\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{corisco}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (file-handling-in-python.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (corisco)
  /Subject (file handling in python Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
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\addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm}
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\setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
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\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{F07A2B}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{FEF6F1}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{file handling in python Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{corisco} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/167022/cs/35648/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}corisco \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/corisco} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 7th December, 2022.\\
   Updated 7th December, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.04 cm} x{4.96 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{open()}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{open()}} & ("filename","mode",enconding="UTF-8") \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{modes}}} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
"r" - Read (default) & opens a file for reading, error if doesn´t exist \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
"a" - Append & opens a file for appending, creates the file if doesn´t exist \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
"w' - Write & opens a file for writing, creates the file if doesn´t exist \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
"x" - Create & creates the specified file, error if the file exists \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
"t" - Text (default) & Text mode \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
"b" - Binary & Binary mode \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
"+" - Read and Write mode & opens a file to read or write \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Examples}} & "r+" "a+b" "w+b" \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.68 cm} x{4.32 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{read()}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{read()}} & open() must have a read() method before. \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{file.read()} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
file.read(5) & reads the first 5 characters \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{readline()}}} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
file.readline() & returns one line of the file \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
file.readline(5) & reads the fist 5 characters of the line \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
file.readline()  / file.readline() & calling readline two times, reads the two first lines \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 3)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{readlines()}} & returns a list, each item is a line as a string \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{for line in file}} & loops through the chars or lines of the file \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {\emph{use .strip() to remove "\textbackslash{}n"}} \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.72 cm} x{5.28 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{write()}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{write()}} & open method "a" will append to end of file \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
 & open method "w" will overwrite the entire file \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{file.write("text")} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{create a new file}} & open method "x" will create a file, error if it exists \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & open method "a" will create a file if doesn´t exist \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & open method "w" will create a file if doesn´t exist \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{writelines()}} & turns iterable object(lists,tuples,dict...) into lines in the file \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.76 cm} x{4.24 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{pointers}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{seek(offset,whence=0))}} & changes the file position \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
file.seek(4) & change the pointer to the 4 file position \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{[}whence={]} is optional, 0 is default & 0=start of file, 1=current position, 2= file´s end \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{tell()}} & finds the file position \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
file.tell() & returns the file position \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.08 cm} x{5.92 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{close()}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{close()}} & always close the file when done \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{file.close()} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Modules}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
import os & OS module \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{os.rename("oldname.txt", "new\_name.txt")} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{os.remove("file.txt")} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{os.path.exists("file.txt")} or os.path.isfile() & returns True or False \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{os.path.getsize("file.txt")} & return \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{os.path.getmtime("file.txt")} & returns a timestamp \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{os.path.abspath("file.txt")} & returns Absolute Path \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
os.getcwd & show current working directory \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
os.mkdir("new\_dir") & create new directory in the current dir \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
os.chdr("dir") & change working directory \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
os.rmdir("dir") & removes empty directory / error if there is files in it \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 3)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
os.listdir & return a list of files e subdirectories in the dir \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{os.path.isdir} \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{os.path.join} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
import datetime & Datetime Module \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{datetime.date} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
os.path module docs & \seqsplit{https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.path.html} \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Modules (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
os module docs & \seqsplit{https://docs.python.org/3/library/os.html} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{white}
datetime module docs & \seqsplit{https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}