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% Document Info
\author{Carm (Carmilaa)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (oral-microbial-ecology.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Carm (Carmilaa))
  /Subject (Oral Microbial Ecology Cheat Sheet)
}

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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Oral Microbial Ecology Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Carm (Carmilaa)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/49544/cs/17013/}}}
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\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Carm (Carmilaa) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/carmilaa} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 10th September, 2018.\\
   Updated 10th September, 2018.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\begin{document}
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Oral Ecosystem:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Specific microbial species demonstrating tropism for specific tissues} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{- Microbial interaction with each other as well as with the oral environment} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Formation of an Ecosystem:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Indigenous Microbiota:}} & Most numerous, Compatible with host \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Supplemental Microbiota:}} & Potentially pathogenic, Can become invasive \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Transient Microbiota:}} & Don't have mechanisms for persisting in the host \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.63781 cm} x{2.33919 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Oral Ecosystems:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Buccal epithelium:}} & Gram-positive cocci \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Lingual epithelium:}} & Gram-positive filaments \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Supragingival tooth surface:}} & Faculative G+ rods and cocci \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Subgingival tooth surface:}} & Anaerobic G- rods and cocci \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Microenvironments:}}}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Supragingival:}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
-Bathed in saliva \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
-Faculatively anaerobic  \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
-Increased mechanical disruption (swallowing, abrasion)% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Subgingival:}} \newline  \newline -Bathed in crevicular fluid \newline -Anaerobic \newline -Reduced mechanical disruption (anatomy of gingival sulcus)}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Environmental Factors:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
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{\bf{Oxygen tension:}} & pO2, partial pressure of oxygen, mmHg \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Redox Potential:}} & Eh, tendency to acquire electrons and thus be reduced, mV \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{pH:}} & controlled by exogenous materials carbohydrate fermentation buffering capacity of plaque and saliva \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Temperature:}} & variations \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Availability of Nutrients:}} & carbohydrates, amino acids (salivary glycoproteins), hemin (plasma) \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Host Fluids:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Antagonists}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Synergistic:}} & Nutrients from saliva and GCF \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{sIgA:}} & Interferes with colonisation \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Glycoproteins:}} & Aggregation and removal \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Lactoperoxidase:}} & Inactivation of glycolytic enzymes - death \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Lactoferrin:}} & Binds iron limiting bacterial growth \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Lysozyme:}} & Degrades bacterial peptidoglycan \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Host Susceptibility:}} \newline - Geographic location \newline - Ethnicity and culture \newline - Diet \newline - Health and social status}  \tn 
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Microbial Factors:}}}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Adherence:}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- Contact: proximity \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
- Dose: quantity of bacteria \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
- Frequency of exposure (eg newborns) \newline % Row Count 4 (+ 1)
- Absorption: initial reversible association with oral tissues% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Retention:}} \newline - Ability to accumulate at entry site \newline - Adaption \newline - Resist host defenses \newline - Competition from other species  \newline - Changing environments}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Co-Aggregation:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Different species, or different strains of a single species, have distinct sets of coaggregation partners}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Streptococcus spp. and Actinomyces spp., two of initial colonizing general on enamel surfaces} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 5)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Fusobacbacteria coaggregate w/ other human oral bacteria} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}Veillonella spp., Capnocytophaga spp. bind to streptococci/ actinomyces} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Each coaggregation is mediated by one or more complementary sets of adhesin-receptor pairs}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Coaggregation:}}}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/carmilaa_1536604761_OE1.PNG}}} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{CoAggregation Competition:}} \newline - Competition occurs when multiple cell types recognize the same coggregation indicator mediator on the common coaggregation partner}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{{\bf{Ecological Succession:}}}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Process by whereby a {\bf{microbial population undergoes a continuous series of changes in composition as different species colonise and become established at the expense of others.}}} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{As conditions change, the {\bf{dominant m/o's will either adapt and be retained or will be superseded by a new species better equipped to survive the altered environment.}}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}