\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{datamansam}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (data-flow-with-python.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (datamansam)
  /Subject (Data Flow with Python Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
\addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm}
\addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm}
\addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm}
\addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns
\setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content
\setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
\definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{A3A3A3}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F3F3F3}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Data Flow with Python Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{datamansam} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/139410/cs/32160/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}datamansam \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/datamansam} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 3rd September, 2022.\\
   Updated 3rd September, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.19002 cm} x{2.05965 cm} x{1.32733 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Comprehensions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{List:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
name of new list = & {[}expression for item in iterable & if condition == True{]} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
squares = & {[}number**2 for number in numbers & if x \textless{} 5{]} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{Generators:} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & use () & not {[}{]} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{print(next(result))} & \seqsplit{print(next(result))} &  \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Dictionaries}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{for x, y in art\_galleries.items(): \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
print(x) \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
print(y) \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\# x with return keys,  \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
y values% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Set Functions to process Iterable Objects}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Create sets from a list:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{cookies \_ eaten \_ today = {[}'chocolate chip' , 'peanut butter' , ...: 'chocolate chip' , 'oatmeal cream' , 'chocolate chip'{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{types \_ of \_ cookies \_ eaten = set(cookies \_ eaten \_ today)} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Adding elements to a set:} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
.add() adds single elements & types \_ of \_ cookies \_ \seqsplit{eaten.add('biscotti')} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
.update() merges in another set or list & types \_ of \_ cookies \_ \seqsplit{eaten.update(cookies} \_ we\_will\_ eeat) \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Removing:} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
.discard() safely removes an element from the set by value & types \_ of \_ cookies \_ \seqsplit{eaten.discard('biscotti')} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Combining Sets:} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{.union() returns a set of all the unique values} \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{cookies \_jason \_ ate.union(cookies \_ hugo \_ ate)} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{.intersection() method identies overlapping data} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{cookies \_jason \_ ate.intersection(cookies \_ hugo \_ ate)} \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
.difference() method identies data present in the set on which the method was used that is not in the arguments ( - ) & cookies \_jason \_ \seqsplit{ate.difference(cookies} \_ hugo \_ ate) \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.64241 cm} x{3.33459 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lambda Functions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Syntax:} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{LambdaFunctionName} = & arguments : expression \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{DefineFunction} = & lambda (param1, paramn: param1 ** paramn) \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Using a Lamda Function inside another Function}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\# a function that always doubles the number you send in \newline def myfunc(n): \newline   return lambda a : a * n \newline  \newline mydoubler = myfunc(2) \newline  \newline print(mydoubler(11))} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Lambda with Map}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\# Create a list of strings: spells \newline spells = {[}"protego", "accio", "expecto patronum", "legilimens"{]} \newline  \newline \# Use map() to apply a lambda function over spells: shout\_spells \newline shout\_spells = map(lambda item: item + '!!!' , spells) \newline  \newline \# Convert shout\_spells to a list: shout\_spells\_list \newline shout\_spells\_list = list(shout\_spells) \newline  \newline \# Print the result \newline print(shout\_spells\_list)} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reduce}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\# Import reduce from functools \newline from functools import reduce \newline  \newline \# Create a list of strings: stark \newline stark = {[}'robb', 'sansa', 'arya', 'brandon', 'rickon'{]} \newline  \newline \# Use reduce() to apply a lambda function over stark: result \newline result = reduce(lambda item1, item2: item1 + item2, stark) \newline  \newline \# Print the result \newline print(result)} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Filter}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{nums = {[}1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10{]} \newline print("Original list of integers:") \newline print(nums) \newline print("\textbackslash{}Resuls less than 3 when divided by 2 from the said list:") \newline LessThan3 = list(filter(lambda x: x//2 \textless{} 3, nums)) \newline print(LessThan3)} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Iterating through DataFrame Columns}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\# Extract column from DataFrame: col \newline  col = df{[}col\_name{]} \newline          \newline \# Iterate over each column in DataFrame \newline for entry in col: \newline     action} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Iterating through DataFrames}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\# Define count\_entries() \newline def count\_entries(df, col\_name='lang'): \newline     """Return a dictionary with counts of \newline     occurrences as value for each key.""" \newline  \newline     \# Initialize an empty dictionary: cols\_count \newline     cols\_count = \{\} \newline  \newline     \# Add try block \newline     try : \newline         \# Extract column from DataFrame: col \newline         col = df{[}col\_name{]} \newline          \newline         \# Iterate over each column in DataFrame \newline         for entry in col: \newline      \newline             \# If entry is in cols\_count, add 1 \newline             if entry in cols\_count.keys(): \newline                 cols\_count{[}entry{]} += 1 \newline             \# Else add the entry to cols\_count, set the value to 1 \newline             else: \newline                 cols\_count{[}entry{]} = 1 \newline      \newline         \# Return the cols\_count dictionary \newline         return cols\_count \newline  \newline     \# Add except block \newline     except: \newline         pass \newline  \newline \# Call count\_entries(): result1 \newline result1 = \seqsplit{count\_entries(tweets\_df}, 'lang') \newline  \newline \# Print result1 \newline print(result1)} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{apply, applymap and map}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Apply: & Applymap: & Map: \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
to apply a function along the axis of a dataframe, & element wise operation across one or more rows and columns of a dataframe. & Substitutes the series value from the lookup dictionary, Series or a function \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
DFs and Series & Only Dataframes & Used only for a Series object \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Applied to both series and elements & Applied to elements individually & Applied to series \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Code Eamples of apply, applymap and map}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{df.apply(np.sum, axis=0) \newline -\textgreater{} col sums \newline  \newline df.apply(np.sum, axis=1) \newline -\textgreater{} row sums \newline  \newline  \newline df.applymap(lambda x: x**2) \newline -\textgreater{} Every df element squared \newline  \newline  \newline s = pd.Series({[}'cat', 'dog', np.nan, 'rabbit'{]}) \newline s.map(\{'cat': 'kitten', 'dog': 'puppy'\})} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}