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\usepackage{seqsplit}           % Splits long words.
%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}     % For underlining links
% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
\usepackage{amsmath}            % Symbols
\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
\usepackage{wasysym}            % Symbols
%\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel}              % Languages

% Document Info
\author{Becky B (Beckyb9)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (species.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Becky B (Beckyb9))
  /Subject (Species Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
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    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Species Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Becky B (Beckyb9)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/141887/cs/30490/}}}
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}

\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Becky B (Beckyb9) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/beckyb9} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Published 17th January, 2022.\\
   Updated 20th January, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




\begin{document}
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% Set font size to small. Switch to any value
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% www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html
\footnotesize % Small font.

\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.55618 cm} x{1.51041 cm} x{1.51041 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Biological Species}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{A group of {\bf{interbreeding natural}} population that {\bf{do not}} (usually) successfully {\bf{mate}} or {\bf{reproduce}} with {\bf{other such groups}} (which occupy a specific niche)} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Asexual Species}}} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Fragmentation}} - Starfish & An arm is removed, and grows into a new Starfish. Where the arm that was removed, a new arm will regrow on the old body. &  \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 10)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Budding}} - Yeast cells & Buds come off of their organisms which, are genetically identical to them. &  \tn 
% Row Count 21 (+ 6)
% Row 4
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\mymulticolumn{3}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{When relatives mate}}} \tn 
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Two different, yet closely relating species mate & Horse + Donkey = Mules (mostly infertile) & \seqsplit{Russet-backed} Thrush + \seqsplit{Olived-backed} Thrush (fertile offspring) \tn 
% Row Count 27 (+ 5)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}---}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cohesion Species}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Small group of cohesive individuals that share intrinsic cohesive mechanisms.} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Genetic cohesive mechanisms}} & Gene flow and stabilising selection function to maintain species integrity \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 4)
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{\bf{Ecological cohesive mechanisms}} & Abundance, demographic stability, strengths of interactions with other species \tn 
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Potential for genetic and/or demographic exchangeability. & Downplays hybridisation (i.e. what separates species) \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Ecological Species}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Lineages that {\bf{occupy}} and {\bf{adaptive zone different}} in some way from that of any other lineage {\bf{within}} its range, and which {\bf{evoles separately}} from all other lineages {\bf{outside}} its range} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Common ancestor}} but now diverged {\bf{Ecological competition}} within its {\bf{own species}}} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Adapting to individual niches} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Recognition Species}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Recognise}} each other for the purpose of {\bf{mating}} and {\bf{reproduction}} & Linked to {\bf{features}} used to recognise mates \tn 
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{\bf{White peacock}} & Females would not recognise him as the same speices. They may not mate with him. \tn 
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{\bf{The Western meadowlark and Eastern meadowlark}} & Look very similar but have a different song. They do not breed as their distinct song prevents them from recognising each other. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 7)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{The sixth mass extinction}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Earth appears to be undergoing a {\bf{6\textasciicircum{}th\textasciicircum{} mass extintion}} & Extinction is occurring {\bf{faster}} than {\bf{"background extintion"}} (which occurs between the mass extinction events) \tn 
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1 species extinct per 1 million species {\bf{each year}} & Rate of between 10-10,000 times faster than background extinction \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Recent data}}} \tn 
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{\emph{Lower estimate}} & 200-2000 species a year \tn 
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{\emph{Upper estimate}} & 10,000-100,000 species a year \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Extinction comes after}}} \tn 
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Decrease in poppulation {\bf{size}} & Decrease in population {\bf{distribution}} \tn 
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\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.09034 cm} x{2.88666 cm} }
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Hard to know..}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{We don't know how many species exist} \tn 
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\SetRowColor{white}
Impossible to estimate & \textgreater{}Take {\bf{samples}} and extrapolate up \textgreater{}Look at {\bf{patterns}} in identication rates \textgreater{}Look at {\bf{ratio}} - such as 1:6 vascular plants to fungi \tn 
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{\bf{Bias}} towards species & \textgreater{}Charismatic \textgreater{}Larger \textgreater{}Common species \tn 
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{\bf{Least known}} or described & \textgreater{}Fungi \textgreater{}Viruses \textgreater{}Bacteria \tn 
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1.5 million catalogued so far & 100k well known \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Eastimated to be 3-10 million species {\bf{globally}}} \tn 
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\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Anthropogenic causes}}  \tn
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Anthropogenic hazards are {\bf{hazards}} caused by {\bf{human action}} or {\bf{inaction}}. They are contrasted with natural hazards. Anthropogenic hazards may adversely affect humans, other organisms, biomes, and ecosystems.} \tn 
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% Row 1
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{\bf{land development}} & is altering the landscape in any number of ways such as: Changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as agriculture or housing Subdividing real estate \tn 
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{overexploitation}} & the action or fact of making excessive use of a resource. \tn 
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{\bf{Species translocations and introductions}} & Translocation: The intentional capture and release of animals to the wild to establish, reestablish, or augment a population. \tn 
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% Row 4
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{\bf{pollution}} & the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects. \tn 
% Row Count 31 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}