\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{bubblysoul} \pdfinfo{ /Title (alkenes.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (bubblysoul) /Subject (Alkenes Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{D1CFE8} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F3F3F9} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Alkenes Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{bubblysoul} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/146556/cs/31722/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}bubblysoul \\ \uline{cheatography.com/bubblysoul} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 22nd April, 2022.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{2} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Synthesis : dehydration of alcohols}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{(removal of -OH group and H atom)} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Catalyst}} & conc. H₂SO₄ / H₃PO₄ \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Condition}} & heat / 170°C / 180°C \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Mechanism}} & Elimination reaction \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₃CH₂OH → CH₂=CH₂ + H₂O \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & (every product must be shown) \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{follow Zaitsev rule \newline major product : alkene where doubly bonded carbon have {\bf{greatest number of alkyl groups}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.96 cm} x{5.04 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Addition of hydrogen halides}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Reagent}} & HCl / HBr / HI \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Mechanism}} & Electrophilic addition \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₃-CH=CH₂ + HBr → CH₃-CHBr-CH₃ \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} & (every product must be shown) \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Condition}} & room temperature \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\emph{add hydrogen peroxide}} & anti-Markovnikov rule \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{follow Markovnikov's rule \newline major product : halo group attach to doubly bonded carbon with {\bf{least number of H atoms}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Dehydration of alcohols}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650642407_Screenshot 2022-04-22 at 11.46.05 PM.png}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oxidation / Baeyer test w/ KMnO₄}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650643196_Screenshot 2022-04-13 at 6.13.53 PM.png}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Halogenation}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650643117_Screenshot 2022-04-13 at 5.48.14 PM.png}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hydration}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650642969_IMG_1FA78060D0F0-1.jpeg}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hydration}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650642967_IMG_1FA78060D0F0-1.jpeg}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Addition of hydrogen halides}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650642859_IMG_701AEA8F6E5C-1.jpeg}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.88 cm} x{5.12 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Polymerisation}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{n number of monomer join to form polymer\{\{ac\}\}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Catalyst}} & Ziegler \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Equation}} & alkene → polyalkene \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2 cm} x{6 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hydration}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Reagent}} & H₂O \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Condition}} & 250°C \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Catalyst}} & dilute H₂SO₄ \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₃CH=CCH₃-CH₃ + H₂O → \seqsplit{CH₃CH₂C(OH)(CH₃)-CH₃} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & (every product must be shown) \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\emph{produce electrophile H₃O⁺}}} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{follow Markovnikov's rule \newline major product : OH group attach to doubly bonded carbon with least number of H atoms} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2 cm} x{6 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Synthesis : dehydrohalogenation}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{(removal of H atom and one halo group)} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Reagent}} & NaOH / KOH \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Condition}} & ethanol (as solvent), reflux \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₃CHCl-CH₂CH₃ + NaOH → CH₂=CHCH₂CH₃ + H₂O \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & (every product must be shown) \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{follow Zaitsev rule \newline major product : alkene where doubly bonded carbon have {\bf{greatest number of alkyl groups}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.24 cm} x{5.76 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Halogenation}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Reagent}} & Cl₂ / Br₂ \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Catalyst}} & CCl₄ / CH₂Cl₂ \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Mechanism}} & Electrophilic addition \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₂=CH₂ + Br₂ → CH₂BrCH₂Br \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Observation}} & brown colour of bromine disappears \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} & green colour of chlorine disappears \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.24 cm} x{5.76 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hydrogenation}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Reagent}} & H₂ \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Catalyst}} & Ni / Pt / Pd \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Condition}} & heat / 200°C \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₂=CH₂ + H₂ → CH₃CH₃ \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2 cm} x{6 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oxidation / Baeyer test}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Step 1\{\{ac\}\}}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Reagent}} & O₂ \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Catalyst}} & silver \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Condition}} & 450 K \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₂=CH₂ → C₂H₄O (epoxyethane) \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{nl\}\}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Step 2\{\{ac\}\}}}} \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Equation}} & C₂H₄O (epoxyethane) → CH₂(OH)-CH₂(OH) \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 2) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Reagent}} & H₂O \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 2) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Catalyst}} & dilute H₂SO₄ \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 2) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Condition}} & 60°C \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Dehydrohalogenation}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650642704_IMG_67B45FB5F958-1.jpeg}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{2.16 cm} x{5.84 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oxidation / Baeyer test}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Reagent}} & KMnO₄ \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Condition}} & cold condition, basic medium \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} {\bf{Equation}} & CH₂=CHCH₃ + KMnO₄ → CH₂(OH)-CH(OH)CH₃ \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} {\bf{Observation}} & purple colour of KMnO4 disappears \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} & brown colour precipitate formed \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Oxidation / Baeyer test w/ silver catalyst}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650643051_Screenshot 2022-04-13 at 6.19.27 PM.png}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Polymerisation}} \tn \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{8.4cm}}{\vspace{1px}\centerline{\includegraphics[width=5.1cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/uploads/bubblysoul_1650643080_Screenshot 2022-04-13 at 6.29.19 PM.png}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}