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\author{azten}
\pdfinfo{
  /Title (atmosphere-ionoshpere-and-radio-propagation.pdf)
  /Creator (Cheatography)
  /Author (azten)
  /Subject (Atmosphere, Ionoshpere \& Radio Propagation Cheat Sheet)
}

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    {\parbox{\dimexpr\textwidth-2\fboxsep\relax}{\noindent
        \hspace*{-6pt}\includegraphics[width=5.8cm]{/web/www.cheatography.com/public/images/cheatography_logo.pdf}}
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    \vspace{-2pt}\large{\bf{\textcolor{DarkBackground}{\textrm{Atmosphere, Ionoshpere \& Radio Propagation Cheat Sheet}}}} \\
    \normalsize{by \textcolor{DarkBackground}{azten} via \textcolor{DarkBackground}{\uline{cheatography.com/18500/cs/1775/}}}
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  \mymulticolumn{2}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheatographer}}  \\
  \vspace{-2pt}azten \\
  \uline{cheatography.com/azten} \\
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  \mymulticolumn{1}{p{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Cheat Sheet}}  \\
   \vspace{-2pt}Not Yet Published.\\
   Updated 21st September, 2020.\\
   Page {\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}.
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  Measure your website readability!\\
  www.readability-score.com
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Atmosphere}}  \tn
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{gaseus envelope around a celestial body% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
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Oxygen = 21\% \newline % Row Count 2 (+ 1)
Argon = .9\% \newline % Row Count 3 (+ 1)
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Higher region of the atmosphere which constituents are no longer mixed by turbelence% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
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D Layer (night change) & 60-90km \tn 
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% Row 2
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% Row 3
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F2 Layer & 200-500km \tn 
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% Row 1
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% Row 1
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% Row 3
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% Row 4
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% Row 1
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% Row 2
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Drift: charged particles experience gradient and curvature drifts to the west for protons and east for electrons} \tn 
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\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{features air waves moving across the atmosphere. reflects off of clouds or layers of ionosphere.% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
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\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Radio Waves}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Ground wave: follows the curvature of the earth on the surface as a result of earths electrical characteristics. (Direct and Reflected)} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Sky wave: gets reflected by the ionoshpere} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Space wave: shoots through to space} \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Amplutide Modulation}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Amplitude of carrier wave is made to vary with the incoming signal.% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Frequency modulation}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Frequency of the carrier wave is made to vary with incoming signal% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{SEMICONDUCTORS}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{1.4931 cm} x{3.4839 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Semiconductor Atoms}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Group III & B \& Al \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Group IV & Carbon \& Silicon \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Group V & Nitrogen \& Phosphorus \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Intrinstic Semiconductors}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Features 2 Group IV atoms in convalent bonds. Constant concentration of electron-hole pairs active at room temperature as a result of thermal energy. Ohmic relationship.% Row Count 4 (+ 4)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.73735 cm} x{2.23965 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Extrinsic Semiconductors}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
N-Type & P-Type \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Atom with 5 valence electrons & Atom 3 valence electrons \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 2)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Majority carrier electron & Majority carrier holes \tn 
% Row Count 5 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Diodes}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Combine P and N type semiconductors in a lattice.% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Rectification}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Converting AC to DC. Remember half-wave and full wave rectification% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{BACKGROUND PHYSICS}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Radiance}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Power passing through unit area in unit solid angle about the normal to the area.% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Irradiance}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Power passing through the unit area.% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Scattering}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Photons get deflected from incident direction by intermediary particles without energy loss.% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Scattering}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Rayleigh: photons collide elastically with the atmospheric molecules.} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Mie} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Non selective} \tn 
% Row Count 4 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Rayleigh Scattering}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Why does the sky look blue?} \tn 
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\hspace*{6 px}\rule{2px}{6px}\hspace*{6 px}light scatters in all directions at an intensity of (1+cos\textasciicircum{}(2) (x))*lamba\textasciicircum{}-4} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 3)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Aerosols}}  \tn
\SetRowColor{white}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{Atmospheric mixture strong enough to lift up particles into the atmosphere% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
} \tn 
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{x{2.04057 cm} x{2.93643 cm} }
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Types of Aerosols}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
Natural & Anthropogenic \tn 
% Row Count 1 (+ 1)
% Row 1
\SetRowColor{white}
Sea salts & Pollution \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 1)
% Row 2
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{2}{x{5.377cm}}{Volcanoes} \tn 
% Row Count 3 (+ 1)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}--}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}

\begin{tabularx}{5.377cm}{X}
\SetRowColor{DarkBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{\bf\textcolor{white}{Radiative Transfer Equation}}  \tn
% Row 0
\SetRowColor{LightBackground}
\mymulticolumn{1}{x{5.377cm}}{-absorptivity + emittance - scattering out  + scattering in} \tn 
% Row Count 2 (+ 2)
\hhline{>{\arrayrulecolor{DarkBackground}}-}
\end{tabularx}
\par\addvspace{1.3em}


% That's all folks
\end{multicols*}

\end{document}