\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{cl0ver69} \pdfinfo{ /Title (politics-of-development.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (cl0ver69) /Subject (Politics of Development Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{F0CD22} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{FEFBF1} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Politics of Development Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{cl0ver69} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/144369/cs/30985/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}cl0ver69 \\ \uline{cheatography.com/cl0ver69} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Published 2nd March, 2022.\\ Updated 2nd March, 2022.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{2} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.48 cm} x{5.52 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Politics of Development}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Development & A political process creating winners and losers while requiring cooperation among powerful competing interests and coalitions. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Economic geography & The geographic distribution of economic activities such as production and employment \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Employment & The most politically relevant aspect of economic geography \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & Opportunities are often distributed unevenly across space; both within and across countries. \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 4) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Inequalities exist in the opportunities for and remuneration of workers with different skill sets. \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Political Context in Development}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Its coverage is {\bf{extraordinarily broad}} and in key ways {\bf{binding}} & Much of daily life and opportunity is determined by the political context via its structures, policies, and operations. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} & It includes governmental systems and structures and their responsibilities in providing key services \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 5) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Provides {\bf{impetus, motive, and opportunity for individuals to actively engage in the context}} & Much of who we feel we are is reflected in the systems and practices of our governing; and if it is not, we often engage through various forms of activism to assure that it is. \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 9) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} The values that the political structures and actors endorse and enact & The currency of the political context is {\bf{control or regulation}} of access, opportunity, freedoms, rights, self-determination, and self-expression. \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 8) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & The way governing bodies approach this control has unavoidable and often determinative impact on the day to day wellbeing of individuals. \tn % Row Count 35 (+ 7) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.52 cm} x{4.48 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Political Factors and Development}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Regime Type & A form or system of government; refers to the norms and rules regarding individual freedom and collective equality. Influences the policies that affect personal and public economic development. \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 9) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Political \seqsplit{Stability/Instability} & Refers to the reliability and durability of a government's structures. {\bf{The more stable a political system is, the less risk a business operating in that country will face.}} \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 8) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Nations where there is a high risk of terrorism or internal conflicts are less stable. Less stable systems are less likely to see an increase in economic development because they are risky to operate in. \tn % Row Count 27 (+ 10) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Political Management & Governments need to do lots of things to encourage development—they need to build and maintain infrastructure, and raise and spend finance wisely, on the right projects. \tn % Row Count 35 (+ 8) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.52 cm} x{4.48 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Political Factors and Development (cont)}} \tn % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Level of Corruption & Identifies the level of dishonest, unethical, and illegal practices that are imposed on people and business operating in a region. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & Corruption can include bribing politicians, local companies for materials, or paying to prevent compet itors from entering the market; causing a monopoly that makes services overly expensive. \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 9) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Trade Laws & These are local and international policies that impact the importation or exportation of goods. \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Rostow's (1962) Five Stages of Growth}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{STAGE 1: Traditional Societies}} & Economies are dominated by subsistence farming. \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} & Societies have little wealth to invest and {\bf{limited access}} to modern industry and technology. \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 5) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Contains cultural barriers to development \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{STAGE 2: The Preconditions for Take Off}} & Western aid packages brings western values, practices and expertise into the society. \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 5) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Forms of Western Aid Packages & {\bf{Science and Technology;}} to improve agriculture. \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 3) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & {\bf{Infrastructure;}} improving roads and cities \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 3) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & {\bf{Industry;}} western companies establishing factories \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 3) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{STAGE 3: Take Off}} & Society experiences economic growth as new modern practices become the norm. \tn % Row Count 29 (+ 4) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Profits are reinvested in infrastructures and new entrepreneurial class emerges and urbanized that is willing to invest further and take risks \tn % Row Count 37 (+ 8) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Rostow's (1962) Five Stages of Growth (cont)}} \tn % Row 9 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Begins to export goods. \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{STAGE 4: The Drive to Maturity}} & More economic growth and investment in education, media, and birth control. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 4) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & The population start to realize new opportunities opening up and strive to make the most of their lives. \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 6) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{STAGE 5: The Age of High Mass Consumption}} & Economic growth and production are at Western level of development. \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Historical Development}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Primitive Society & Earliest and historically numerous of economic systems which tradition serves as the {\bf{central means of bestowing order.}} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 7) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} The Creation of a Central Apparatus of Command and Rulership & Origin of the second of the great systems of social coordination; from ancient clusters of population impressive civilizations emerged in Egypt, China, and India during the 3rd millennium BCE, {\bf{bringing with them dazzling advances in culture and potent instrument of state power as a new moving force in history.}} \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 16) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} European Colonial & Spanish Colonies; characterized by sizeable indigenous populations and large reserves of gold and silver, {\bf{forced labor was instituted.}} \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 7) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Historical Development (cont)}} \tn % Row 3 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Use of slavery and forced labor resulted in {\bf{economic and political inequality}}, which inhibited long-term economic development. \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 7) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.28 cm} x{4.72 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Development and Health}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Health & The absence of illnesses \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} & The ability of people to develop to their potential during their entire lives. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & An asset individuals possess, which has intrinsic value—{\emph{being healthy is a very important source of wellbeing}} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} Instrumental Terms of Health & Impacts economic growth. It reduces production losses due to worker illness. \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 4) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Increases the productivity of adult as a result of better nutrition \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 3) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & Lowers absenteeism rates and improves learning among school children. \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 3) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Health and Economic Growth & Affects it directly through {\bf{labor productivity and the economic burden of illnesses.}} \tn % Row Count 25 (+ 4) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} & Impacts indirectly since aspects such as child health affect {\bf{the future income of people through the impact of health has on education.}} \tn % Row Count 32 (+ 7) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Theories of Development}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Origin}} & Stimulated by the situation in the mid 20th century when decolonization occurred and the economic disparity between European and underdevelopment nations became obvious. \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 9) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Modernization Theory}} & A systematic process to move underdeveloped countries to a more sophisticated level of development. \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 5) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Explains inequality within or between states by identifying different values, systems, and ideas. \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & Stresses the importance of political development in the progress and climactic improvement of nations' economic standing and acknowledges social and cultural reforms \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 9) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Emergence of Modernization Theory}} & The freedom of the Third World countries from colonization and the strategies employed during the Cold War by Western countries in order to prevent these countries from being controlled by communists. \tn % Row Count 38 (+ 10) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Theories of Development (cont)}} \tn % Row 5 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Have a higher capacity to deal with the function of {\bf{national identity, legitimacy, penetration, participation, and distribution.}} \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 7) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Dependence Theory}} & Approach to understanding economic underdevelopment; Emphasizes the presumed constraints imposed by the global political and economic order. \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 7) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Underdevelopment is mainly caused by the peripheral position of affected countries in the world economy \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 6) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{white} & {\bf{The system of capitalistic world causes labor upheaval that damages domestic economies of underdeveloped countries.}} It diminishes the economic growth rate and ends in the increased inequality of income thus creating a gap between major and minor countries. \tn % Row Count 33 (+ 13) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Theories of Development (cont)}} \tn % Row 9 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Origin of Dependence Theory}} & First proposed in the late 1950s by the Argentine economist and statesman {\bf{Raul Prebisch}}, and gained prominence in the 60s and 70s. \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 7) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{World Systems Theory}} & Deals with different forms of capitalism world- wide; takes a world- centric view and focuses on the relationship between countries. \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 7) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Explains inequality by identifying different cultures and the role of the state in international connections. \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 6) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Wallerstein's (1979) World Systems Theory}} & WST is a {\bf{multiple cultural system with a division of labor.}} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 4) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Poor labor in which different divisions are areas are {\bf{dependent upon each other in exchanging the provisions of those areas.}} \tn % Row Count 31 (+ 7) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Theories of Development (cont)}} \tn % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Globalization Theory}} & Uses a global mechanism of greater integration with particular emphasis on the sphere of economic transactions. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} & {\bf{A US and Europe -centric positive model of development}} whose feature is the {\bf{spread of capitalism around the globe.}} \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 7) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Focus of Globalization Theory}} & Communications and international ties; these are directed at cultural and economic factors in communication systems. \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 6) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Globalization: Factors in Global Connection}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Culture}} & Cultural element that stresses the social and economic situation of the nation \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Communication}} & Progress of technology and communication has opened up opportunities for local businesses allowing all kinds of economic relations \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 7) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Unity}} & Development of sophisticated systems of communication and globalized technologies thus making nations unified. \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 6) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & Can have 2 viewpoints of the outcomes of being unified: {\bf{external conditions and outward system}} and the {\bf{internal or domestic situation of every country within.}} \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 9) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Internal or domestic situation of every country within & The units of analysis lead to the country's variables of economic growth or social indicators. \tn % Row Count 31 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.2 cm} x{4.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Modernization: Types of Assistance}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Education}} (Hoselitz) & It speeds up the introduction of Western values such as {\bf{universalism, individualism, competition, and achievement}} measured by examinations. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 6) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Media}} (Inkeles) & Important to diffuse ideas; non-traditional such as family planning and democracy. \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Urbanization}} (Hoselitz) & The theory is that if populations are packed more closely together, new ideas are more likely to spread than amongst diffuse rural populations. \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 6) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.64 cm} x{5.36 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Slavery}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Slavery & A condition in which {\bf{one human being was owned by another.}} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} & A form of dependent labor performed by a non-family member. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Slave & Considered by law as property or chattel. \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & Deprived of most of the rights ordinarily held by free persons. \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Generation of Slaves & Captures in war, either by design, as a form of incentive to warriors, as an accidental by-product or as a way of disposing of enemy troops or civilians. \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 6) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} Basic Types & {\bf{Household}} (patriarchal or domestic slavery), {\bf{Temple}} (state and military slavery) \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.8 cm} x{5.2 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Colonization and Development}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Colonialism & It is more than the plundering of a military and economically weaker culture by a more powerful nation. \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} & Often resulted in severe demographic crises. \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} History of Colonialism & Plays a pivotal role in determining a nation's disposition toward economic and social change. \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 4) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & Countries are {\emph{not necessarily}} condemned mechanistically to repeat the processes and behavioral patterns established in the past. \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 5) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Health and State of Development}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{The relationship between the health of a population and the state of development of a society is complex and varies over time.} \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Improved Health & One of the main benefits of development. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & Results partly from an {\bf{increase in income}} and partly from {\bf{scientific progress in the fight against disease and disability.}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Health can be {\bf{considered part of a society's capital stock}}, as long as the essential differ ences between this type of capital and physical capital are recognized.} \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}