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%\usepackage{opensans}          % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely.
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% Most of the following are not required for the majority
% of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support.
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\usepackage{MnSymbol}           % Symbols
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% Document Info
\author{Bayan (Bayan.A)}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (java-mastery-2.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (Bayan (Bayan.A))
  /Subject (Java Mastery 2 Cheat Sheet)
}

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% Header and Footer
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\fancyhead[L]{
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C}
    \SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
    \vspace{-7pt}
    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
    }
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\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L}
    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Java Mastery 2 Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{Bayan (Bayan.A)} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/122738/cs/31553/}}}
\end{tabulary}
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\fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize
\noindent
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}Bayan (Bayan.A) \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/bayan-a} \\
  \end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
  \SetRowColor{FootBackground}
  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 7th April, 2022.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
\end{tabulary}
\vfill
\columnbreak
\begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L}
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}}  \\
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  \vspace{-5pt}
  %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg}
  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
\end{tabulary}
\end{multicols}}




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\begin{multicols*}{3}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.84149 cm} x{3.13551 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Java Structure}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Package}} & contains one or more classes. \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Class }} & contains one or more fields and methods. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Method }} & contains declarations and statements. \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Statement }} & contains declarations, statements, and expressions. \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\emph{ {\bf{These may contain comments:}} }}} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Single line: }} & // \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{Multi-line }} & starts with /{\emph{ and ends with }}/ \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{Documentation notes}} & starts with /{\emph{* and ends with }}/, put before the definition of a variable, method or class \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 4)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.94103 cm} x{3.03597 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Data Types and Variable Declaration}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{`int`}} & holds integer values (between −231 and 231 − 1). \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{`double`}} & holds floating-point numbers (i.e., numbers containing a decimal point). \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{`boolean` }} & holds a true or false value. \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{`char`}} & holds single characters(can also be used as numbers) \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{`float `}} & holds less accurate floating-point numbers. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
{\bf{`byte, short and long`}} & holds integers with fewer or more digits. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
{\bf{`String`}} & composed of zero or more chars, it is an object, not a primitive type. \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Variable declaration examples: \newline `int age;     //without initial value` \newline `int count = 0;      //with initial value of 0` \newline `double distance = 37.95;` \newline `boolean isReadOnly = true;` \newline `String greeting = "Welcome to SP2";` \newline `String outputLine;`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Enumeration types}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{An easy way to name a finite list of values that a variable can hold} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Like declaring a new type, with a list of possible values} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Can have any number of values, but you must include them all in the enum declaration} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Can declare variables of the enumeration type:} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Can use the comparison operator with them:} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: \newline  \newline {\bf{Claring a new type with a list of possible values:}} \newline `public enum FilingStatus \{ ` \newline        `SINGLE, MARRIED, \seqsplit{MARRIED\_FILING\_SEPARATELY} \}` \newline  \newline {\bf{Enumeration type variable declaration:}} \newline `FilingStatus status = FilingStatus.SINGLE;` \newline  \newline {\bf{With comparison operator:}} \newline `if (status == FilingStatus.SINGLE)`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Reading input}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{Structure}}} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Import Scanner class: & `import java.util.Scanner;` \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Create a scanner, assign it to a variable: & `Scanner scanner = new \seqsplit{Scanner(System.in);`} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
 & `new Scanner(..)` creates a new one \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & System.in says scanner is to take input from the keyboard \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 3)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
Request user to input number & \seqsplit{`System.out.print("Please} input data: ");` \tn 
% Row Count 14 (+ 3)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Read in the number: & `myNumber = scanner.nextInt();` \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Read in String: & String myString = scanner.nextLine(); \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Read in double: & String myDouble = \seqsplit{scanner.nextDouble();} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
Read in char: & char myChar = \seqsplit{scanner.next().charAt(0);} \tn 
% Row Count 22 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Printing}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Print and end line & \seqsplit{System.out.println(something);} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Print and doesn't end the line & \seqsplit{System.out.print(something);} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.24425 cm} x{3.73275 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Assignment statements}}  \tn
% Row 0
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{alues can be assigned to variables by assignment statements.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Syntax: & variable = expression \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The expression must be of the same type as the variable.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
% Row 3
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The expression may be a simple value or it may involve computation} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{{\bf{When a variable is assigned a value, the old value is discarded and totally forgotten.}}} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.69218 cm} x{3.28482 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Methods}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{This is a named group of declarations and statements} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
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\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{They are called or invoked by naming it in a statement} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
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\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Every method definition must specify a return type} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
Return type void: & used if nothing is to be returned \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
 & plain `return` can be used \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{If not `void`, return statements that specify the value to be returned must be supplied} \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Method call:} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Request to an object to do something, or compute value} \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{When calling a method, parameter types are not specified} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Parameters of the type specified in the definition must be supplied} \tn 
% Row Count 17 (+ 2)
% Row 10
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Method calls can be used as a statement} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 1)
% Row 11
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Methods that return a value may be used as part of an expression} \tn 
% Row Count 20 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Arithmetic expressions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{number literals (e.g., 42) and variables (e.g., x);} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
+ & indicate addition; \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
- & subtraction \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
* & multiplication \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
/ & division \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\% & modulo(indicates remainder of an integer only division) \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
( ) & indicate the order in which to do things. \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{An operation involving two ints results in an int.} \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{When dividing one int by another, the fractional part of the result is thrown away, e.g., 14 / 5 gives 2 (and 14 \% 5 gives 4).} \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 3)
% Row 9
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Any operation involving a double results in a double, e.g., 3.7 + 1 gives 4.7 (int values are automatically converted to double where needed} \tn 
% Row Count 18 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} x{4.4793 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Boolean expressions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textless{} & less than \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\textless{}= & less than or equals \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
== & equals \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\textgreater{} & greater than \tn 
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% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\textgreater{}= & \textgreater{}= \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
!= & not equals \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\&\& & "and" true if and only if both operands are true \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 2)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
|| & "or" true if and only if at least one operand is true \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 2)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
! & "not" reverses the truth value of its one operand \tn 
% Row Count 12 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: \newline `(x \textgreater{} 0) \&\& !(x \textgreater{} 99)` \newline "x is greater than zero and is not greater than 99"}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.9908 cm} x{2.9862 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Conditional expressions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
`condition ? expr1 : expr2` & Becomes expr1 if condition is true, otherwise expr2. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: \newline `x \textless{} 0 ? -1 : 1` \newline "if x is less than zero, then -1, otherwise 1"}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.4885 cm} x{2.4885 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{String concatenation}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
You can concatenate (join together) Strings with the + operator & fullName = firstName + " " + lastName; \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
ou can concatenate any value with a String and that value will automatically be turned into a String. & \seqsplit{System.out.println("There} are " + count + " apples."); \tn 
% Row Count 10 (+ 6)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{0.84609 cm} x{4.13091 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{If statements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{An if statement lets you choose whether or not to execute one statement, based on a boolean condition.} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Condition {\bf{must}} be boolean.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Syntax:} & if (boolean\_condition) statement; \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Example:} & `if (x \textless{} 100) x = x + 1;` // adds 1 to x, but only if x is less than 100 \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{An if statement may have an optional else part, to be executed if the boolean condition is false.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Syntax:} & if (boolean\_condition) statement else statement \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 2)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\seqsplit{Example} & `if (x \textgreater{}= 0 \&\& x \textless{} limit) y = x / limit; else System.out.println("x is out of range: " + x);` \tn 
% Row Count 16 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Compound statements}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Group multiple statements into a single statement by surrounding them with braces, `\{ \}`.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{there is no semicolon after a compound statement} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Braces can also be used around a single statement, or no statements at all (to form an "empty" statement).} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{It is good style to always use braces in the if part and else part of an if statement, even if they surround only a single statement.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: \newline ` if (score \textgreater{} 100) \{` \newline      ` score = 100;` \newline       ` \seqsplit{System.out.println("score} has been adjusted");` \newline  `\}`}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.79632 cm} x{4.18068 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{While Loops}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{A while loop will execute the enclosed statement as long as a boolean condition remains true.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\seqsplit{Syntax:} & `while (boolean\_condition) statemen` \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{he condition must be boolean.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{If the condition never becomes false, the loop never exits, and the program never stops.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: \newline  \newline n = 1; \newline while (n \textless{} 4) \{ \newline      System.out.println(n + " squared is " + (n * n)); \newline        n = n + 1; \newline \} \newline  \newline Result: \newline 1 squared is 1 \newline 2 squared is 4 \newline 3 squared is 9}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.59264 cm} x{3.38436 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{for loop}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The for loop looks complicated, but is very handy.} \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Syntax: & for (initialise ; test ; increment) statement \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{There is no semicolon after the increment.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The initialise part is done first and only once} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Then, the test is performed, and, as long as it is true,} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 5
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{the statement is executed, and} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 6
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{the increment is executed} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
% Row 7
\SetRowColor{white}
Initialise: & define the loop variable with an assignment statement, or with a declaration and initialisation. \tn 
% Row Count 13 (+ 4)
% Row 8
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Test, or condition: & A boolean condition. \tn 
% Row Count 15 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: \newline  \newline Print the numbers 1 through 10 and their squares: \newline  for (int i = 1; i \textless{} 11; i++) \{ \newline  System.out.println(i + " " + (i {\emph{ i)); \newline  \} \newline  \newline Print the squares of the first 100 integers, ten per line: \newline  for (int i = 1; i \textless{} 101; i++) \{ \newline  System.out.print(" " + (i }} i)); \newline  if (i \% 10 == 0) \newline  System.out.println(); \newline  \}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.24425 cm} x{3.73275 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{When do you use each loop}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
for loop & if you know ahead of time how many times you want to go through the loop. \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
while loop & in almost all other cases. \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
do-while loop & if you must go through the loop at least once before it makes sense to do the test. \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{break statement}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Inside any loop, the break statement will immediately get you out of the loop.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{If you are in nested loops, break gets you out of the innermost loop} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{It doesn't make any sense to break out of a loop unconditionally; you should do it only as the result of an if test} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 3)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{break should not be the normal way to leave a loop} \tn 
% Row Count 8 (+ 1)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Use it when necessary, but don't overuse it.} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Example: \newline  \newline  for (int i = 1; i \textless{}= 12; i++) \{ \newline if (badEgg(i)) \newline  break; \newline \}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{continue statemen}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Inside any loop, the continue statement will jump right before the end of the loop body.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{In a while or do-while loop, the continue statement will bring you to the test.} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{In a for loop, the continue statement will bring you to the increment, then to the test} \tn 
% Row Count 6 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Multiway decisions}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The if-else statement chooses one of two statements, based on the value of a boolean expression} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The switch statement chooses one of several statements, based on the value} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{p{0.4977 cm} p{0.4977 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{switch statement}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{works with the byte, short, char, and int primitive data types} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{works with enumeration types, the String class, and a few special classes that wrap certain primitive types: Byte, Short, Character, and Integer.} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 3)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Notice that colons ( : ) are used as well as semicolons.} \tn 
% Row Count 7 (+ 2)
% Row 3
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The last statement in every case should be a break;} \tn 
% Row Count 9 (+ 2)
% Row 4
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{The default: case handles every value not otherwise handled.} \tn 
% Row Count 11 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{public static void printStatus(FilingStatus status) \{ \newline  switch (status) \{ \newline  case SINGLE: // SINGLE rather than FilingStatus.SINGLE \newline  System.out.print("Single filing"); \newline  break; \newline  case MARRIED: \newline  \seqsplit{System.out.print("Married} joint filing"); \newline  break; \newline  case \seqsplit{MARRIED\_FILING\_SEPARATELY:} \newline  \seqsplit{System.out.print("Married} separate filing"); \newline  break; \newline  default: \newline  \seqsplit{System.out.print("Unexpected} case");/ / better: throw an exception if code. needs to be updated to handle new case \newline  \} \newline  \}}  \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}