\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{bijomaru78} \pdfinfo{ /Title (ccna-reference-and-commands.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (bijomaru78) /Subject (CCNA Reference and Commands Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{0A168A} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{F7F7FB} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{CCNA Reference and Commands Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{bijomaru78} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/123591/cs/23330/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}bijomaru78 \\ \uline{cheatography.com/bijomaru78} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 17th June, 2020.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{multicols*}{2} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{1. Welcome}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{Welcome text% Row Count 1 (+ 1) } \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{X} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{2. How to Set Up a Lab}} \tn \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{1}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{3. Host to Host Communications}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{4. The Cisco IOS Operating System}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{5. OSI Layer 4 - The Transport Layer}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{6. OSI Layer 3 - The Network Layer}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.2 cm} x{4.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{7. IP Address Classes}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Class A addresses}}\{\{nl\}\}assigned to networks with a very large number of hosts} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} Class A & 1.0.0.0 - 126.0.0.0 /8 \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Reserved Class A Addresses & 0.0.0.0/8 is reserved and signifies 'this network'\{\{nl\}\}0.0.0.1 to 0.255.255.255 are not valid host addresses \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 5) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} ~ & 127.0.0.0/8 is the loopback address for the local computer\{\{nl\}\}127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.255 are not valid host addresses \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 6) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Class B addresses}}\{\{nl\}\}assigned to medium-sized to large-sized networks} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} Class B & 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.0.0 /16 \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 2) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Class C addresses}}\{\{nl\}\}used for small networks} \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 2) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} Class C & 192.0.0.0 - 233.255.255.0 /24 \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 2) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Class D addresses}}\{\{nl\}\}reserved for IP multicast addresses**} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 2) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} Class D & 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 2) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Class E addresses}}\{\{nl\}\}'experimental and reserved for future use'**} \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 2) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} Class E & 240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255 \tn % Row Count 30 (+ 2) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{3.2 cm} x{4.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{7. IP Address Classes (cont)}} \tn % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Reserved Class E Addresses & 255.255.255.255 is the broadcast address for 'this network' \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{bt\}\}\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{Private Addresses}}\{\{nl\}\}assigned to hosts but not routable on the public internet} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Class A\{\{nl\}\}10.0.0.0/8 & 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} Class B\{\{nl\}{]}172.16.0.0/16 & 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 2) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Class C\{\{nl\}\}192.168.0.0/16 & 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{8. Subnetting}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{fa-chevron-right\}\} \{\{ac\}\}{\bf{CIDR - Classless Inter-Domain Routing}} \{\{fa-chevron-left\}\}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Removes the fixed /8, /16 and /24 address classes and allows them to be split or {\emph{'subnetted'}} into smaller networks} \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{For example: 175.10.10.0/20} \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \{\{ac\}\}\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Number of available subnets}} & \{\{ac\}\}\{\{bt\}\}2\textasciicircum{}subnet-bits\textasciicircum{} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Example for Class C: network uses /28 subnet & We've borrowed 4 bits from the default Class C /24 subnet\{\{nl\}\}2\textasciicircum{}4\textasciicircum{}=16 available subnets \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 5) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} Example for Class B: network uses /28 subnet & We've borrowed 12 bits from the default Class B /16 subnet\{\{nl\}\}2\textasciicircum{}12\textasciicircum{}=4096 available subnets \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 5) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \{\{ac\}\}\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{Number of available hosts}} & \{\{ac\}\}\{\{bt\}\}2\textasciicircum{}host-bits\textasciicircum{}-2 \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 3) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{ac\}\}{\emph{Substract 2 for network and broadcast addresses}}} \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 2) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} Example for Class C: network uses /28 subnet & We have 4 bits left for hosts\{\{nl\}\}2\textasciicircum{}4\textasciicircum{}-2=14 available hosts per subnet \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 4) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} Example for Class B: network uses /20 subnet & We have 12 bits left for hosts\{\{nl\}\}2\textasciicircum{}12\textasciicircum{}-2=4094 available hosts per subnet \tn % Row Count 32 (+ 4) \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4 cm} x{4 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{8. Subnetting (cont)}} \tn % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{fa-chevron-right\}\} \{\{ac\}\}\{\{bt\}\}{\bf{VLSM - Variable Length Subnet Masks}} \{\{fa-chevron-left\}\}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{Allows using subnets of different sizes in the same network} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{9. OSI Layer 2 - The Data-Link Layer}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{**Operates on MAC address and ARP tables} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{10. OSI Layer 1 - The Physical Layer}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{11. Cisco Device Functions}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{12. The Life of a Packet}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{13. The Cisco Troubleshooting Methodology}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{14. Cisco Router and Switch Basics}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{15. Cisco Device Management}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{16. Routing Fundamentals}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{17. Dynamic Routing Protocols}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{18. Connectivity Troubleshooting}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{19. IGP - Interior Gateway Protocol Fundamentals}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{20. OSPF - Open Shortest Path First}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{21. VLANs - VIrtual Local Area Networks}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{22. Inter-VLAN Routing}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{23. DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{x{4.96 cm} x{3.04 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{24. HSRP - Hot Standby Router Protocol}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} R1(config-if)\# standby 1 ip 10.10.10.1 & Add Virtual IP Address \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} R1\# show standby & Show HSRP configuration \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} R1(config-if)\# standby 1 priority 110 & Set Priority \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} R1(config-if)\# standby 1 preempt & Set Preemption \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{If no priority and no preemption is set, the router with the highest interface IP will be used as default}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{25. STP - Spanning Tree Protocol}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\emph{R1(config)\#}}text} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{{\bf{Layer 2 Ethernet path selection is controlled by the switch's MAC address table}}} \tn \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{26. EtherChannel}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{27. Switch Security}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{28. ACLs - Access Control Lists}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{29. NAT - Network Address Translation}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{NAT was implemented as a temporary workaround to mitigate the lack of IPv4 addresses}}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{30. IPv6}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\{\{ac\}\}{\bf{IPv6 uses a 128bit address, compared to IPv4's 32 bit address}}} \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{31. WAN - Wide Area Networks}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{32. The Security Threat Landscape}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{33. Cisco Device Security}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{34. Network Device Management}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{35. QoS - Quality of Service}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{36. Cloud Computing}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{37. Wireless Networking Fundamentals}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{8.4cm}{p{0.8 cm} p{0.8 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{38. Network Automation and Programmability}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{8.4cm}}{} \tn % Row Count 0 (+ 0) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} % That's all folks \end{multicols*} \end{document}