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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
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% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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% Document Info
\author{BeeBooBopNerd}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (medical-bacteriology.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (BeeBooBopNerd)
  /Subject (Medical Bacteriology Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Medical Bacteriology Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{BeeBooBopNerd} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/131975/cs/46147/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}BeeBooBopNerd \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/beeboobopnerd} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 18th April, 2025.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
% from this page to resize cheat sheet text:
% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terms Used in Medical Bacteriology}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Pathogenic}} & organism that can cause disease \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Opportunistic pathogen}} & microbes that generally do not cause harm -{}-\textgreater{} ex:// HIV, AIDS, chemo patients, long-term antibiotics \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 5)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Normal microbiota}} & microbes that generally do not cause harm -{}-\textgreater{} ex:// {\emph{Lactobacillus}} spp., {\emph{E. coli}} (gut) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 4)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Virulence}} & severity of disease/degree of harm -{}-\textgreater{} quantitave measure of the ability to cause disease \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 4)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Toxicity/toxigenicity}} & ability to produce toxins \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Invasiveness}} & ability to enter into host tissues, multiply and spread \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{LD\_50}} & Measure of virulence -{}-\textgreater{} number of organisms or number of ug toxin needed to kill 50\% of animals \tn 
% Row Count 24 (+ 4)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Virulence factor}} & properties of bacteria that can contribute to the ability of the bacteria to cause disease -{}-\textgreater{} ex:// toxins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), flagella \tn 
% Row Count 30 (+ 6)
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\vfill
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Terms Used in Medical Bacteriology (cont)}}  \tn
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Infection}} & colonization of bacteria (microbe has entered host and replicated) \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Disease}} & follows infection, occurs when host cells are damaged \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Overview of Steps to Infection and Disease}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{1.) How do pathogens enter human host?}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}respiratory tract, GI tract, bloodstream (through broken skin), sexually transmitted, transplacental, eyes} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{2.) Pathogens penetrate host defenses and multiply}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}sd} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{3.) Some basic host defense mechanisms}}} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}- Resistance of host depends on age, immune system health, antibiotic/drug use, and lifestyle of host\{\{nl\}\} - normal flora -{}-\textgreater{} takes up space, compete w/ pathogens for space and nutrients, some secrete inhibitory compounds that prevent growth of pathogens} \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Factors that Influence Potential Risk of Infection}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1.) Host immune system and host defenses} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}- strong vs. compromised\{\{nl\}\} - infects -{}-\textgreater{} weak, poorly developed immune systems} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2.) Ability of pathogen to adhere to, colonize and replicate} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}- can it remain in host?} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3.) Ability of organism to cause disease} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Factors That Influence Potential Risk of Infection}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{1.) Host immune system and host defenses} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}- strong vs. compromised - infects -{}-\textgreater{} weak, poorly developed immune systems} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{2.) Ability of pathogen to adhere to, colonize and replicate} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}- can it remain in host?} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{3.) Ability of organism to cause disease} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}- are the appropriate virulence factors expressed?\{\{nl\}\} - ex:// {\emph{Corynebacterium diphtheriae}} causes diptheria when it has a gene encoding DT (diphtheria toxin)} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 5)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{4.) Number of pathogens} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}- highly virulent pathogen vs. avirulent pathogen\{\{nl\}\} - ex:// {\emph{Salmonella}} needs 1000s of cells to cause disease vs. {\emph{Shigella}} which only needs 10 cells} \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 5)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Normally Sterile Areas of the Body}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Central nervous system, bone/marrow, organs (brain, heart, spleen, liver, kidney, pancreas, ovary), fluids (joint, pericardial, peritoneal, pleural) muscle% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Urinary Tract}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Vagina}} \newline % Row Count 1 (+ 1)
- {\emph{Lactobacillus}} spp. is part of the normal microbiota \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 2)
- {\emph{Lactobacillus}} produces lactic acid, which lowers pH \newline % Row Count 5 (+ 2)
- it also produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (decomposes into toxic oxygen radicals)% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}