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\author{Bendash13 (Bendash13)}
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  /Title (nz-contract-law.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Bendash13 (Bendash13))
  /Subject (NZ Contract law Cheat Sheet)
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{NZ Contract law Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Bendash13 (Bendash13)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/24992/cs/43490/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Bendash13 (Bendash13) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/bendash13} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 30th May, 2024.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
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\begin{document}
\raggedright
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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.89126 cm} x{3.08574 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Offer}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Smith v Hughes & Terms = RPT in O'ees shoes \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
OT Africa Lines v Vickers & Mistake invalid if O'ee knew or ought to \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Harvey v Facey & Lowest price ≠ O \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Grainger & Price list not offer \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Boots Cash Chemist & Sale occurs at counter, not basket \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Payne v Cave & O can be revoked any time before A \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Sommerville v Rice & Revocation effective on communication to O'or \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Kean v Dunfoy & O lapses after a reasonable time \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Dysart Timbers v Neilson & O lapses on fundamental change in circumstances \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Acceptance}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Robinson v Hemachandra & Acceptance = RPT O'or \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Brogden v Metro Rail & Acceptance by conduct \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Airways v Geyserland & A by conduct undermined by express disagreement \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Lee v Sayers & A only by Offeree not 3rd party \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Hyde v Wrench & Counteroffer = rejection of OG offer \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Reparoa Stores v Treloar & CO = RPT in shoes of O'or \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Stevenson v McLean & Enquiry ≠ CO \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Powierza v Daley & E v CO = RPT O'or \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 1)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Tinn v Hoffman & Cross offer ≠ A \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 1)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Kean v Dunfoy & A effective when O'or reads/becomes aware of the conduct \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
CC v Telecom & O'or waived right to note -\textgreater{} break seal = A \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
Allbrite & O'or can mandate A mode - Express prescription required \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 3)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Corrick & O'or can mandate A form - Express prescription required \tn 
% Row Count 28 (+ 3)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
Adams v Lindsell & Postal rule A effective on postage, if post specified in the offer \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 3)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Acceptance (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Holwell securities & Can't P rule if O'or req note or postage not requested in offer \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 15
\SetRowColor{white}
Petterson v Gothard & Designtion, past use or express \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 16
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pratt Contractors Ltd & Process contracts, bid cost/prep+promise A = C \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 17
\SetRowColor{white}
Carbolic Smoke Ball Co & Unilateral contract to world, A on performance \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 18
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Lindell Nominees & Unilateral cont. can't revoke if performance takes effort \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 19
\SetRowColor{white}
R v Clarke & Deliberate Perf req. not just accidental, must be with the contract in mind. \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 4)
% Row 20
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Carruthers v Whittaker & Preliminary contracts \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 21
\SetRowColor{white}
France v Hight & "letter to confirm details of our lease" \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 22
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
FCE v ECNZ & Prelim = RPT obj bystander \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
% Row 23
\SetRowColor{white}
Oracle NZ v Price Waterhouse & "in principle" ≠ preliminary contract \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 2)
% Row 24
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Ex-Cell-O Corp & Last terms clap wins \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 1)
% Row 25
\SetRowColor{white}
Boulder Consolidated & RPT on each Pty important \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.44333 cm} x{3.53367 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Agency}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Brayhead & Actual, Implied, and Apparent Auth. Implied Auth Reasonable in Agt's pos \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Bowditch & Undisclosed Principal, Agent not party to contract \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Siu Yin Kwan & 1. Undisclosed P is pty to main C where Agt acts on P's behalf and enters C within scope actual auth.  2. Agt must intend to enter C on P's behalf. 3. undisclosed P's Agt can also sue/be sued.  4. Any claim against Agt available against P.  5. The terms expressly or by implication exclude P's right to sue/be sued. C itself, or circumstances abt C, may make Agt only pty in C. \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 14)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Freeman & Apparent Auth due to Principal not Agts own actions \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Pascoe Prop. Ltd & P knew, but didn't fix // held out as having authority = App auth \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.29402 cm} x{3.68298 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ratification}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Durant & A must be as agt for Rat. \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Boston Fishing & P must be able to agree at time of signing for Rat. to be possible// statutory exemption for not yet incorporated companies \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Wright & Warranty of Auth. - breach by agt if has no auth when purported to have \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.74195 cm} x{3.23505 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Intention to enter into legal relations}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Beevers & intn viewd obj - conseq etc \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Parker v Clark & written + big consequences = intn \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Padavatton & uniltrl var + vrbl-\textgreater{} no int \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Mabon & Chrch stmt eff -\textgreater{} no int \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Crompton & Expressly stated honour pledge/no intent -\textgreater{} no int \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Esso Petroleum & Commercial benefit -\textgreater{} coins=sold \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Carbolic Smoke Ball Co & \$ in bank to convince -\textgreater{} not puff \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.54287 cm} x{3.43413 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Certainty + Completeness}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
WCC & Sufficent cert. on all essential terms required \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
FCE v ECNZ & Economic = SC // Reasonable endeavours ≠SC \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Ouston & Hire purchase unclear -\textgreater{} ≠SC \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Nicolene & uncertain non-essential terms not enforcable but Cont. as whole is \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Barker Bros & arbitration clause = C machinery can be used to determine uncertain terms \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Money & Valuation = obj determinable -\textgreater{} SC \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Agreement to Agree & FCE = not SC, WCC = Sometimes SC \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Consideration}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Thomas & \$1/yr = GC peppercorn lease \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Sidway & Forbearance = GC \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Couch & FB to sue = GC if believe they have a good case \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Shanklin Pier & Prms suitable + prms enter main C = GC \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Clyne & Discretionary pms ≠ GC \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Re McArdle & Past Consideration ≠ GC \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Reid & Prms existing statutorily obligated perf ≠ GC \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Roffrey Bros & Vary C - \$ to avoid penalties + \$ to hire extra ppl \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Antons Trawling & C var = no req for bilateral consideration \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Teat & RBros still good, preference for AT view \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
NZ Ship. Co & 3rd pty can now sue -\textgreater{}GC \tn 
% Row Count 19 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
Prop. Law Act 2017 s27A & Part pay on/after receipt OK \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 2)
% Row 12
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Foakes & Prms Partpayment ≠ GC -existing obligation \tn 
% Row Count 23 (+ 2)
% Row 13
\SetRowColor{white}
Kiwi Pack'g'ng & Prms Pp OK if \$\$ is in dispute \tn 
% Row Count 25 (+ 2)
% Row 14
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Temple & Prms Pp Ok if by 3rd pty -no ex ob \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Promissory Estoppel}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Krukziener & Written C beats any Verbal C \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Maher & 1. Pty assumed C formed 2. D induced P's belief 3. P relied on belief 4. D knew of belief 5. P's acts to their detriment 6. D did not attempt to avoid detriment to P \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 6)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Wilson Parking NZ & Maher 6pts met, Court enforced intended deal \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}