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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
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% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
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% Document Info
\author{datamansam}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (python-modules-and-packages.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (datamansam)
  /Subject (Python Modules And Packages Cheat Sheet)
}

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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Python Modules And Packages Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{datamansam} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/139410/cs/29867/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}datamansam \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/datamansam} \\
  \end{tabulary}
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\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 30th November, 2021.\\
   Updated 30th November, 2021.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Modules}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Single Py Files Containing & Python components you have defined (functions, variables, classes, etc.) Runnable code (scripts) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Can be: & Executed (python my\_module.py) Imported from a shell or another file \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{IMPORTING} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
When you import a module, a new name, 'bound' to the module, is created in the current scope: & import math \{\{nl\}\} x = math.pow(2, 3) \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 5)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & from math import pow \{\{nl\}\}x = pow(2, 3) \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
We can also import a specific function from the module, and so now we don't need to specify the module name & from math import * \{\{nl\}\} x = pow(2, 3) \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 6)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
We could also achieve this by importing all objects in the module, but isk creating namespace conflicts: & from math import * \{\{nl\}\} x = pow(2, 3) \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 6)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 0)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
We can import a module under an alias to bind it to a name of our choice: & import pandas as pd import seaborn as sns \tn 
% Row Count 33 (+ 4)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Modules (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{All runnable code in a module is executed at import.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{f you want it to be executed only when you run the file, use the following:} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
if \_\_name\_\_ == "\_\_main\_\_": \{\{nl\}\}	print("This will be run only if the file is execut ed") & \_\_name\_\_ is a special built-in variable which will automatically be set to "\_\_main\_\_" if the source file is being executed as the main program, rather than being imported. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 9)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{When importing, Python looks for the module with the same name in:} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
The built-in modules & The directories defined in the sys.path list: \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{white}
 & The current working directory \{\{nl\}\} The PYTHONPATH list \{\{nl\}\} The default Python directory \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 5)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
You can access this list at runtime and append new paths to it manually: & import sys print(sys.path) \seqsplit{sys.path.append("/path/to/add")} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Code to treat Jupyter notebooks as modules}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{import io, os, sys, types \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
import nbformat \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
from IPython import get\_ipython \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
from \seqsplit{IPython.core.interactiveshell} import InteractiveShell \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
def find\_notebook(fullname, path=None): \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
    """find a notebook, given its fully qualified name and an optional path \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
    This turns "foo.bar" into "foo/bar.ipynb" \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
    and tries turning "Foo\_Bar" into "Foo Bar" if Foo\_Bar \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 2)
    does not exist. \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
    """ \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
    name = fullname.rsplit('.', 1){[}-1{]} \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
    if not path: \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
        path = {[}''{]} \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
    for d in path: \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 1)
        nb\_path = os.path.join(d, name + ".ipynb") \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 2)
        if \seqsplit{os.path.isfile(nb\_path):} \newline % Row Count 20 (+ 1)
            return nb\_path \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 1)
        \# let import Notebook\_Name find "Notebook Name.ipynb" \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 2)
        nb\_path = nb\_path.replace("\_", " ") \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 1)
        if \seqsplit{os.path.isfile(nb\_path):} \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 1)
            return nb\_path \newline % Row Count 26 (+ 1)
class NotebookLoader(object): \newline % Row Count 27 (+ 1)
    """Module Loader for IPython Notebooks""" \newline % Row Count 28 (+ 1)
    def \_\_init\_\_(self, path=None): \newline % Row Count 29 (+ 1)
        self.shell = \seqsplit{InteractiveShell.instance()} \newline % Row Count 30 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Code to treat Jupyter notebooks as modules (cont)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{        self.path = path \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
    def load\_module(self, fullname): \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
        """import a notebook as a module""" \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
        path = find\_notebook(fullname, self.path) \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
        print ("importing notebook from \%s" \% path) \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 2)
        \# load the notebook object \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
        nb = nbformat.read(path, as\_version=4) \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
        \# create the module and add it to sys.modules \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 2)
        \# if name in sys.modules: \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 1)
        \#    return sys.modules{[}name{]} \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
        mod = \seqsplit{types.ModuleType(fullname)} \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
        mod.\_\_file\_\_ = path \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
        mod.\_\_loader\_\_ = self \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
        mod.\_\_dict\_\_{[}'get\_ipython'{]} = get\_ipython \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
        sys.modules{[}fullname{]} = mod \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 1)
        \# extra work to ensure that magics that would affect the user\_ns \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 2)
        \# actually affect the notebook module's ns \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 2)
        save\_user\_ns = self.shell.user\_ns \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 1)
        self.shell.user\_ns = mod.\_\_dict\_\_ \newline % Row Count 23 (+ 1)
        try: \newline % Row Count 24 (+ 1)
            for cell in nb.cells: \newline % Row Count 25 (+ 1)
                if cell.cell\_type == 'code': \newline % Row Count 26 (+ 1)
                    \# transform the input to executable Python \newline % Row Count 28 (+ 2)
                    code = \seqsplit{self.shell.input\_transformer\_manager.transform\_cell(cell.source)} \newline % Row Count 30 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Code to treat Jupyter notebooks as modules (cont)}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{                    \# run the code in themodule \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
                    exec(code, mod.\_\_dict\_\_) \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
        finally: \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
            self.shell.user\_ns = save\_user\_ns \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
        return mod \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
class NotebookFinder(object): \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
    """Module finder that locates IPython Notebooks""" \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 2)
    def \_\_init\_\_(self): \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
        self.loaders = \{\} \newline % Row Count 10 (+ 1)
    def find\_module(self, fullname, path=None): \newline % Row Count 11 (+ 1)
        nb\_path = find\_notebook(fullname, path) \newline % Row Count 12 (+ 1)
        if not nb\_path: \newline % Row Count 13 (+ 1)
            return \newline % Row Count 14 (+ 1)
        key = path \newline % Row Count 15 (+ 1)
        if path: \newline % Row Count 16 (+ 1)
            \# lists aren't hashable \newline % Row Count 17 (+ 1)
            key = os.path.sep.join(path) \newline % Row Count 18 (+ 1)
        if key not in self.loaders: \newline % Row Count 19 (+ 1)
            self.loaders{[}key{]} = NotebookLoader(path) \newline % Row Count 21 (+ 2)
        return self.loaders{[}key{]} \newline % Row Count 22 (+ 1)
\seqsplit{sys.meta\_path.append(NotebookFinder())}% Row Count 23 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{3.23505 cm} x{1.74195 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Importing ipynb as modules}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
from NameOfModule import NameOfFunction & from math import pow2 \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Packages}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Packages are directories that contain modules and/or other packages. This can be a good way to group modules in a hierarchical directory structure.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\_\_init\_\_.py in a package will be executed at import. & Can be used to import nested modules at a higher level of hierarchy \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 4)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{When working with packages, it is recommended to assume code will be run from the top level and use absolute imports from there} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Add an extra level of hierarchy and a setup.py file & To install run: pip install my\_package/ (the / is important) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Once installed, you can import your module from Python, or run an executable in the shell if you've defined an entrypoint.} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}