Libelle"\{\{nl\}\} "peter" in userListe` \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{nobreak\}\}not in & nicht in & `"y" not in "Vogel"\{\{nl\}\} "peter" not in userListe` \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Wiederholungen / Schleifen}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{\# for-Schleife}} \newline for i in range(0,10): \newline     print('Durchlauf Nr.', i) \newline  \newline {\bf{\# while-Schleife}} \newline x = 5 \newline while x \textgreater{} 0: \newline     print('x: \{\}'.format(x)) \newline     x -= 1 \newline  \newline {\bf{\# Funktionen zur Schleifensteuerung}} \newline for i in range(0,10): \newline     if i == 3: \newline         {\bf{continue}}~~~{\emph{\# N{\"a}chster Durchlauf}} \newline     if i == 7: \newline         {\bf{break}}~~~~~~{\emph{\# Abbruch der Schleife}} \newline    print(i, new=', ') \newline \textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{} 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6,} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Fehlerbehandlung}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{\# Allgemein}} \newline try: \newline     \# Anweisungen \newline except {\emph{ExceptionType}} as err: \newline     \# Anweisungen \newline     \# Zugriff auf Fehlermeldung: err \newline except: \newline     \# Anweisungen \newline     \newline {\bf{\# Beispiel}} \newline def teilen(a, b): \newline     ergebnis = None \newline     try: \newline         ergebnis = a / b \newline     except ZeroDivisionError as err: \newline         print('Fehler: Division durch Null!') \newline         print('Meldung: \{\}'.format(err)) \newline     return ergebnis \newline  \newline print(teilen(15, 0))} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{ExceptionType m{\"o}glichst explizit angeben}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Arbeiten mit Strings}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`len(myStr)` & Anzahl der Zeichen von myStr \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`myStr.lower() \{\{nl\}\} myStr.upper()` & Umwandlung zu Klein-/Gro{\ss}buchstaben \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{nobreak\}\}`myStr.replace(old,new)` & Ersetzt in myStr 'old' durch 'new' \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`myStr.split(char)` & Teilt an 'char' auf, erzeugt Liste \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`myStr.strip()` & Entfernt Leerzeichen (whitespace) am Anfang und Ende von myStr \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`myStr{[}1:5{]}` & Zeichen 1-5 ausschneiden \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.09034 cm} x{2.88666 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Arbeiten mit Listen}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`len(myList)` & Anzahl der Elemente \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`x in myList` & True, wenn x ein Element in myList \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\{\{nobreak\}\}`myList.append(x)` & x an myList anh{\"a}ngen \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
`myList{[}i{]} = x` & Element an Stelle i ersetzen durch x \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{`'c'.join(myList)`} & Verbindet Elemente der Liste zu einem String, getrennt durch c \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Iterieren über Listen}} {\emph{(ohne Index)}} \newline `for element in myList:` \newline `~~~~print('Wert:', element)` \newline  \newline {\bf{Iterieren über Listen}} {\emph{(mit Index)}} \newline `for i, element in enumerate(myList):` \newline `~~~~print('Position:', i)` \newline `~~~~print('Wert:', element)`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Slicing von Listen (incl. Strings)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/holgi_1497822977_string-slicing.png}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Beispiele}} \newline `myList{[}-1{]}~~~\# letztes Element` \newline `myList{[}-2:{]}~~\# letzten 2 Elemente` \newline `myList{[}:-2{]}~~\# alles bis auf die letzten zwei` \newline `myList{[}2:-1:2{]}~\# Vom dritten bis vorletzten Element, aber nur jedes zweite`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.88666 cm} x{2.09034 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Arbeiten mit Dictionaries}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`len(myDict)` & Anzahl der Eintr{\"a}ge \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
`del myDict{[}myKey{]}` & L{\"o}scht Schlüssel myKey \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`list(myDict.keys())` & Liste aller Schlüssel \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\{\{nobreak\}\}`list(myDict.values())` & Liste aller Werte \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`list(myDict.items())` & Liste von Tupeln \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
`myKey in myDict` & True, wenn myKey vorhanden \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Iterieren über Dictionaries:}} \newline `myDict = \{'name':'Peter', 'alter':'19'\}` \newline `for key, value in myDict.items():` \newline `~~~~print('Schlüssel:', key)` \newline `~~~~print('Wert:', value)`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}