\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{Datacademy.ai (Datacademy.ai)} \pdfinfo{ /Title (linux-commands-cheat-sheet.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (Datacademy.ai (Datacademy.ai)) /Subject (Linux commands- Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{720494} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F6EFF8} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Linux commands- Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Datacademy.ai (Datacademy.ai)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/174553/cs/36682/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Datacademy.ai (Datacademy.ai) \\ \uline{cheatography.com/datacademy-ai} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 24th January, 2023.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{3} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.14011 cm} x{2.83689 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Bash Commands}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} uname -a & Show system and kernel \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} head -n1 /etc/issue & Show distribution \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} date & Show system date \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} mount & Show mounted file systems \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} uptime & Show uptime \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} whoami & Show your username \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} man command & Show manual for command \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.69678 cm} x{4.28022 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Bash Shortcuts}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{CTRL-c} & Stop current command \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{CTRL-a} & Go to start of line \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{CTRL-e} & Go to end of line \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{CTRL-u} & Cut from start of line \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{CTRL-k} & Cut to end of line \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{CTRL-r} & Search history \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{CTRL-z} & Sleep program \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} !! & Repeat last command \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} !abc & Run last command starting with abc \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} !abc:p & Print last command starting with abc \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 2) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} !\$ & Last argument of previous command \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} ALT-. & Last argument of previous command \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} !* & All arguments of previous command \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Pipes}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd1 | cmd2 & stdout of cmd1 to cmd2 \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} cmd1 |\& cmd2 & stderr of cmd1 to cmd2 \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.34379 cm} x{3.63321 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Operations}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} touch file1 & Create file1 \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} cat file1 file2 & Concat-enate files and output \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} less file1 & View and paginate file1 \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} file file1 & Get type of file1 \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cp file1 file2 & Copy file1 to file2 \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} mv file1 file2 & Move file1 to file2 \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} rm file1 & Delete file1 \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} head file1 & Show first 10 lines of file1 \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} tail file1 & Show last 10 lines of file1 \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} tail -f file1 & Output last lines of file1 as it changes \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.14471 cm} x{3.83229 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Process Management}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ps & Show snapshot of processes \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} top & Show real time processes \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} kill pid & Kill process with id pid \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} pkill name & Kill process with name name \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} killall name & Kill all processes with names beginning name \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.39356 cm} x{3.58344 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{IO Redirection}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd \textless{} file & Input of cmd from file \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} cmd1 \textless{}(cmd2) & Output of cmd2 as file input to cmd1 \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd \textgreater{} file & Standard output (stdout) of cmd to file \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} cmd \textgreater{} /dev/null & Discard stdout of cmd \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd \textgreater{}\textgreater{} file & Append stdout to file \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} cmd 2\textgreater{} file & Error output (stderr) of cmd to file \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd 1\textgreater{}\&2 & stdout to same place as stderr \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} cmd 2\textgreater{}\&1 & stderr to same place as stdout \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 2) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd \&\textgreater{} file & Every output of cmd to file \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.79172 cm} x{3.18528 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Bash Variables}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} env & Show environment variables \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} echo \$NAME & Output value of \$NAME variable \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} export NAME=value & Set \$NAME to value \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \$PATH & Executable search path \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \$HOME & Home directory \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \$SHELL & Current shell \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.39356 cm} x{3.58344 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Directory Operations}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} pwd & Show current directory \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} mkdir dir & Make directory dir \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cd dir & Change directory to dir \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} cd .. & Go up a directory \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} ls & List files \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{1.04517 cm} x{3.93183 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Nano Shortcuts}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Files}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Ctrl-R & Read file \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Ctrl-O & Save file \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Ctrl-X & Close file \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Cut and Paste}}} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} ALT-A & Start marking text \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} CTRL-K & Cut marked text or line \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} CTRL-U & Paste text \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Navigate File} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} ALT-/ & End of file \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} CTRL-A & Beginning of line \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} CTRL-E & End of line \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} CTRL-C & Show line number \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} CTRL-\_ & Go to line number \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Search File}}} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 1) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} CTRL-W & Find \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File permissions}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} chmod 775 file & Change mode of file to 775 \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} chmod -R 600 folder & Recursively chmod folder to 600 \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} chown user:group file & Change file owner to user and group to group \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Permission Numbers}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Calculate permission digits by adding numbers below} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} 4 & read (r) \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} 2 & write (w) \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} 1 & execute (x) \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{ls Options}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -a & Show all (including hidden) \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} -R & Recursive list \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -r & Reverse order \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} -t & Sort by last modified \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -S & Sort by file size \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} -l & Long listing format \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -1 & One file per line \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} -m & Comma-separated output \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} -Q & Quoted output \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Search Files}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} grep pattern files & Search for pattern in files \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} grep -i & Case insensitive search \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} grep -r & Recursive search \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} grep -v & Inverted search \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} grep -o & Show matched part of file only \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} find /dir/ -name name* & Find files starting with name in dir \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} whereis command & Find binary / source / manual for command \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} locate file & Find file (quick search of system index) \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Command Lists}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd1 ; cmd2 & Run cmd1 then cmd2 \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} cmd1 \&\& cmd2 & Run cmd2 if cmd1 is successful \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} cmd1 || cmd2 & Run cmd2 if cmd1 is not successful \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} cmd \& & Run cmd in a subshell \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} find /dir/ -user name & Find files owned by name in dir \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} find /dir/ -mmin num & Find files modified less than num minutes ago in dir \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.19448 cm} x{3.78252 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Screen Shortcuts}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} screen & Start a screen session \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} screen -r & Resume a screen session \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} screen -list & Show your current screen sessions \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} CTRL-A & Activate commands for screen \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} CTRL-A c & Create a new instance of terminal \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} CTRL-A n & Go to the next instance of terminal \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} CTRL-A p & Go to the previous instance of terminal \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} CTRL-A " & Show current instances of terminals \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 2) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} CTRL-A A & Rename the current instance \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}