\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article} % Packages \usepackage{fancyhdr} % For header and footer \usepackage{multicol} % Allows multicols in tables \usepackage{tabularx} % Intelligent column widths \usepackage{tabulary} % Used in header and footer \usepackage{hhline} % Border under tables \usepackage{graphicx} % For images \usepackage{xcolor} % For hex colours %\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} % For unicode character support \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Without this we get weird character replacements \usepackage{colortbl} % For coloured tables \usepackage{setspace} % For line height \usepackage{lastpage} % Needed for total page number \usepackage{seqsplit} % Splits long words. %\usepackage{opensans} % Can't make this work so far. Shame. Would be lovely. \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} % For underlining links % Most of the following are not required for the majority % of cheat sheets but are needed for some symbol support. \usepackage{amsmath} % Symbols \usepackage{MnSymbol} % Symbols \usepackage{wasysym} % Symbols %\usepackage[english,german,french,spanish,italian]{babel} % Languages % Document Info \author{BarplotNorm} \pdfinfo{ /Title (r-commands.pdf) /Creator (Cheatography) /Author (BarplotNorm) /Subject (R Commands Cheat Sheet) } % Lengths and widths \addtolength{\textwidth}{6cm} \addtolength{\textheight}{-1cm} \addtolength{\hoffset}{-3cm} \addtolength{\voffset}{-2cm} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.2cm} % Space between columns \setlength{\headsep}{-12pt} % Reduce space between header and content \setlength{\headheight}{85pt} % If less, LaTeX automatically increases it \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove footer line \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} % Remove header line \renewcommand{\seqinsert}{\ifmmode\allowbreak\else\-\fi} % Hyphens in seqsplit % This two commands together give roughly % the right line height in the tables \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} \onehalfspacing % Commands \newcommand{\SetRowColor}[1]{\noalign{\gdef\RowColorName{#1}}\rowcolor{\RowColorName}} % Shortcut for row colour \newcommand{\mymulticolumn}[3]{\multicolumn{#1}{>{\columncolor{\RowColorName}}#2}{#3}} % For coloured multi-cols \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\raggedright}p{#1}} % New column types for ragged-right paragraph columns \newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline} % Required as custom column type in use % Font and Colours \definecolor{HeadBackground}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{FootBackground}{HTML}{666666} \definecolor{TextColor}{HTML}{333333} \definecolor{DarkBackground}{HTML}{084DCD} \definecolor{LightBackground}{HTML}{EFF3FB} \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \color{TextColor} % Header and Footer \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} % Set header to blank \fancyfoot{} % Set footer to blank \fancyhead[L]{ \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{C} \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \vspace{-7pt} {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}} } \end{tabulary} \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{11cm}{L} \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{R Commands Cheat Sheet}}}} \\ \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{BarplotNorm} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/203294/cs/43288/}}} \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \fancyfoot[L]{ \footnotesize \noindent \begin{multicols}{3} \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{LL} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}BarplotNorm \\ \uline{cheatography.com/barplotnorm} \\ \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}} \\ \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\ Updated 17th December, 2024.\\ Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}. \end{tabulary} \vfill \columnbreak \begin{tabulary}{5.8cm}{L} \SetRowColor{FootBackground} \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Sponsor}} \\ \SetRowColor{white} \vspace{-5pt} %\includegraphics[width=48px,height=48px]{dave.jpeg} Measure your website readability!\\ www.readability-score.com \end{tabulary} \end{multicols}} \begin{document} \raggedright \raggedcolumns % Set font size to small. Switch to any value % from this page to resize cheat sheet text: % www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_169.html \footnotesize % Small font. \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{2.6352 cm} x{5.4351 cm} x{3.6234 cm} x{4.7763 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{4}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Basic Math}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{`exp(x)`} & Exponential & \seqsplit{`sum(x)`} & Sum \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{`log(x)`} & Natural log & \seqsplit{`cumsum(x)`} & Cumulative Sum \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{`max(x)`} & Largest element & \seqsplit{`ceil(x)`} & Round up \tn % Row Count 6 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{`min(x)`} & Smallest element & \seqsplit{`floor(x)`} & Round down \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `x \%\% y` & Modulo & & \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}----} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.9804 cm} x{8.2896 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{I/O}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `write(data, "mydata.dat")` & Write data as binary. \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{`scan("mydata.dat")`} & Read binary data. \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `getcwd()` & Current working directory \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Plotting}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `plot(data)` & Plot quick overview. \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `barplot(x, main="Title", xlab="x label")` & Annotated barplot of absolute frequencies \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `plot.ecdf(data)` & Plot ECDF. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} `hist(data, prob=TRUE, breaks=30)` & Histogram of relative frequencies (30 bins). \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `rug(data)` & 1D-plot \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} `abline(a,b,col="red")` & Add a red line with intercept `a` and slope `b` to the plot. \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 3) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `boxplot(data1, data2, ... ,range=1.5)` & Plot boxplots of one or more data sequences in one window. `range` determines the extend of the whiskers. Default `range=1.5`, i.e. 1.5 x IQR \tn % Row Count 20 (+ 8) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} `qqnorm(x)` & QQ-Plot against standard normal distribution \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 3) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `qqPlot(x, dist="unif")` & QQ-Plot against any R-standard distribution \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{6.5626 cm} x{10.7074 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Vectors}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Creating Vectors}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `c(2, 4, 6)` & Join elements into a vector \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `2:6` & An integer sequence (end inclusive!) \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} `seq(2,3, by=0.5)` & Complex sequence (s. np.linspace) \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `rep(1:2, 3)` & Repeat vector \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 1) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} `rep(1:2, 3:4)` & Repeat each element \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) % Row 6 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Functions}}} \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 1) % Row 7 \SetRowColor{white} `sort(x)` & Return x sorted. \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 1) % Row 8 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `rev(x)` & Return x reversed. \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) % Row 9 \SetRowColor{white} `unique(x)` & See unique values. \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 1) % Row 10 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `length(x)` & Length of x. \tn % Row Count 14 (+ 1) % Row 11 \SetRowColor{white} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Selecting Vector Elements}}} \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 1) % Row 12 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{By Position}}} \tn % Row Count 16 (+ 1) % Row 13 \SetRowColor{white} `x{[}4{]}` & The fourth element \tn % Row Count 17 (+ 1) % Row 14 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `x{[}-4{]}` & All but the fourth. \tn % Row Count 18 (+ 1) % Row 15 \SetRowColor{white} `x{[}2:4{]}` & Elements two to four \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 1) % Row 16 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `x{[}-(2:4){]}` & All elements except 2 to four \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 2) % Row 17 \SetRowColor{white} `x{[}c(1, 5){]}` & Elements one and five. \tn % Row Count 22 (+ 1) % Row 18 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{By Value}}} \tn % Row Count 23 (+ 1) % Row 19 \SetRowColor{white} `x{[}x == 10{]}` & All elements equal to 10 \tn % Row Count 24 (+ 1) % Row 20 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `x{[}x \textless{} 10{]}` & All elements less than 10. \tn % Row Count 26 (+ 2) % Row 21 \SetRowColor{white} `x{[}x \%in\% c(1, 2, 5){]}` & Elements in the given set. \tn % Row Count 28 (+ 2) % Row 22 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{Named Vectors}}} \tn % Row Count 29 (+ 1) % Row 23 \SetRowColor{white} `x{[}'apple'{]}` & Element with name 'apple'. \tn % Row Count 31 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Control Flow}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `for (variable in sequence) \{...\}` & for-loop. If the loop body contains only a single line, the curly brackets can be omitted. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 5) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `while (condition) \{...\}` & while-loop \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `if (i \textgreater{} 5) \{`\{\{nl\}\}` ...`\{\{nl\}\} `else \{`\{\{nl\}\}` ...`\{\{nl\}\}`\}` & if-else-block \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 4) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} `foo = function(arg1, arg2, ...) \{`\{\{nl\}\}` ...`\{\{nl\}\}` return(var)`\{\{nl\}\}`\}` & function \tn % Row Count 15 (+ 4) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{5.0083 cm} x{12.2617 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Runs Test of Randomness}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `rle(x)` & Compute the lengths and values of runs of equal values in a vector . \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 3) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{`rle(x)\$lengths`} & Vector containing the length of each run. \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{`rle(x)\$values`} & Vector of the same length as lengths with the corresponding values. \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{2.5905 cm} x{14.6795 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Help}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{`?sqrt`} & Display documentation of the command `sqrt`` \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} \seqsplit{`?'\%\%'`} & use quotation marks for special characters \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Miscellaneous}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Printing}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `print("Text")` & Default print \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `sprintf("Formatted \%s: \%.3f", object, mean)` & Formatted print \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 3) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} `(x=3)` & enclose an R command with brackets to directly print the result \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 4) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `edit(x)` & Invoke text editor on R object \tn % Row Count 11 (+ 2) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} `library(MASS)` & Load package MASS \tn % Row Count 12 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Random Numbers}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `sample(1:3,prob=c(1/6,1/3,1/2),replace=TRUE,20)` & Draw 20 balls, labeled from 1 to 3, from box with replacement. \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 4) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `r\textless{}distr. ID\textgreater{}`(n, params) & Draw `n` numbers from distribution `\textless{}distr. ID\textgreater{}` with parameters `params` \tn % Row Count 8 (+ 4) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\emph{(see {\bf{Distributions in R}} for more details)}}} \tn % Row Count 9 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{7.7715 cm} x{9.4985 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Tables}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `table(data)` & get absolute frequencies of values \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `as.numeric(tab); as.vector(tab)` & Extract values and their absolute frequencies from table \tn % Row Count 5 (+ 3) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \seqsplit{`tab/length(data)`} & Compute relative frequencies \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{5.8718 cm} x{11.3982 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Characteristics of data sequences}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `mean(x)` & Arithmetic mean of the data sequence \tn % Row Count 2 (+ 2) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `var(x)` & Variance \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 1) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `median(x)` & Median \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} `quantile(x, type=7)` & Quantile. `type=7` is the default computation algorithm, i.e. the function returns the value at position `k=1+p(n-1)`, if this is an integer. Otherwise, R computes a weighted mean of the two neighboring integers \tn % Row Count 13 (+ 9) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `qunatile(x, type=1)` & General inverse function of the ECDF (smallest p-quantile). Largetst p-quantile can be obtained indirectly by slightly increasing p \tn % Row Count 19 (+ 6) % Row 5 \SetRowColor{white} `summary(x)` & Overview of important measures \tn % Row Count 21 (+ 2) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{x{8.635 cm} x{8.635 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Data sets}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{Interacting with data sets}}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) % Row 1 \SetRowColor{white} `col\_1 = data\$col\_1\_name` & Access column data \tn % Row Count 3 (+ 2) % Row 2 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{{\bf{I/O}}} \tn % Row Count 4 (+ 1) % Row 3 \SetRowColor{white} `data = read.csv("file.csv", header=FALSE, sep="")` & Read csv (function arguments similar to that used in pandas) \tn % Row Count 7 (+ 3) % Row 4 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} `write.csv(data, "data.csv", row.names=FALSE, sep=" ")` & Write data set as csv \tn % Row Count 10 (+ 3) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \begin{tabularx}{17.67cm}{p{1.727 cm} p{1.727 cm} } \SetRowColor{DarkBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Distributions in R}} \tn % Row 0 \SetRowColor{LightBackground} \mymulticolumn{2}{x{17.67cm}}{d\textless{}d\textgreater{}} \tn % Row Count 1 (+ 1) \hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--} \end{tabularx} \par\addvspace{1.3em} \end{document}