\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

% Packages
\usepackage{fancyhdr}           % For header and footer
\usepackage{multicol}           % Allows multicols in tables
\usepackage{tabularx}           % Intelligent column widths
\usepackage{tabulary}           % Used in header and footer
\usepackage{hhline}             % Border under tables
\usepackage{graphicx}           % For images
\usepackage{xcolor}             % For hex colours
%\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}    % For unicode character support
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % Without this we get weird character replacements
\usepackage{colortbl}           % For coloured tables
\usepackage{setspace}           % For line height
\usepackage{lastpage}           % Needed for total page number
\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{Mary F. Smith (boogie)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (linux-file-management.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Mary F. Smith (boogie))
  /Subject (Linux File Management Cheat Sheet)
}

% Lengths and widths
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\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line
\renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit
% This two commands together give roughly
% the right line height in the tables
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\onehalfspacing

% Commands
\newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour
\newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols
\newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use

% Font and Colours
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\definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666}
\definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333}
\definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{0740A3}
\definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{EFF3F9}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\color{TextColor}

% Header and Footer
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead{} % Set header to blank
\fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank
\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
\end{tabulary}
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Linux File Management Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Mary F. Smith (boogie)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/86236/cs/46343/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Mary F. Smith (boogie) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/boogie} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 16th May, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
  \SetRowColor{white}
  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
\raggedright
\raggedcolumns

% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{2}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.92 cm} x{4.08 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Basic File Management}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{cp file name {[}-r creates destination{]}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
mv Linux Command Cheatsheet to Linux & | is also for renaming \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
add -i, -n or -v & | ask first, no overwrite, show result \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
cat filename & | opens the file to read \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
less & | breaks results down into pages \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{mkdir\textbackslash{}rm directory} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{rm} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{cd} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
touch & | creates a new file \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} x{7.2 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Listing Files}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-h & | human readable \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
-d & | lists the details \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-R & | recursive {[}all sub-directories{]} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
-s & | sorts by name \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
-t & | sorts by time \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.04 cm} x{4.96 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Working with File Permissions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
chmod 777 {[}name of file{]} & | assign read, write \& execute to all users \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
chmod 755 {[}name of file{]} & | read, write \& execute for owner - read \& execute for all other users \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
chmod 766 {[}name of file{]} & | full permission to owner - read and write to others \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 0)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
chown & | change ownership \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
 & {[}OPTIONS{]} {[}OWNER{]} FILE \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{1.12 cm} x{6.88 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Compression}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
gzip & | common compression tool \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{gunzip} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Archiving}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{tar –cvf mybackups/udev.tar /etc/udev} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{-c option tells the tar command to create a tar file.  \newline -v option stands for "verbose", which instructs the tar command to demonstrate what it is doing.  \newline -f option is used to specify the name of the tar file.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Review Archive Contents}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{tar –tvf mybackups/udev.tar} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4.48 cm} x{3.52 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Create a Compressed Archive}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
tar –zcvf mybackups/udev.tar.gz /etc/udev & | create an archive \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
tar –xvf udev.tar.gz & | extract an archive \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
tar -rvf udev.tar /etc/hosts & | add a file to existing archive \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{1.14 cm} x{1.824 cm} x{4.636 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File type descriptors}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Symbol}} & {\bf{File Type}} & {\bf{Description}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
d & | \seqsplit{directory} & | A file used to store other files. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & | regular file & | Includes readable files, images files, binary files, and compressed files. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
l & | symbolic link & | Points to another file. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
s & | socket & | Allows for communication between processes. \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
p & | pipe & | Allows for communication between processes. \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
b & | block file & | Used to communicate with hardware. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
c & | \seqsplit{character} file & | Used to communicate with hardware. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Type}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{-  rw-r-{}-r-{}- 1 root   root  15322 Dec 10 21:33 alternatives.log} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{d}}  rwxr-xr-x 1 root   root   4096 Jul 19 06:52 apt} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Permissions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{d {\bf{rwxr-xr-x}}  2 root   root   4096 Jul 19 06:51 journal} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hard Link Count}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{-rw-r-{}-{}-{}-- {\bf{1}} syslog adm     371 Dec 15 16:38 auth.log} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{drwxr-xr-x {\bf{2}} root   root   4096 Jul 19 06:51 journal} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{User Owner}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{-rw-r-{}-{}-{}-- 1 {\bf{syslog adm}}     197 Dec 15 16:38 cron.log} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Group Owner}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{-rw-rw-r-{}- 1 root  {\bf{utmp}}  292584 Dec 15 16:38 lastlog} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Timestamp}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{-rw-rw-{}-{}-{}- 1 root   utmp      0 {\bf{May 26  2018}} btmp} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Size}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{-rw-r-{}-{}-{}-- 1 syslog adm   {\bf{14185}} Dec 15 16:38 syslog} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Displays the size of the file in bytes.}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{File Name}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{-rw-r-{}-r-{}- 1 root   root  35330 May 26  2018 {\bf{bootstrap.log}}} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{In the case of symbolic links, the link name is displayed along with an arrow and the pathname of the original file. \newline  \newline lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 22 Nov 6 2018 /etc/grub.conf -\textgreater{} ../boot/grub/grub.conf}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}