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% Document Info
\author{cicihex}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (stats-formula-sheet.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (cicihex)
  /Subject (stats formula sheet Cheat Sheet)
}

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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{stats formula sheet Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{cicihex} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/197422/cs/41607/}}}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}cicihex \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/cicihex} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
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  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 11th December, 2023.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Basic Terms}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{parameter}} & fixed value describing population; usually unknown \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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{\bf{statistic}} & value calculated from sample; used to estimate parameter \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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{\bf{descriptive stats}} & - collecting, summarizing, describing data  \{\{nl\}\} - graphical/numerical \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
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{\bf{inferential stats}} & - drawing conclusions/making predictions about pop based on sample \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
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discrete & num & whole number \tn 
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 & {\bf{symmetric}} & {\bf{skewed}} \tn 
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{\bf{measure of center}} & mean & median \tn 
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{\bf{measure of spread}} & SD & IQR \tn 
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the approx confidence interval for pop mean μ is \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
x̅±z*(σ/√n) \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
z*=zα/2 is upper critical value \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 1)
2. pop normal; σ UNknown ⇒ t-distribution \newline % Row Count 6 (+ 1)
T≡ (X̅-μ)/(S/√n) \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
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3. test statistic and its distribution \newline % Row Count 7 (+ 1)
4. compute p-value \newline % Row Count 8 (+ 1)
    - confirm level of sig given in advance \newline % Row Count 9 (+ 1)
5. conclusion interpretation% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{3. test statistic}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{5. conclusion}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 0 (+ 0)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{hypothesis test}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{or significance testing} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{test an assumption regarding pop. parameter} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{method used depends on kind of data and reason} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{asses plausibility of hypothesis using sample data} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{hypothesis testing terms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{hypothesis}} & a claim or statement about a characteristic of a population of interest \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{null hypothesis}} & statement about the value of a population parameter, such as the population mean (µ) or the population proportion (p) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 5)
% Row 2
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{\bf{alt hypothesis}} & claim to be tested, the opposite of the null hypothesis \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{test statistic}} & value computed from the sample data that is used in making a decision about the rejection of the null hypothesis; converts the sample mean (x̄) or sample proportion (p̂) to a Z- or t-score under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true; \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 10)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{p-value}} & area under the curve to the left or right of test statistic; compared to level of significance (α) \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 4)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{critical value}}} \tn 
% Row Count 26 (+ 1)
% Row 6
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{significance level}}} \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 1)
% Row 7
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{statistical significance}}} \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 1)
% Row 8
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{practical significance}}} \tn 
% Row Count 29 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{effect size}} & degree of a relationship between two given variables \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 2)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
\columnbreak
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{hypothesis testing terms (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 10
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{standardized effect size}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 11
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{one sided}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 12
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{\bf{two sided}} & tests whether the population parameter is equal to, versus not equal to, some specific value \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}